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Xue YANG Junpeng LI Tingting ZHAO Lidong MO Jianli ZHANG Huiqin REN Nianxi ZHAO 《干旱区科学》2019,11(1):66-74
Intraspecific trait variation and heritability in different environmental conditions not only suggest a potential for an evolutionary response but also have important ecological consequences at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. However, the contribution of quantitative trait variation within a grassland species to evolutionary responses or ecological consequences is seldom documented. Leymus chinensis is an important dominant species in semi-arid grasslands of China, which has seriously suffered from drought and high temperature stresses in recent decades. In the present study, we measured variation and heritability of 10 quantitative traits, namely the number of tillers, maximum shoot height, number of rhizomes, maximum rhizome length, rhizome mass, aboveground mass, root mass, maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pmax), specific leaf area(SLA), and leaf length to leaf width ratio(LL/LW), for 10 genotypes of L. chinensis under one non-stress(Ck) condition and three environmental stress conditions(i.e., drought(Dr), high temperature(Ht), and both drought and high temperature(DrHt)). Result indicated that(1) the interaction of genotype and environmental condition(G×E) was significant for 6 traits but not significant for the other 4 traits as shown by two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA), suggesting that different selection forces were placed for different traits on the factors dominating phenotypic responses to different environmental conditions. Moreover, these significant G×E effects on traits indicated significantly different phenotypic adaptive responses among L. chinensis genotypes to different environmental conditions. Additionally, individuals could be grouped according to environmental condition rather than genotype as shown by canonical discriminant analysis, indicating that environmental condition played a more important role in affecting phenotypic variation than genotype;(2) by one-way ANOVA, significant differences among L. chinensis genotypes were found in all 10 traits under Ck and Dr conditions, in 8 traits under Dr Ht condition and only in 4 traits under Ht condition; and(3) all 10 traits showed relatively low or non-measurable broad-sense heritability(H_2) under stress conditions. However, the lowest H_2 value for most traits did not occur under DrHt condition, which supported the hypothesis of 'unfavorable conditions have unpredictable effects' rather than 'unfavorable conditions decrease heritability'. Results from our experiment might aid to improve predictions on the potential impacts of climate changes on L. chinensis and eventually species conservation and ecosystem restoration. 相似文献
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从罗汉果(Siraitia grosvenorii)转录组中获得一条与罗汉果甜苷Ⅴ生物合成相关的葡萄糖基转移酶(UDPG)的unigene片段,以罗汉果授粉后70 d的果实RNA为模板,利用RACE和RT-PCR技术克隆UDPG全长基因,将克隆得到的SgUDPG1基因连接到原核表达载体pEASY-E1上,构建融合表达载体,转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),通过IPTG诱导表达,重组蛋白纯化,SDS-PAGE检测表达产物以及Western-blotting和质谱鉴定蛋白产物。结果表明,获得了1条SgUDPG1,全长为1 959 bp,开放阅读框ORF为1 365 bp,编码1条454 aa的肽链,理论分子量为51.2 kD,等电点为5.39,具有植物中次生代谢产物糖基转移酶特有的保守结构域PSPG-box motif。SgUDPG1在授粉后50 d和70 d的果实中表达逐渐升高,是对照授粉后3 d的5.16倍和13.12倍,与果实中甜苷Ⅴ含量呈相同趋势。此基因的ORF可以在大肠杆菌中表达,并且可以纯化出比理论分子量大5.3 kD的融合蛋白,通过Western-blotting和质谱鉴定,确定该蛋白属于罗汉果葡萄糖基转移酶。 相似文献
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在IPCC方法的基础上,对1980-2016年新疆畜禽温室气体排放的时空变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:新疆畜禽温室气体从1980年的1224.01×10^4 tCO2-eq波动升高至2016年的2032.80×10^4 tCO2-eq,增幅为66.08%,年均增长1.41%;畜禽肠道发酵甲烷排放是新疆畜禽温室气体的主要贡献者,占温室气体排放总量的84%,其次是畜禽粪便管理氧化亚氮和甲烷的排放;而主要畜禽温室气体排放以牛和羊为主,其次是马、驴、猪、骆驼和骡;最后通过对2015年新疆畜禽温室气体排放空间变化分析可知,伊犁州直属县(市)温室气体排放量最大,为456.78×10^4 tCO2-eq,而温室气体排放量最小的克拉玛依市仅有4.37×10^4 tCO2-eq,说明新疆畜禽温室气体排放空间差异性较大。 相似文献
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MO Jiayuan GAO Jiuyu FENG Lingli LI Yueyue TIAN Weilong LIU Xiaoxiao CHENG Feng LIANG Liang LEI Shuqiao WEN Wei LIANG Jing LAN Ganqiu 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(12):3965-3975
In order to identify the molecular markers related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs,the genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to map and screen the candidate genes affecting the alive litter size trait.Ear tissue samples of 297 Bama Xiang pigs with multiple parity records were collected,and DNA was extracted and genotyped by porcine 50K SNP beadchip.After quality control and genotype imputation,the alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs were GWAS by Tassel.The results showed that the average number born alive per litter of Bama Xiang pigs increased gradually with the increasing of parity in the range of 1-9 parities.A total of 32 816 SNPs were obtained after quality control and filtration.8 SNPs related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs were screened by genome-wide association analysis,which were significant at genome or chromosome level.Based on the enrichment analysis of the coding genes in the region between 500 kb upstream and downstream of the associated significant SNP loci,and the QTL regions and gene functions related to porcine reproductive traits,4 genes (CAPZB,MSH3,CITED2 and HSD17B7) were finally identified to be candidate genes related to alive litter size of Bama Xiang pigs. 相似文献
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