豌豆在肉鸡日粮中的应用效果研究

选取3 240只AA肉仔鸡随机分为6组,每组6个重复,每个重复90只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在饲养的前、中、后期添加10%、20%、30%的豌豆来研究在肉鸡日粮中添加不同水平的豌豆对肉鸡生产性能的影响。结果表明:在试验前期,不管日粮中添加10%、20%、30%的豌豆,均可极显著(P<0.01)降低肉鸡的日采食量,但从肉鸡全程的饲养数据看,即使前、中、后期日粮中的豌豆添加比例均达到30%,对肉鸡全程的生产性能(成活率、末重和肥育指数)和全净膛率没有显著影响(P>0.05)。     

The effects of allopurinol on the ultrastructure of ischaemic and reperfused large intestine of sheep

Objective To test the possible inhibitory effect of allopurinol on reperfusion injury, caused by oxygen-derived free radicals, of sheep large intestine.
Design An ultrastructural study on caecal tissues from control and treated groups.  

Animals

Fifty sheep in four ischaemic and reperfused (treatment) groups and one control group. Three of the treatment groups were subdivided for half to be injected with allopurinol and the other half with its solvent, potassium hydroxide (KOH).
Procedure Ischaemia of the caecum was induced in the four treatment groups for 60 minutes by clamping the apex. Allopurinol and its KOH solvent were injected intravenously in three treatment groups prior to ischaemia. Samples were collected before and 1 hour after induction of ischaemia and 1 min, 1 h and 8 h after reperfusion. Tissues were processed and examined with an electron microscope.
Results Untreated and solvent injected sheep showed minor ultrastructural changes following ischaemia. With reperfusion, there was severe mitochondrial, goblet cell and basement membrane damage. Tissues from allopurinoltreated sheep were preserved and appeared similar to tissues from the control group.  

Conclusion:

Pre-treatment with allopurinol prevented damage to tissues whereas untreated or allopurinol solventtreated showed severe damage following reperfusion. It is believed that allopurinol, an analogue of hypoxanthine and xanthine, prevents reperfusion injury by competitively binding with xanthine oxidase. This reduces or inhibits the xanthine oxidase mediated conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine thereby preventing the formation of oxygen-derived free radicals.