绿原酸提取物的抗氧化活性协同增效作用

以蒲公英和葵花籽粕绿原酸提取物为试材,采用FRAP亚铁离子还原能力为考察指标,研究了蒲公英和葵花籽粕来源的绿原酸提取物对抗氧化活性的影响因素,以抗氧化活性的半抑制浓度IC50为复配依据,评价蒲公英绿原酸与葵花籽粕复配品的抗氧化协同增效作用,以期为开发绿色高效的天然抗氧化剂提供参考依据.结果表明:反应体系在pH为4.0、37℃条件下,蒲公英和葵花籽粕绿原酸对FRAP亚铁离子还原能力达到最高,分别为1.11、1.09.蒲公英绿原酸可提高葵花籽粕复配品对FRAP亚铁离子的还原能力,具有抗氧化协同增效作用.     

亮菌多糖ATPS-1b抗衰老作用研究

选用D-半乳糖致衰老模型小鼠,测定血清、肝和脑组织中SOD、MDA、GSH-Px、NO,称小鼠体重,测定胸腺及脾脏指数。结果表明亮菌多糖ATPS-1b能显著提高SOD、GSH-Px活性并降低MDA、NO含量,还能明显增加小鼠体重,抑制胸腺指数和脾脏指数下降,且呈剂量依赖关系。亮菌多糖ATPS-1b具有抗衰老作用,其机制可能与其增强免疫功能,清除氧自由基和活性氧,提高机体抗氧化酶活力有关。     

核桃嫩枝扦插影响因子的研究

为了探索核桃嫩枝扦插影响因子,提高生根率,采用L9(34)正交试验方法,开展嫩枝扦插试验研究.结果 表明,高湿腐烂是影响核桃扦插是否成功的主要因素,插穗基部采用低浓度高锰酸钾浸泡,并补充吲哚丁酸钾和蔗糖,每天少量喷雾保湿,可以实现核桃嫩枝扦插生根率53.33％.最优方案为:基质采用珍珠岩或蛭石,插穗基部在50 mg/L高锰酸钾浸泡12h,然后补充0.04％吲哚丁酸钾和1％蔗糖6h,喷雾间隔时间为6h喷雾1min.     

蚕茧收烘贮环节与内印茧、油茧发生率关系的研究

采用L9(34)正交设计,探讨蚕茧收烘环节的化蛹程度、冲击处理、干燥起始温度、干燥程度等4个因素及贮藏阶段对内印茧、油茧发生率的影响,并分析了这两类茧之间的相关性。结果表明,化蛹程度和冲击处理对内印茧的发生有极显著影响,且因素间交互作用极显著,即化蛹当天采、售茧再加上外力冲击,内印茧发生率可达100%;凡未化蛹者,内印茧率均较低。4个影响因素对油茧的产生也均具统计学意义,若化蛹当天遭遇外力冲击,干燥时低温进烘且升温速度慢,干燥程度10成或偏嫩均将导致油茧率居高。贮藏阶段对油茧发生率有极显著影响(t=5.89,p<0.000 1),且回归分析显示内印茧、油茧之间在发生程度与趋势上有明显的相关性。     

木豆新品种‘CAF7’

 ‘CAF7’是运用单株选择和集团选择育种手段,从云南景东县地方栽培品种中选育出的木豆新品种。生育期181 ~ 190 d,平均单株荚数（863.9 ± 354.5）个,每荚粒数（4.7 ± 0.4）粒,种子百粒质量（7.74 ± 0.42）g,单株粒质量（83.20 ± 63.40）g。     

Oxygen free radical injury of myocardial mitochondria in the experimental type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To study the mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy and abnormality of oxygen free radicals. METHODS: The contents of myocardial cytosolic cytochrome C, mitochondria cytochrome C, mitochondrial calcium, NO, MDA and the activity of SOD and NOS were determined in diabetic rats induced by STZ. The pathological changes were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: Compared to the normal and ganoderma group, the levels of mitochondrial NO, iNOS, MDA, calcium and plasma Cyt-C in rat myocardium were higher (P<0.05), while mitochondrial Cyt-C and SOD were lowered in model group (P<0.05). The bouncary indistinct, disorganization, a focal loss of muscular fibril, myocardium mitochondria swelling, pulmonary vascular endothelial cellular swelling and obstructed lumen of the capillary were also observed under transmission electronic microscope. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that oxyradical and lipid peroxidation might be associated with the damage of myocardial mitochondria in NIDDM rats. Cyt-C and mitochondrial calcium is also involved in the process.     

黄土高原地区水资源承载力动态变化分析——以山西、陕西、宁夏、甘肃4省为例

水资源承载力对地区经济可持续发展和群众生活的物质基础具有重要影响,是达到地区社会、经济和环境不断优化的关键.采用模糊综合评价方法,选取水资源利用率、降水量、人均占有水量和生态用水量为评价指标,对黄土高原4省1994-2004年的水资源承载力进行了综合及分区评价.结果表明:黄土高原4省水资源承载力在1994-2004年总体上呈缓慢上升趋势,说明水资源有向良性发展趋势;陕西和山西省水资源承载力较高,2省水资源开发利用有较大空间,甘肃和宁夏水资源承载力已趋于饱和,实施跨流域调水和节水措施势在必行.     

Adeno-associated virus type 9-mediated p65 silencing inhibits angiotensin II-induced apoptosis of H9c2 cells

AIM: To study the effect of p65 gene silencing by adeno-associated virus type 9 (AAV9)-mediated RNA interference on angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ; 10^-6 mol/L for 24 h)-induced apoptosis of rat ventricular H9c2 myocytes, and to elucidate the possible mechanism. METHODS: The H9c2 cells were transfected with rAAV9-eGFP and rAAV9-eGFP-NF-κB p65-siRNA at multiplicity of infection (MOI)=4×10⁶ vg/cell. eGFP expression in the cells was observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope, and the percentage of eGFP positive cells was determined by flow cytometry. The expression of p65 was determined by Western blot. CCK-8 assay was used to measured the viability of transfected H9c2 cells. The apoptosis of the cells transfected with the virus and with Ang Ⅱ stimulation was analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The cells began to exhibit eGFP expression on the 2nd day after transfection. The fluorescence intensity was increased over the time of transfection. eGFP expression reached the maximum on the 5th day, and the transfection efficiency was (52.7±1.9)% at this time point. Compared with blank control group, no significant effect of AAV9 on the viability of H9c2 cells was observed. In resting state, p65 in the H9c2 cells had a certain activity. After Ang Ⅱ stimulation, the activity of p65 was obviously increased, while transfection of rAAV9-eGFP-NF-κB p65-siRNA effectively inhibited the expression of p65. The apoptosis of H9c2 cells in Ang Ⅱ stimulation group was significantly higher than that in blank control group, while transfection of rAAV9-eGFP-NF-κB p65-siRNA effectively inhibited apoptosis of H9c2 cells. CONCLUSION: Transfection of rAAV9-eGFP-NF-κB p65-siRNA effectively inhibits the expression of p65 gene of NF-κB pathway in the H9c2 cells without causing cell growth inhibition, and reduces the apoptosis induced by Ang Ⅱ.     

油菜素内酯和脱落酸调控葡萄果实花色苷合成的研究

【目的】为研究2,4-表油菜素内酯(2,4-epibrassinolide,EBR)和脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)处理对葡萄花色苷合成与可溶性固形物含量、果皮苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和类黄酮糖基转移酶(UFGT)活性以及果实内源ABA含量的影响,探索油菜素内酯调控葡萄果实成熟及花色苷合成的机理。【方法】以酿酒葡萄‘赤霞珠’(Cabernet Sauvignon)和‘烟73’(Yan 73)为试材,在葡萄转色前分别用0.1、0.4、0.8 mg.L-1EBR,1mg.L-1Brz(brassinazole,BR生物合成抑制剂)和200 mg.L-1ABA,均匀喷施于葡萄果实,在葡萄成熟过程中测定葡萄果皮花色苷含量及PAL和UFGT酶活性,同时测定果实ABA和可溶性固形物含量。【结果】在果实着色初期,‘赤霞珠’和‘烟73’葡萄果皮PAL和UFGT活性及果实内源ABA含量均逐渐升高,当果实接近成熟花色苷含量基本稳定时ABA含量开始降低。与对照相比,0.4mg.L-1EBR和200 mg.L-1ABA处理显著增加了果实内源ABA含量,提高了果皮PAL和UFGT活性,促进了果皮花色苷的合成和果实可溶性固形物的积累。0.1 mg.L-1和0.8 mg.L-1EBR处理总体增加了果实内源ABA含量,促进了花色苷的合成和可溶性固形物的积累,并提高了UFGT和PAL酶活性,但比0.4 mg.L-1EBR处理提高的幅度小,且差异显著。1 mg.L-1Brz处理使果实ABA的合成推迟,果实可溶性固形物含量、果皮PAL和UFGT活性以及花色苷含量均低于对照,但差异不显著。【结论】外源EBR和ABA处理促进了葡萄成熟和花色苷合成,在不同浓度EBR处理中,以0.4 mg.L-1处理效果较好;内源ABA可能参与了EBR对葡萄成熟和花色苷合成的调控。     

Can sieving size affect the determination of soil available micronutrients?

<正>Dear Editor,Globally, approximately two billion people suffer from micronutrient deficiencies(Tulchinsky, 2010; Myers et al.,2014).Soil micronutrient availability is of great importance for the evaluation of soil fertility and the determination of appropriate measures for improving crop quality and human health.The diethylenetriamine-penta-acetic(DTPA)