Neuroprotective effect of fasudil combined with bone marrow-derived neural stem cells on mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

AIM: To explore the neuroprotective effect of fasudil combined with bone marrow-derived neural stem cells (BM-NSCs) on the mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS: Female C57BL/6 mice (8~10 weeks old, n=32) were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG_35-55) to establish chronic EAE model. The mice were randomly divided into control (ddH₂O) group, fasudil group, BM-NSCs group, and fasudil+BM-NSCs group. The clinical score and body weight were recorded every other day. The expression of neurotrophic factors was determined by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: In comparison with ddH₂O group, fasudil combined with BM-NSCs delayed onset and ameliorated severity of EAE. The numbers of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3 and ciliary neurotrophic factor positive cells in fasudil group, BM-NSCs group and fasudil+BM-NSCs group were all increased in various extents. In particularly, the expression of these neurotrophic factors in fasudil+BM-NSCs group was significantly higher than that in the mice treated with fasudil or BM-NSCs alone (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Fasudil combined with BM-NSCs promotes the expression of neurotrophic factors and improves microenvironment of central nervous system, thus playing a positive role in neural restoration and regeneration through a synergistic and superimposed effect.     

Preliminary study of patients with chronic mountain sickness by GC-TOF-MS based serum metabolomics analysis

AIM: To evaluate specific metabolomics profiles in the serum of patients with chronic mountain sickness (CMS) and to explore the potential metabolic biomarkers in the native Tibetans living on the Qinghai-Tibet Pla-teau.METHODS: A gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) approach as a metabolomics technique was used to evaluate metabolic differences. The native Tibetan CMS patients (n=10) and healthy Tibetan controls (n=10) were enrolled from YuShu in Qinghai province in this study. The serum samples were collected and analyzed by GC-TOF-MS coupled with a series of multivariate statistical analyses such as principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA).RESULTS: The intergroup differences between CMS patients and control subjects have been observed. A list of differential metabolites and several top altered metabolic pathways have been identified. The levels of fumaric acid, an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and inosine were highly upregulated in the CMS patients, suggesting a greater effort to hypoxic adaptation in high elevation area. Other differential metabolites, such as methyl phosphate, 2-ketoadipate, lyxose and phytanic acid were also identified. Importantly, the differential metabolites possessed higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) values, indicating an excellent clinical ability for the prediction of CMS. Increased levels of amino acids (isoleucine, glycine, serine, L-cysteine, citrulline and trimethyllysine) were detected in CMS group, yet significantly decreased levels of sulfuric acid, oxamic acid, lyxose and glutamine were also detected in CMS group than those in control group. At the same time, the levels of ribose and glucose-1-phosphate were markedly elevated in CMS group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The metabolic activities are significantly altered in the serum of CMS patients. High altitude hypoxia may act on the disturbed glucose metabolism and amino acid metabolism in part of the Tibetan triggered by CMS.     

桑寄生顽拗性种子发芽影响因素研究

以桑寄生种子为试材,参考《国际种子检验规程》和《种子学》中种子发芽试验的方法,研究了不同发芽床、不同温度、不同光照、不同抑菌处理及不同批次等对种子发芽的影响。结果表明:种子最佳发芽床是纸床;不同温度处理种子发芽率之间差异显著,最佳发芽温度是25~30℃变温培养;光照对种子的萌发无影响;种子不消毒,用灭菌水处理效果最好;不同批次的种子质量有差异,春季的种子优于秋冬季的种子。     

青海野生西藏沙棘果渣黄酮的提取工艺

以青海野生西藏沙棘果实为试材,采用乙醇浸提法,设计单因素试验和正交实验,研究了料液比、提取时间、提取温度、乙醇浓度4个提取参数对总黄酮得率的影响,优化了提取工艺。结果表明:提取黄酮的最佳工艺为料液比1∶60g·mL~(-1)、提取温度65℃、65%乙醇、提取2.0h,对最佳工艺进行验证试验,总黄酮得率达到1.72%。4个因素中提取温度对提取效果影响最大,其次是乙醇浓度,提取时间和料液比对试验无影响。正交实验和验证试验优化了总黄酮提取工艺,该工艺提取率高,操作简便,无毒害,具有可信度。     

不同养分供应量对“玫瑰香”葡萄光合作用及果实生长发育的影响

以4年生"玫瑰香"葡萄为试材,设置改良霍格兰营养液0.5、1.0、1.5倍3个浓度,探讨了不同养分供应量对"玫瑰香"葡萄树体营养生长、光合特性和果实品质的影响。结果表明:不同营养液浓度处理下的新梢长度、粗度和主干基部直径均表现为1.5倍1.0倍0.5倍,0.5倍浓度和1.0倍浓度处理下的净光合速率高于1.5倍浓度,果实的可溶性固形物和花色苷含量均表现为1.0倍浓度处理最大,而可滴定酸含量为1.5倍0.5倍1.0倍。从整体情况来看,适当提高营养液浓度(1.0倍),有利于增加可溶性固形物、降低可滴定酸含量和果实的提前着色;营养液浓度过高时,可溶性固形物含量反而下降,可滴定酸含量增加,不利于提高果实品质和果实风味物质的形成。     

杜梨不定根形成相关基因PbARRO-1的克隆及定量表达分析

以杜梨叶片为试材,采用同源序列和RACE技术克隆了梨ARRO(adventitious rooting related oxygenase)基因,并进行了基因的生物信息学和时空表达分析,以期对梨属植物不定根产生研究提供帮助。结果表明:PbARRO?1基因开放读码框全长831bp,编码276个氨基酸,相对分子量为30.535 9kD,等电点pI为5.53;推导氨基酸序列同源性分析显示该基因与苹果、梅花、毛果杨等具有较高同源性,其中苹果达到92%。荧光实时定量PCR分析表明,该基因在秋子梨根、茎、叶中均有表达,叶片中表达量初期较高,后期较低;茎中表达量则呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在第15天达到峰值,推测PbARRO-1基因与茎上不定根的形成密切相关。     

石膏添加量对平菇熟料栽培的影响

以平菇"新831"为试材,采用棉籽壳熟料栽培的方法,研究0%、1%、2%、3%、4%、5%6种石膏添加量对平菇生长发育、污染率和生物学效率的影响,从而确定平菇熟料栽培的最适石膏添加量。结果表明:菌丝长势随石膏添加量增加而减弱;菌丝长速随石膏添加量增加呈先升后降的趋势,石膏添加量为3%时,菌丝长速最快;添加石膏可显著降低菌袋污染率;平菇生物学效率随石膏添加量增加呈先升后降趋势,石膏添加量为1%时,平菇生物学效率最高。综合各项指标得出,棉籽壳熟料栽培平菇石膏的最适添加量为1%。     

基于Web of Science的土壤微生物研究文献国际发展态势分析

在文献调研、专家咨询和文献计量分析的基础上,对国际土壤微生物研究的发展历程进行了回顾,利用文献计量学方法分析了土壤微生物学研究的主要国家和机构状况,分析了近年来相关研究的学科分布以及热点主题内容,分析了国际土壤微生物研究的发展态势和挑战。结果表明:国际土壤微生物研究的学科分布主要集中在土壤科学、环境科学,而且土壤科学、环境科学、生态学、微生物学、农学生物技术应用微生物学的文献数量达到文献总量75.04%,表明这几个学科领域是土壤微生物研究的前沿热点;热点主题主要集中在土壤微生物多样性、生物量、有机质、土壤碳等方面,总结了这些领域的发展趋势和重点研究方向,并根据分析结果,对我国土壤微生物学领域采取的措施、今后发展的方向提出了建议。     

加工番茄不同播期对瓜列当寄生及其产量的影响

以加工番茄品种‘里格尔87-5’为试材,设计早、中、晚(3月20日、3月30日和4月10日)3个播期,开展盆栽试验和大田试验,分析加工番茄不同播期对瓜列当寄生及其产量的影响。结果表明:番茄晚播(4月10日),瓜列当寄生量及出土量显著减少,危害有所减弱,但对番茄产量影响差异不明显。     

观赏海棠新品种“花冠”的选育

观赏海棠新品种"花冠"是由"绚丽"(‘Radiant’)开放授粉,实生选种育成。树姿直立,生长势强。成熟叶片绿色。花蕾红色,花朵粉红色,花瓣椭圆形,基部离生。每个花序的单花开放后在萼片处仍聚拢,花序似一个花束。平均花冠大小3.8cm,花期13~15d。连续开花结果能力强,果实扁圆形,果面光滑,呈黑红色,降霜后果实仍较硬,经冬不落,观赏性高。适宜于辽宁地区庭院、小区、街路、广场绿化。