Molecular cloning and functional characterization of porcine IFN-beta promoter stimulator 1 (IPS-1)

The IFN-beta promoter stimulator 1 (IPS-1), also known as MAVS/VISA/Cardif, is an adaptor molecule for the retinoic-acid-inducible protein I (RIG-I) or melanoma-differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) that recognizes intracellular double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and triggers a signal for producing type I IFN. In the present study, porcine IPS-1 cDNA was cloned, using RT-PCR coupled with rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)-PCR, from porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The open reading frame of porcine IPS-1 consists of 1575bp encoding 524 amino acids. The putative porcine IPS-1 protein contains a N-terminal CARD-like domain, a central proline-rich domain, a C-terminal transmembrane domain, and exhibits similarity to mouse, rat, monkey, human and cattle counterparts, ranging from 59% to 79%. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that porcine IPS-1 mRNA was widely expressed in different tissues. Porcine kidney (PK-15) cells transfected with a DNA construct encoding porcine IPS-1 produced type I IFN, and activated IRF3 and NF-kappaB. Deletion mutant analyses further revealed that both the CARD-like domain and transmembrane domain are essential for these functions. In addition, poly(I:C)-induced porcine IFN-beta promoter activation in PK-15 cells was significantly reduced by siRNA targeting IPS-1, indicating that IPS-1 is an important immunoregulator in the porcine innate immune system. The availability of porcine IPS-1 and establishment of its function in the type I IFN signaling pathway provides a useful molecule for defining its role during the course of pig infectious diseases.     

代乳料与早期断奶对甘肃仔马鹿生长发育的影响

为了探索科学的饲养管理方法,提高甘肃马鹿的养殖水平,本试验对仔马鹿进行了早期断奶及其代乳料的试验研究。试验采用单因子随机分组设计,将24只60日龄甘肃仔马鹿随机分为4组,其中A、B、D为试验组,C为对照组,自然哺乳。试验组于仔鹿60日龄断奶,进行了30 d饲养试验,结果表明,仔鹿60日龄早期断奶是可行的,试验期内断奶仔鹿未发生腹泻、下痢等疾病。60日龄断奶后,饲喂A、B两组代乳料的效果与自然哺乳C组相近;D组效果则不理想。     

添加葡萄籽等植物提取物对湘云金鲫生长性能及鱼体成分的影响

选用1344尾平均体重为105 g的健康湘云金鲫鱼种。随机分为4个处理,每个处理2个重复。Ⅰ组投喂基础饲料,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组在基础饲料中分别添加4 m g/kg的黄酶素及10、20 g/kg葡萄籽等植物提取物。30 d后测定湘云金鲫的生长性能和鱼体成分。结果显示:Ⅲ组与Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组比较,增重率分别提高53.77%、45.43%、20.16%(P<0.05),饵料系数分别降低33.06%、31.02%、16.44%(P<0.05);鱼体蛋白质含量显著提高(P>0.05),体脂肪含量无显著变化(P>0.05)。因此,葡萄籽等植物提取物作为饲料添加剂能显著提高湘云金鲫的生长性能、降低饵料系数、改善鱼体品质,本试验条件下,其适宜添加量为10 g/kg。     

农三师猪弓形虫病血清学调查与分析

弓形虫病是龚第弓形虫引起的一种人和多种动物共患寄生虫病。本实验通过酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)试验对采自农三师辖区8个团场的不同养殖规模猪场的900份猪血清进行弓形虫病的抗体检测,结果表明猪弓形虫病在我师呈散发性流行。样品阳性率平均为36.33%,各辖区之间的抗体阳性率有一定差异,最高为49.16%,最低为21.33%。初步掌握我师猪弓形虫病的感染状况,为基层的防治工作提供技术指导。     

一例鸭鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的分离鉴定及抗原性分析

对出现精神沉郁、食欲减退、拉稀、脚软和共济失调症状,其后死亡,的鸭病例,进行常规诊断、动物试验,结果分离到一株细菌,命名为GDYJS-1.分离株通过生长特性、凝集试验、染色特性及VITEK-32微生物鉴定系统生化试验鉴定为沙门氏菌;16S rRNA基因序列的测定与分析,鉴定为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌.     

Puerarin improved growth performance and postmortem meat quality by regulating lipid metabolism of cattle under hot environment

This study aims to evaluate the effect of puerarin on performance, meat quality, and serum indexes of beef cattle under hot environment. Thirty-two bulls were divided into four groups and fed diet supplemented with puerarin at 0, 200, 400, or 800 mg/kg. Results showed that heat stress was employed for 54 out of 60 days, 400 mg/kg group declined serum cortisol (COR) contents, all treatments increased the contents of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total superoxide dismutase activity; in addition, glutathione peroxidase activity of 200 mg/kg group were enhanced, only 800 mg/kg group enhanced immunoglobulin (IgA, IgM, and IgG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol contents compared with the control (p < .05). Moreover, 400-mg/kg puerarin increased serum growth hormone levels compared with 200 mg/kg group but declined COR concentrations compared with 200 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg groups (p < .05). More importantly, average daily gain and daily matter intake, and intramuscular fat contents of 400 mg/kg group were enhanced, but the shear force of beef in 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg groups were declined compared with the control (p < .05). These findings indicated that supplemental with puerarin enhanced immune and antioxidant, and 400 mg/kg of puerarin improved performance and meat quality by normalizing levels of stress hormones and increasing intramuscular fat deposition of beef cattle under hot environment.     

内蒙古羊屠宰场致泻性大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌污染状况分析

为了解内蒙古地区羊屠宰场各屠宰环节致泻性大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的携带情况,评估是否存在污染风险,选取不同规模屠宰场,用棉拭子法分别采集不同屠宰环节样品349份,36 h内进行试验;应用PCR方法分离鉴定病原菌,对鉴定为致泻性大肠杆菌的分离株进行16S r DNA测序并构建系统发育树。结果显示:从刚宰杀的羊胴体表面和环境中共分离到致泻性大肠杆菌12株,其中11株携带毒力基因elt,1株携带毒力基因eae和elt;大中型屠宰场(1.21%)的致泻性大肠杆菌阳性率低于小型屠宰场(5.43%),不同规模屠宰场的预冷间均未检出致泻性大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌;从屠宰环境中分离出1株携带inv A基因的沙门氏菌,阳性率为0.29%;经高压冲洗和排酸预冷等屠宰工艺后,在羊胴体表面均未发现致泻性大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌。     

抚育间伐对马尾松生物生产力的影响

对20年生马尾松人工林生物量的研究表明,全林生物量38.42吨/公顷,间伐后年生产量6.49吨/公顷林木根量5.73吨/公顷,相对生长率19.0％,净同化率0.253公斤/米~2·年,生产力水平偏低。林分抚育间伐后,林木的生物生产力得到提高。建立了林木各器官干重与直径树高的8个相关方程,相关系数均在0.92以上。通过叶面积及其生长函数分析,林分密度过高,生长速率降低,建议及时合理地调节林分密度。     

Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter of the ovine myostatin gene (MSTN) and their effect on growth and carcass muscle traits in New Zealand Romney sheep

Myostatin is a negative regulator of muscle growth and development in mammals, and variation in ovine myostatin gene (MSTN) has been demonstrated to be associated with variation in the muscularity of sheep. Polymerase chain reaction–single‐stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR–SSCP) was used to look for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a 304‐bp amplicon from the promoter region of ovine MSTN. Sequence analyses revealed two previously identified SNPs (c.?2449G/C and c. ?2379T/C) that resulted in three haplotypes (H₁ (c.[?2449G; ?2379C]), H₂ (c.[?2449C; ?2379C]) and H₃ (c.[?2449G; ?2379T]). The effect of these SNPs on growth and carcass traits was investigated in 357 NZ Romney lambs. General linear mixed‐effect models revealed that sheep with the genotype c.?2449GC had a higher loin meat yield (p = 0.032) and proportion loin yield (p = 0.028), than those with the genotype c.?2449GG. The genotype c.?2379CC was associated with an increase in three weight traits: birthweight (p = 0.003), tailing weight (p = 0.009) and weaning weight (p = 0.028), when compared with the genotype c.?2379TC, but it was not found to have an association with growth rate. This suggests that c.?2379T/C has an effect that originates at, or before birth. Haplotype H₃ was associated with a decrease in birthweight (p = 0.002), tailing weight (p = 0.003) and weaning weight (p = 0.011). Haplotype H₂ was associated with increased loin yield (p = 0.012) and proportion loin yield (p = 0.002). The SNPs may have value as genetic markers for improved Romney breeding.     

发酵和酶解结合对乳清蛋白抗原性影响的研究

以瑞士乳杆菌为发酵菌种,胃蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶为水解用酶,研究了乳酸菌发酵和蛋白酶酶解结合对乳清中β-乳球蛋白（β-LG）和α-乳白蛋白（α-LA）抗原性的影响。试验结果表明：与直接酶解相比,乳清先经瑞士乳杆菌发酵会促进胃蛋白酶对β-LG和α-LA的降解,提高最终水解液中的游离氨基酸浓度,减少大肽的生成,但β-LG的抗原性仅比直接酶解降低了5%,而α-LA的抗原性反而升高了6%～7%。对于碱性蛋白酶,发酵并没有提高最终水解液中的游离氨基酸浓度,对β-LG和α-LA抗原性也没有显著影响。