Organics captured from comet 81P/Wild 2 by the Stardust spacecraft

Organics found in comet 81P/Wild 2 samples show a heterogeneous and unequilibrated distribution in abundance and composition. Some organics are similar, but not identical, to those in interplanetary dust particles and carbonaceous meteorites. A class of aromatic-poor organic material is also present. The organics are rich in oxygen and nitrogen compared with meteoritic organics. Aromatic compounds are present, but the samples tend to be relatively poorer in aromatics than are meteorites and interplanetary dust particles. The presence of deuterium and nitrogen-15 excesses suggest that some organics have an interstellar/protostellar heritage. Although the variable extent of modification of these materials by impact capture is not yet fully constrained, a diverse suite of organic compounds is present and identifiable within the returned samples.     

Activating mutations of NOTCH1 in human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Very rare cases of human T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) harbor chromosomal translocations that involve NOTCH1, a gene encoding a transmembrane receptor that regulates normal T cell development. Here, we report that more than 50% of human T-ALLs, including tumors from all major molecular oncogenic subtypes, have activating mutations that involve the extracellular heterodimerization domain and/or the C-terminal PEST domain of NOTCH1. These findings greatly expand the role of activated NOTCH1 in the molecular pathogenesis of human T-ALL and provide a strong rationale for targeted therapies that interfere with NOTCH signaling.     

鹅膏菌产抑菌物质培养条件优化及安全性分析

经前期试验验证鹅膏菌菌株AV对杨树烂皮病病原菌金黄壳囊孢菌有抑制作用,通过比色法和生物量测定结果得出其抑菌物质产生的最佳营养条件.在供试营养物质中,乳糖为最佳碳源,蛋白胨为最佳氮源,方差分析结果表明,碳源是鹅膏菌AV生物量及其抑菌物质产生的最主要影响因素,与其他营养元素差异显著(α=0.05).培养基最佳组合为:①乳糖30.0 g/L,蛋白胨0.5 g/L,MgSO41.5 g/L,KH2PO44.5g/L;②乳糖10.00 g/L,蛋白胨0.50g/L,MgSO40.75 g/L,KH2PO44.50 g/L;③乳糖30.0 g/L,蛋白胨2.0 g/L,MgSO41.50 g/L,KH2PO43.0 g/L.液体发酵培养时,菌株AV产生抑菌活性物质的最适培养条件为:pH值5～6,温度25℃,接种量1.25％,装液量50％,摇床转数180 r/min,培养时间20d.当温度超过75℃,pH大于9或小于4时,或者紫外照射时间超过4h都会使抑菌物质活性降低.小鼠毒性试验结果表明,小鼠饲喂菌株AV菌丝体,LD50为418.70 mg/kg,95％可信限为453.11～386.90 mg/kg,抑菌物质控制在2 g/L以内对小鼠无影响,因此,在进行病原菌防治时,为减少对环境中其他生物的影响,菌株AV抑菌物质质量浓度应低于2 g/L.     

DETERMINATION OF ULTRA-VIOLET LIGHT ABSORPTION BY CERTAIN BACTERIOPHAGES

The absorption of ultra-violet light by three bacteriophages C13, C16 and C36, prepared with a strain of Escherichia communior has been determined. Each bacteriophage preparation showed a characteristic absorption curve, when the wave-length was plotted against the photographic density. Crude bacteriophage preparations absorbed more light than one such preparation obtained in a purer state, but the wavelength of maximum absorption remained the same.