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51.
52.
Kevin Kline PhD Leonard P. Frey PhD Jonathan H. Foreman DVM MS Joseph T. Lyman DVM MS 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2005,25(8):349-354
Changes in blood gases, pH, and plasma electrolyte concentrations in response to intravenously infused sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and sodium acetate (NaCH3CO2) solutions (1.34 mEq/mL) in 5 light breed mares were investigated. Jugular venous blood samples were collected before and after completion of the infusions in 20-minute intervals for 200 minutes. Infusion of sodium bicarbonate and sodium acetate caused significant (P < .00l) increases in blood pH and bicarbonate ion concentration that persisted throughout the collection period. The elevation in blood pH and bicarbonate ion concentrations was greater (P < .01) for sodium bicarbonate than for sodium acetate immediately after the completion of the infusions but was not different (P > .05) thereafter. There were significant reductions (P < .01) in plasma-ionized calcium and potassium after infusion of both sodium bicarbonate and sodium acetate. This study found that significant metabolic alkalosis in horses and corresponding shifts in electrolyte concentrations can be induced by intravenous infusion of solutions of either sodium bicarbonate or sodium acetate, and they persist for at least 3 hours. These data show that the short-term elevation in pH and bicarbonate ion concentration is momentarily higher after infusion of sodium bicarbonate. This is likely due to the direct infusion of bicarbonate ions in the sodium bicarbonate treatment, such that further metabolism is not required to be effective. However, the longer-term alkalosis did not differ between isomolar solutions of sodium bicarbonate and sodium acetate. 相似文献
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Sandy I. Wang DVM Kyle G. Mathews DVM MS Ian D. Robertson BVSc Marty Stebbins DVM PhD Brian J. Trumpatori BS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2005,46(1):39-43
Acetabular angles (AAs) and dorsal acetabular rim angles acquired by computed tomographic (CT) imaging have been used to assess patient response to juvenile pubic symphysiodesis surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of patient positioning and slice selection on these angles, and an attempt was made to devise a repeatable method of measuring these angles that would eliminate positioning effects. We found significant variation in AAs with small differences in pelvic tilt and slice selection. Dorsal acetabular rim angles were not affected. As a result of positioning differences from one CT study to the next, every attempt should be made to standardize pelvic tilt, or eliminate its effect on AAs by standardizing gantry angle in relation to an anatomic landmark that will not change over time. The floor of the sacral vertebral canal may be a reasonable landmark for this purpose and deserves further study. 相似文献
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Verbeylen Goedele De Bruyn Luc Adriaensen Frank Matthysen Erik 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(8):791-805
In determining isolation effects in fragmented populations, the landscape matrix is not often considered. Usually simple distance
measures are used to quantify degree of isolation. We tested the effect of the matrix on the presence of red squirrels in
354 wooded patches in the Brussels Region, by comparing several isolation measures. These were 1) distance to the nearest
source patch, 2) the Hanski-measure (a combination of distance to and size of all possible sources), 3) effective distances
calculated from different least cost models using the ArcView grid extension ‘Cost Distance’ (a combination of distance and
resistance of the landscape, with different resistances for different landscape types) and 4) some combinations of the Hanski-measure
and the effective distances. Size and quality of the target patches were always included in the tests of the predictive power
of different isolation measures on squirrel presence/absence. All variables examined (patch size, quality and isolation) significantly
influenced squirrel presence. Models using the effective distances gave the best results. Models including the Hanski-measure
improved significantly when Euclidean distance was replaced by effective distance, showing that parameterisation of matrix
resistance added significant additional explanatory power when modelling squirrel presence.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Melanie C. Wergin Med. Vet. Kurt Ballmer-Hofer PhD Malgorzata Roos PhD Roger E. Achermann Med. Vet. Natalie Inteeworn Med. Vet. Margarete K. Akens Med. Vet. Hans Blattmann PhD Barbara Kaser-Hotz Dr. Med. Vet. 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(3):247-254
High plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations are associated with radiation resistance and poor prognosis. After an exposure to ionizing radiation in cell culture an early phase and a late phase of increased VEGF have been documented. The activation was dependent on the radiation dose. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure baseline plasma VEGF and changes in VEGF over the course of fractionated radiation therapy in dogs with spontaneous tumors. Dogs with tumors had a significantly higher pretreatment plasma VEGF than did dogs without tumors. Immediately after irradiation no increased plasma VEGF was observed. Over the course of radiation therapy there was an increased plasma VEGF in dogs treated with low doses per fraction/high total dose, whereas plasma VEGF remained stable in dogs irradiated with high doses per fraction/low total dose. The regulatory mechanisms are very complex, and therefore the value of plasma VEGF measurements as an indirect marker of angiogenesis induced by radiotherapy is limited. 相似文献
59.
F. Audigié DVM PhD J. Tapprest DVM PhD C. George DVM D. Didierlaurent N. Foucher F. Faurie DVM M. Houssin DVM J.-M. Denoix DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(3):210-215
The purpose of this paper was to correlate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of a mature brain abscess in a horse with histopathologic alterations of brain tissue. Eight months after the onset of clinical signs, MRI of the brain of a 10-month-old filly was performed. A large space-occupying lesion in the right cerebral hemisphere was identified. This space-occupying lesion was delineated by a thick and well-defined capsule that was isointense to brain parenchyma on the T1-weighted images and with a markedly hypointense on the T2-weighted images. The identification of such a capsule is highly diagnostic of a mature brain abscess. The lesion seen on MR images was confirmed at necropsy where a large abscess of the right hemisphere was observed. Streptococcus zooepidemicus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from the abscess. Based on histopathologic examination, the signal characteristics of the capsule on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images were found to be due to the presence of numerous hemosiderin-laden macrophages. These results are in agreement with previous studies on human patients. This report confirms the value of MRI in the diagnosis of equine brain diseases. 相似文献
60.
Benjamin Brault DVM James Hoskinson DVM Laura Armbrust DVM George Milliken PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(4):298-304
The purpose of this study was to evaluate seven digital cameras for their ability to adequately capture quality radiographic images and their relative cost effectiveness. Radiographs of line pair (LP) phantoms (ranging from 0.6 to 16.6 LP/mm) and a 20-step contrast phantom were photographed at a near distance of 30.0 cm and a far distance (determined for each camera) at which a full 14 x 17 in film filled the viewfinder. Of the seven cameras tested, the Canon EOS-D30 consistently performed the best in LP/mm resolved (7.7 at close distance, 1.4 at far distance) and in contrast latitude (all 20 steps at both close and far distances). The Canon EOS-D30, determined to be the best camera used in this study for photographing radiographic images, is also the most expensive camera that was used. Two cameras, the Nikon Coolpix 995 and the Sony DSC-F707, were very close to the Canon in performance at considerably less cost. Certain inexpensive cameras may not be acceptable choices for teleradiology. 相似文献