4个国外接骨木属种质资源引种与生物学特性研究

为探讨4个接骨木品种在河南省郑州地区的引种表现及适应性,2015—2019年定期观测引种的‘金叶’、‘金羽’、‘花叶’、‘紫云’4个国外接骨木品种,采用层次分析法进行性状评价。研究结果表明,露地栽培中,引种的4个接骨木品种均可在郑州地区正常生长、开花、结果。4个接骨木品种均生长健壮,枝繁叶茂,花期较长,较耐低温。以观赏性、适应性、生长特性权重分配分别为0.4、0.3、0.3进行综合分析评价,综合分值表现为‘金叶’接骨木>‘花叶’接骨木>‘金羽’接骨木>‘紫云’接骨木。由此可见,4种接骨木均具有较高的观赏价值和适应性,可广泛用于郑州地区城市园林绿化和美化。     

仔猪轮状病毒感染与乳糖不耐受症的临床检测

[目的]探讨轮状病毒感染与乳糖不耐受症的临床相关性,为建立适用于规模化养猪场的仔猪轮状病毒感染检测方法提供理论依据.[方法]随机选择腹泻仔猪和健康仔猪各63头,采用醋酸铅—氢氧化铵法和pH试纸法分别检测仔猪粪便的乳糖和pH值,粪便乳糖大于或等于++且pH≤5.5为继发性乳糖不耐受症;然后运用猪轮状病毒诊断试剂检测乳糖不耐受病例的猪轮状病毒感染情况.[结果]与健康仔猪相比,腹泻仔猪粪便乳糖大于或等于++为36例,其中pH≤5.5有23例,即发生乳糖不耐受症的病例23例,占总腹泻仔猪数的36.51%.对23例乳糖不耐受病例进行轮状病毒感染检测,结果发现仔猪继发性乳糖不耐受症与猪感染轮状病毒所引起腹泻的吻合率高达100%.[结论]由猪轮状病毒所引起的仔猪腹泻,多会发生继发性乳糖不耐受症,采用醋酸铅—氢氧化铵法能及时鉴别诊断猪轮状病毒感染,且具有廉价、方便、快捷等优势,适合在基层猪场大规模使用.     

Inheritance of resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae and genetic correlations with fruit characters in a diploid Actinidia chinensis (kiwifruit) population

Bacterial canker of kiwifruit, caused by a virulent strain of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), has resulted in serious damage to kiwifruit industry worldwide. The variability and inheritance of resistance to Psa and fruit characters in a disconnected factorial mating population of diploid Actinidia chinensis Planch were investigated. Significant variation in all characters was found, and this appeared to be under polygenic control. Results indicated the extent and nature of genetic variation in Psa resistance available in our breeding gene pool. Estimates of narrow-sense heritability were moderate-high to high for Psa resistance, fruit weight, dry matter content (DM) and soluble solids contents (SSC), but low for fruit number per vine. The moderate-high heritability for Psa resistance indicated a genetic control of the observed variation, and selection for Psa resistance could be possible. Psa resistance had a high negative genetic correlation with fruit number per vine, but a moderate positive correlation with fruit weight, DM and SSC. The results implied that yield penalty of Psa resistance might exist in kiwifruit. Thus, selection strategies based on Psa resistance need to take account of its negative correlation with fruit number per vine. Male and female parents useful for improving Psa resistance and fruit characters simultaneously were identified. Two full-sib families were outstanding, as they combined high degrees of resistance to Psa with high yield components and reasonable amounts of DM and SSC.     

洞庭湖湿地生态系统及其评价

洞庭湖湿地是我国最重要的湿地生态系统之一,它包括了河流、淡水湖泊、淡水沼泽、以树木为主的湿地生态系统以及以芦苇为主的沼泽湿地生态系统等子系统。文章在论述洞庭湖区自然生态系统的基础上从湿地生态系统的功能性、多样性、特殊性和脆弱性等方面进行了评价。     

Synthesis of new amino acid-type amphoteric surfactants from tall oil fatty acid

Two new amino acid-type amphoteric surfactants — disodiumN-(2-fatty acyl amino) ethyliminodiacetate and disodiumN-(2-fatty acyl amino) ethyl-N,N-bis[3-(2-hydroxy) propylsulfonate] amine — were synthesized using tall oil fatty acids as the raw material. Suitable processing conditions for synthesizing the intermediates and final products were probed. In addition, the chemical structures of the intermediates and the final products were identified by infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and elemental analysis.     

南京市攀援植物在立体绿化中的造景应用

攀援植物是指不能自由直立生长,需要借助于其他植物或支撑物的支持才能向上生长的植物的总称。它在现代城市绿化,特别是城市立体绿化中运用十分广泛。本文对南京市立体绿化中常用的攀援植物进行了调查统计分析,就攀援植物墙面绿化、棚架绿化、篱栏绿化、立柱绿化和悬蔓式绿化5种主要的造景形式在南京市主城区的应用展开探讨,以期为将来攀援植物的园林应用提供参考。     

大豆新品种泉豆7号的生产试种简报

泉豆7号系泉州市农科所选育的高产、优质春大豆新品种,具有丰产、稳产、优质、适应性广、抗逆性好等优点,生育期105天左右。2005年通过福建省农作物品种审定,2006年通过国家农作物品种审定。在福建、广东、广西、江西等地采用配套技术栽培,产量达2250kg／hm^2以上,比柳豆1号和莆豆8008均增产10％以上。生产上要适时早播、合理密植、科学管理。     

防治水稻二化螟药剂筛选试验

为明确目前较常用的一些药剂对二化螟的防治效果,筛选出高效、低毒、安全的药剂应用于水稻生产,选择氯虫苯甲酰胺等8种药剂在水稻破口期进行防治二化螟田间试验。结果表明。20％氯虫苯甲酰胺SC10ml／667m^2、10％氟虫双酰胺SC25ml／667m^2、2％甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐EC20ml／667m^2、1．8％阿维菌素EC100ml/667m^2对二化螟都有较好的防治效果。是当前防治二化螟比较理想的药剂,值得在今后生产上大力推广应用。18％杀虫双水剂250ml／667m^2对水稻二化螟的防治效果较差。不宜在生产中使用。     

北京地区早熟禾属植物种质资源研究

为收集优良的草坪种质资源,对北京地区野生早熟禾属(Poa L.)植物资源进行了实地考察。北京共有早熟禾属植物20种1个亚种,其中7个种及1个亚种为新分布,西部和北部山区早熟禾属植物物种分布较为丰富,尤其是东灵山、百花山、海坨山及喇叭沟门。从垂直分布看,草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.)为广布种,从平原到高海拔地区均有分布。硬质早熟禾(Poasphondylodes Trin.)在低山区常见,其他物种主要分布在海拔1000 m以上的地区。通过研究23份来自不同居群的草地早熟禾花序特征,发现不同居群的花序性状间存在较大的变异,花序基部最短分枝长的变异最大,花序小穗数次之。     

浙江省遂昌县毛竹雨雪冰冻灾害调查

简述了遂昌县毛竹雨雪冰冻害灾害损失调查的调查方法、结果,对影响灾害程度的主要因子进行了分析,并提出了今后生产建议。