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61.
Wolf J Vítek M Herrendörfer G Sumpf D 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》1994,111(1-6):209-212
SUMMARY: Correct equations are given to express the parameter estimates of four models for complete diallels as a function of the parameter estimates in the model of Eisen et al. (1983). In recent literature these equations have been partly incorrect. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Korrekte Gleichungen für den Vergleich von Modellen in der Diallelanalyse Für die Darstellung der Parametersch?tzwerte von vier Modellen für vollst?ndige Diallele als Funktion der Parametersch?tzwerte des Modells von Eisen et al. (1983), die in der Literatur teilweise fehlerhaft erfolgte, werden korrekte Formeln angegeben. 相似文献
62.
63.
水稻白叶枯病自发现到现在已有90年的历史。由于发生地区广泛,为害严重,各国对此病曾做了大量研究。日本对它已研究了半个多世纪,我国也有二十多年的研究经历。但对其侵染来源和传播途径,仍有不同看法。我国最初认为种子传病是首要的。但在病区单抓种子处理还不能收到预期效果,又认为病稻草是病区次年的主要菌源。近年来,又发现在严格处理病革、病种子的情况下,仍然发病,故怀疑除上述两种传播途径外,还有其它传播途径。关于杂草传病问题,日本已进行了多年的研究,但和我国国内一样,对杂草带菌传病问题,意见很不一致。我们认为对这一传播途径有彻底弄清的必要,它不仅关系到一个病的侵染循环问题,而且直接关系到对白叶枯病的彻底防治。如果这一传播途径确实存在,我们若不承认它,在防治上就会出现大的漏洞。如果白叶枯病确与杂草无关,盲目地采用相应的措施,也是多余而毫无意义的。这次试验是采用较直接的“离心浓缩针刺接种法”,其结果:第一年证实有马唐等六种杂草、黄豆和水稻根部能够带菌;第二年证实有车前等三种杂草和水稻根不仅带菌,而且可越冬并存活到次年五月;第三年又证实在不同地区有马唐,狗牙根等四种杂草能够带菌越冬,并存活到次年五月中旬。另外,用病区杂草和水稻健苗混栽,结果稻苗上发病,而对照的不发病。通过三年来的试验研究,证实有数种杂草的根茎部不仅带菌,而且能传病。 相似文献
64.
Bacillary rickettsia-like organisms (BRLO) were found in the tick Dermacentor marginatus. They are gram-negative and differ from common bacteria and reckettsiae both in the cultivation conditions and morphology. BRLO are non-pathogenic for ticks and guinea pigs. In our studies they were isolated on half-engorged females of D. marginatus, on which they are still maintained. 相似文献
65.
J Marcaník J Kocisová K Bod'a T Pauer M Belák R Skarda 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1976,26(11):757-763
Histological and histochemical studies were carried out on the gastro-intestinal mucosa of three experimental cows (roughages/maize silage) and three control animals. The animals were slaughtered on termination of the long-term trial. Mucosa samples were taken, for further study, from the rumen, the duodenum, the jejunum, the large intestine and the appendix. Histochemical analysis did not reveal any essential differences in the activities of non-specific esterase, alkaline and acid phosphatase and lactic acid dehydrogenase in the mucosa of the rumen, the large and the small intestine and the appendix of both the experimental animals and the controls. The experimental animals were found to exhibit a higher rate of glutamate-dehydrogenase activity in the ruminal mucosa and in the mucosa of the large and small intestine. A higher succinate dehydrogenase activity was observed in the ruminal mucosa of the experimental animals, relative to that of the controls, while the activity in the intestinal mucosa was decreased. Only slight changes were noted in the activity of the enzymatic systems tested. Electron microscopic studies did not reveal any differences in the ultrastructure of the epithelial cells of the ruminal mucosa in both the experimental animal and the controls. 相似文献
66.
The protective effect of a lyophilized vaccine against Marek's disease ("Keramvac"--Pfizer), prepared from a cell-free turkey's herpesvirus (strain FC 126), was compared in field trials with losses in the group of non-vaccinated chickens. Under the indicated conditions, the vaccine had only a 50.86% effectiveness. The possible causes of the reduced vaccination effect are discussed with regard to the pathomorphological and virological findings suggesting, among others, an increased incidence of the symptoms of the classical form of Marek's disease in the population investigated. 相似文献
67.
The results of 5732 records of kids born between 1985 and 1996 at Gardel Agricultural Experiment Station (INRA) in Guadeloupe, were used in order to estimate the effect of kidding day (KD) on individual preweaning growth performances, total productivity of Creole goats and litter size. The flock was subjected to a restricted mating season for a long time, by using male effect. The results of the fixed linear model showed a highly significant (P<0.001) effect of KD on growth rate and total productivity of does. Live weights of kids born around the 21st day of the kidding period (KP) was 4% to 7% higher than those of kids born the first day of the KP. For total productivity of does, this ratio did not reached more than 4%. The optimum at 70 days of age occurred around 14th day of the KD with 3% of improvement of total productivity. No effect was observed upon litter size. The genetic (co)variance components were estimated by six different Individual Animal Models. The heritability (h2) estimated from the best model, was hD2=0.25±0.05 for genetic direct effect; hM2=0.09±0.04 for genetic maternal effect and the genetic correlation between direct and maternal effects was −0.86±0.12. The use of KD could be highly recommended in a breeding program in this population of Creole meat goats, since it is quite easy to record under commercial conditions as a character related to reproductive performance. 相似文献
68.
Bhupender Singh Fernando Saravia Renée B?ge Heriberto Rodríguez-Martínez 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2005,46(1):1-12
Hormonal asynchronies during oestrus, related to the presence of suprabasal plasma-progesterone (P4) concentrations and a delayed ovulation, interfere with the fertility of repeat-breeder heifers (RBH). Since tubal dysfunction can occur in connection with hormonal asynchronies and constrained availability of fertile spermatozoa at the time of ovulation, the present study tested the hypothesis that frequent sperm deposition from onset of oestrus to ovulation may improve pregnancy rates in RBH. Five RBH and five virgin heifers (VH; controls) were repeatedly artificially inseminated (AI) at 6 h intervals from onset of oestrus to spontaneous ovulation. Hormone analyses revealed suprabasal P4 concentrations and a delay in the occurrence of the luteinising hormone (LH) surge, but a normal cortisol profile in RBH. Compared with controls, RBH presented longer interval from onset of oestrus to ovulation, and therefore, received more AIs. Pregnancy rates in RBH reached control levels (60%; NS), indicating that the hypothesis might be correct. Pregnancy rates in VH were below the expected range, presumably attributed to a deleterious influence of the frequent handling. The study suggests that pregnancy rates can be improved in RBH by frequent AI in relation to spontaneous ovulation. However, this practice of repeated manipulations, while seeming not to show adverse effects, lacks practicality for routine use. 相似文献
69.
70.
从甜瓜子叶中提取总DNA 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
用分子标记方法检测甜瓜杂交种子纯度,如果从真叶中提取DNA,检测周期至少需要15d。为了缩短检测周期,我们分别以甜瓜的成熟干种子、吸胀水后“露白”种子、3d龄刚转绿子叶、6d龄子叶、9d龄子叶和12d龄子叶为材料,进行了提取总DNA的研究。结果表明:除了干种子和吸胀水后“露白”种子外,其他的材料都可以提取到DNA,但是DNA的质量因子叶日龄不同而存在很大的差异。不同日龄的子叶中,以3d龄子叶提取的DNA质量好。子叶6d龄时,提取的DNA质量次于3d龄,少量DNA开始出现降解,以后随着子叶日龄的增加,DNA降解加重。另外,与以真叶为材料提取的DNA样品相比较,子叶DNA样品中的蛋白质等杂质含量高,应增加氯仿抽提纯化次数。 相似文献