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921.
Posner LP Asakawa M Erb HN 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2008,232(12):1841-1843
OBJECTIVE-To determine morbidity and fatalities in cats with hepatic lipidosis that received propofol to facilitate placement of a feeding tube. STUDY DESIGN-Retrospective case series. ANIMALS-44 Cats with presumed primary hepatic lipidosis anesthetized for placement of a feeding tube. PROCEDURES-Medical records from January 1995 through December 2004 were reviewed to identify cats that matched the inclusion criteria (histologic confirmation of hepatic lipidosis, anesthetized for placement of feeding tube, complete intensive care unit [ICU] records, and recorded outcome). Data extracted included age, body weight, sex, anesthetic drugs, drug dosages, type of feeding tube, duration of anesthesia, number of hours in ICU, administration of blood products, and survival until discharge from ICU. RESULTS-44 Cats (21 females and 23 males) were included in the analysis. Age range was 3 to 15 years (median, 8 years), and body weight ranged from 1.8 to 9.0 kg (4.0 to 19.8 lb), with a median of 4.8 kg (10.6 lb). Twenty-seven cats were administered propofol. There was no significant association between the use of propofol or the dosage of propofol and any risk factor, need for blood products, number of hours in the ICU, or survival. There was no significant difference between cats that received propofol and cats that did not receive propofol with regard to interval until discharge from the ICU. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE-The use of propofol did not increase morbidity or fatalities in cats with primary hepatic lipidosis. Thus, propofol can be used in these cats for placement of a feeding tube. 相似文献
922.
The use of cultured hepatocytes from goats and cattle to investigate xenobiotic oxidative metabolism
C. Montesissa P. Anfossi G. Van't Klooster M. Mengelers 《Veterinary research communications》1996,20(5):449-460
The oxidative metabolism of aldicarb (ALD), a carbamate pesticide, and fenbendazole (FBZ), an anthelmintic, was studied using cultured hepatocytes obtained from 4 goats and a bullock and incubated with ALD (50 mol/L) and FBZ (10 mol/L). The parent compounds and the metabolites were measured by HPLC. Both compounds are metabolized at the sulphur atom via two sequential oxidations, first to the sulphoxide (aldicarb sulphoxide and oxfendazole, respectively) and then to the sulphone. Oxfendazole and fenbendazole sulphone from FBZ, and aldicarb sulphoxide from ALD were found in both species. Aldicarb sulphone was not produced by the hepatocyte preparations from the bullock. The good correlation obtained comparing the in vitro results of FBZ metabolism with published in vivo dat obtained on FBZ kinetics in the same species confirmed the usefulness of in vitro models for predictive analysis of in vivo xenobiotic biotransformations.Abbreviations ALD
aldicarb
- ALDSON
aldicarb sulphone
- ALDSOX
aldicarb sulphoxide
- BSA
bovine serum albumin
- ID
internal diameter
- EGTA
ethylene glycol bis(-aminoethyl ether) N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid
- FBZ
fenbendazole
- FBZSON
fenbendazole sulphone
- HBSS
Hanks' balanced saline solution
- HPLC
high-pressure liquid chromatography
- LDH
lactate dehydrogenase
- MFO
mixed function oxidase
- NCS
newborn calf serum
- OXF
oxfendazole
- WME
Williams' Medium E 相似文献
923.
924.
Amino Acids in Farm Animal Nutrition. Edited by J. P. F. D'Mello. 1994. 417 pp. £55.00 Wallingford, Oxon, CAB International. ISBN 0 85198 8814
Avian Hematology and Cytology. Terry W. Campbell. 1995. 104 pp. Illustrated. £48.00. Ames, Iowa State University Press. ISBN 0 8138 2970 4. 相似文献
925.
Capcarova M Slamecka J Abbas K Kolesarova A Kalafova A Valent M Filipejova T Chrastinova L Ondruska L Massanyi P 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(3):459-465
The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of Rhus coriaria L. inclusion to the diet on some biochemical, haematological parameters and the level of antioxidant status of male rabbits. Adult rabbits were divided into five groups: one control (C) and four experimental groups. Experimental animals received sumac per os in feed in various doses (0.50%, 0.75%, 1.00% and 1.50%) for 90 days. Significant increase in PDWc (platelet distribution width) in E3 group when compared with control group was recorded. Sumac administration resulted in decreased cholesterol levels in all experimental groups vs. control group. Significantly lower level of cholesterol was found in E4 group with highest dose of sumac (1.50%). Higher values of total antioxidant status (TAS) and albumins were observed in all experimental groups in comparison with control group. A significant increase in TAS was detected in group E1 and E4. Concentrations of albumins were significantly higher in groups E3 and E4 vs. control group. Sumac administration had no significant effect on bilirubin content. In conclusion, these results show a positive effect of sumac consumption on antioxidant status and cholesterol level in adult male rabbits. 相似文献
926.
Govendir M Hanger J Loader JJ Kimble B Griffith JE Black LA Krockenberger MB Higgins DP 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2012,35(2):147-154
Nine mature koalas with chlamydiosis, typically keratoconjunctivitis and/or urogenital tract infection, were treated with daily subcutaneous injections of chloramphenicol at 60 mg/kg for 45 days (five koalas), or for a shorter duration (four koalas). All koalas were initially positive for Chlamydia pecorum as determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Plasma chloramphenicol concentrations were determined at t = 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h after the day 1 injection (nine koalas) and after the day 15 injection (seven koalas). Chloramphenicol reached a median (and range) maximum plasma concentration of 3.03 (1.32-5.03 μg/mL) at 4 (1-8 h) after the day 1 injection and 4.82 (1.97-27.55 μg/mL) at 1 (1-2 h) after day 15. The median (and range) of AUC(0-24) on day 1 and day 15 were 48.14 (22.37-81.14 μg·h/mL) and 50.83 (28.43-123.99 μg·h/mL), respectively. The area under the moment curve (AUMC)(0-24) median (and range) for day 1 and day 15 were 530.03 (233.05-798.97 h) and 458.15 (291.72-1093.58 h), respectively. Swabs were positive for chlamydial DNA pretreatment, and all koalas except one, produced swabs negative for chlamydial DNA during treatment and which remained so, for 2-63 days after treatment, however whether chloramphenicol treatment prevented long-term recrudescence of infection was not established. At this dose and dosing frequency, chloramphenicol appeared to control mild chlamydial infection and prevent shedding, but severe urogenital disease did not appear to respond to chloramphenicol at this dosage regime. For koalas affected by severe chlamydiosis, antibiotics alone are not sufficient to effect a cure, possibly because of structural or metabolic changes associated with chronic disease and inflammation. 相似文献
927.
Tamzali Y Borde L Rols MP Golzio M Lyazrhi F Teissie J 《Equine veterinary journal》2012,44(2):214-220
Reasons for performing study: Sarcoids are the commonest form of equine skin tumour. Several therapeutic measures have been described but none is considered to be universally effective. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a new anticancer therapy that utilises electrical field pulses to induce increased cell membrane permeability to antitumour hydrophilic drugs, such as cisplatin. The increased intracellular concentration of the drugs has a significant therapeutic benefit. The procedure has not been previously reported in a large number of horses. Objective: To validate ECT as a novel alternative treatment for equine sarcoids. Methods: A retrospective study evaluating the efficacy of cisplatin ECT in the treatment of equine sarcoids was performed. Electrochemotherapy treatments were applied under general anaesthesia at 2 week intervals with or without prior excision or debulking. Electric pulses were directly applied to the lesions following intra‐tumoural injections of an aqueous solution of cisplatin. Results: One‐hundred‐and‐ninety‐four sarcoids on 34 horses, 2 ponies, 11 donkeys and one mule were treated with ECT. The 4 year nonrecurrence rate was 97.9% for animals (47/48) and 99.5% (193/194) for tumours. When ECT was used as a single treatment, a significant influence of tumour size (ρ= 0.55) on the number of treatments required for cure was shown. When prior surgery was performed, there was a significant influence (P<0.001) of the excision quality (complete or incomplete) and the healing mode (closed or open wound) on the number of treatments. The most common adverse effect was a slight oedematous reaction for lesions located on thin skin regions. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Results demonstrate that ECT, with or without concurrent tumour debulking, is an effective alternative for treatment of equine sarcoids. 相似文献
928.
AIM: To determine the contribution of Neospora caninum to abortions on a dairy farm in NSW (Australia), determine the mode of transmission and develop and trial a control option for infection. METHODS: Two whole herd bleeds were conducted 12 months apart and the association between serological status and abortion events were calculated for a number of bovine abortifacients. Family trees were constructed for N. caninum seropositive cattle in the herd. Some N. caninum seropositive cows were culled from the herd and no female offspring was retained from seropositive cows. RESULTS: At the first whole-herd bleed in December 2002 a seroprevalence of 10.2% for N. caninum infection was detected. Cows with N. caninum infection were 13 times more likely to abort than uninfected ones. Seventy-five percent of seropositive animals in the herd were related, suggesting a high degree of congenital infection/transmission. Only 15% of infections were likely to be postnatally acquired. Selective culling of seropositive cows and not breeding from them reduced the number of seropositive animals. Only one newly sero-converted cow was detected at the second whole-herd bleed 12 months later. CONCLUSIONS: Seroepidemiological approaches were able to establish a high degree of association between N. caninum infection and low-level abortion in the dairy herd. Vertical transmission of infection was the predominant mode of infection and hence control efforts aimed at selectively culling seropositive animals from the herd were highly successful in reducing the level of infection. 相似文献
929.
Maldonado J Segalés J Martínez-Puig D Calsamiglia M Riera P Domingo M Artigas C 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,169(3):23-456
The objective of the present study was to determine the presence of recognised abortifacient viruses such as porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV), Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), porcine parvovirus (PPV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), in tissues from aborted fetuses and stillborn neonates in cases of late reproductive failure in swine. A total of 293 specimens (fetuses aborted in the last third of gestation and stillborn piglets) from 100 different cases of late-term abortions and premature farrowing from 15 different Spanish provinces were studied. PRRSV was detected in 9/100 cases by RT-PCR. Only 1/100 cases analysed (corresponding to a late-term aborted fetus with a negative PRRSV RT-PCR result) was positive for PCV2 by PCR. Neither ADV (monitored by viral isolation plus antigen detection) nor PPV (monitored by ELISA antigen capture test) infection was identified. The results suggest that PRRSV is one of the most important infectious agents, if not the most relevant one, associated with fetal infection leading to abortion or premature farrowing in Spain. Moreover, other viral pathogens such as ADV, PPV and PCV2 seem to have a minor impact on reproductive disease. 相似文献
930.
Mama KR Wagner AE Steffey EP Kollias-Baker C Hellyer PW Golden AE Brevard LF 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(6):1002-1007
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of xylazine and ketamine for total i.v. anesthesia in horses. ANIMALS: 8 horses. PROCEDURE: Anesthetic induction was performed on 4 occasions in each horse with xylazine (0.75 mg/kg, i.v.), guaifenesin (75 mg/kg, i.v.), and ketamine (2 mg/kg, i.v.). Intravenous infusions of xylazine and ketamine were then started by use of 1 of 6 treatments as follows for which 35, 90, 120, and 150 represent infusion dosages (microg/kg/min) and X and K represent xylazine and ketamine, respectively: X35 + K90 with 100% inspired oxygen (O2), X35 + K120-(O2), X35 + K150-(O2), X70 + K90-(O2), K150-(O2), and X35 + K120 with a 21% fraction of inspired oxygen (ie, air). Cardiopulmonary measurements were performed. Response to a noxious electrical stimulus was observed at 20, 40, and 60 minutes after induction. Times to achieve sternal recumbency and standing were recorded. Quality of sedation, induction, and recovery to sternal recumbency and standing were subjectively evaluated. RESULTS: Heart rate and cardiac index were higher and total peripheral resistance lower in K150-(O2) and X35 + K120-air groups. The mean arterial pressure was highest in the X35 + K120-air group and lowest in the K150-(O2) group (125 +/- 6 vs 85 +/- 8 at 20 minutes, respectively). Mean Pa(O2) was lowest in the X35 + K120-air group. Times to sternal recumbency and standing were shortest for horses receiving K150-(O2) (23 +/- 6 minutes and 33 +/- 8 minutes, respectively) and longest for those receiving X70 + K90-(O2) (58 +/- 28 minutes and 69 +/- 27 minutes, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Infusions of xylazine and ketamine may be used with oxygen supplementation to maintain 60 minutes of anesthesia in healthy adult horses. 相似文献