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31.
Anions in solution may affect cation exchange on the solid matrix by forming complexes. The importance of this effect for transport depends on the charge and stability of the complexes formed. Studies indicate that this effect might be important for cation complexes with anions. In this study batch and column experiments were performed in order to compare the influence of chloride, perchlorate, and sulfate on transport and equilibrium ion exchange of calcium and magnesium in two forest soils. The batch experiments indicated that the selectivity coefficient for Ca vs. Mg is lower in a perchlorate or sulfate than in a chloride background. The anion background was not found to influence Mg-Ca breakthrough curves. However, differences of estimated parameters between runs with the same anion were large and exceeded those between runs with different anions. 相似文献
32.
Delayed type hypersensitivity against antigens of Fasciola hepatica has been repeatedly documented in infected hosts. Evidence has been presented to suggest that the delayed reactivity may develop earlier in the regional lymph nodes of the parasitized organ than in other lymph nodes of the body (Soulsby 1971). 相似文献
33.
基于DEM的陕北黄土高原典型地貌分形特征研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
应用分形理论与方法,结合陕北黄土高原1∶5万DEM数据,通过河网分形维数和稳定性系数计算,研究了陕北黄土地貌空间分布特征。结果表明:(1)陕北黄土高原不同地貌类型分形结构复杂程度各异,表现出不同大小的水系分维值和稳定性系数,其中,黄土峁状、梁状丘陵沟壑区地貌结构最为复杂,分维值最大,稳定性系数最小。黄土残塬、黄土塬区分维值次之。黄土—风沙过渡区地形结构简单,地势相对平坦,分维值最低,稳定性程度最高。(2)以分形参数作为定量化指标进行黄土地貌特征研究是可行的,DEM数据集是研究过程中的核心和基础。分形值所描述的分形特征与地貌类型、地质结构等有一定的相关性。此外,对分形几何的地学机理还需要进一步分析。 相似文献
34.
The effects of florfenicol on lymphocyte subsets and humoral immune response in mice 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Lis M Szczypka M Suszko A Switała M Obmińska-Mrukowicz B 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2011,14(2):191-198
Florfenicol is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotic used in domestic animals. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of florfenicol on the total number of lymphocytes in the thymus, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes and the percentage and the absolute number of T cell subsets (CD4+CD8+, CD4-CD8-, CD4+, CD8+) in the thymus and T (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) and B (CD19+) lymphocytes in the peripheral lymphatic organs in non-immunized mice and humoral immune response in sheep red blood cells (SRBC)-immunized mice. Florfenicol was administered orally at a dose of 30 mg/kg six times at 24 h intervals to non-immunized mice and four or seven times at 24 h intervals to SRBC-immunized mice. SRBC was injected 2 hours prior to the first dose of the drug. Florfenicol increased the percentage of CD4CD8- thymocytes and the absolute number of CD4+ and CD8+ thymocytes on day 7. The increased percentage and absolute number of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in mesenteric lymph nodes and decreased percentage of lymphocytes B were also observed 24 hours from the last administration of florfenicol. Florfenicol administered after SRBC immunization reduced the number of plaque forming cells (PFC) and the production of anti-SRBC antibodies on days 4 and 7 after priming. 相似文献
35.
To improve the productivity and quality of the apple cultivar ‘Pigeon’ the influence of 5 fertigation levels (14, 42, 70, 112, 224 mg N/l) and 3 widths of herbicide strip (0.2, 0.5, 1.0 m) were investigated on growth, yield and post-harvest quality/colour development of fruit. ‘Pigeon’ apples are picked when ca. 20% of the fruit skin has turned red, the fruit are then exposed to a sunning period on the orchard floor of 2–3 weeks to enhance red colour development (80% red skin); however the internal quality deteriorates during this period. Fruit drop occurs if fruit are left on the tree to develop colour. This study focused on how to reduce the length of the post-harvest sunning period to maximise both colour development and fruit quality. It was demonstrated that 14 mg N/l resulted in a low yield, small fruit, low vegetative growth, and low N content in leaf dry matter, but good fruit colour development. Excessive N fertigation (224 mg N/l) did not produce the significantly highest yield or the largest fruit, but it did enhance vegetative growth and resulted in less fruit colouration. N fertigation influenced optimal picking date; higher N fertigation delayed the time of picking, and increased the incidence of green fruit. Fruit from the high-N treatments required more days of post-harvest sunning to obtain the comparable red skin colour than fruit from the lower N-treatments. However, when all treatments were picked at ca. 20% fruit coloration it was not possible to reduce the length of post-harvest sunning period by N-supply. Most of the post-harvest colour development occurred within the first 6–9 days following harvest; colour developed on both sides but was enhanced on the shade side of the fruit. The shade side of the fruit had a greater potential for better red colour development than the blush side of the fruit. 相似文献
36.
Hogerheijde MR Bergin EA Brinch C Cleeves LI Fogel JK Blake GA Dominik C Lis DC Melnick G Neufeld D Panić O Pearson JC Kristensen L Yildiz UA van Dishoeck EF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6054):338-340
Icy bodies may have delivered the oceans to the early Earth, yet little is known about water in the ice-dominated regions of extrasolar planet-forming disks. The Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared on board the Herschel Space Observatory has detected emission lines from both spin isomers of cold water vapor from the disk around the young star TW Hydrae. This water vapor likely originates from ice-coated solids near the disk surface, hinting at a water ice reservoir equivalent to several thousand Earth oceans in mass. The water's ortho-to-para ratio falls well below that of solar system comets, suggesting that comets contain heterogeneous ice mixtures collected across the entire solar nebula during the early stages of planetary birth. 相似文献
37.
38.
Martín Santos González Blanca Torrent Bertrán de Lis Francisco J Tendillo Cortijo 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2013,40(4):399-402
ObjectiveTo describe the use of intramuscular (IM) premedication with alfaxalone alone or in combination with diazepam in pigs.Study designRandomised‐controlled trial.AnimalsTwelve healthy 2 month‐old Landrace x Large White pigs weighing 21.3 ± 2.4 kg.MethodsAnimals were distributed randomly into two groups: group A (n = 6) 5 mg kg?1 of IM alfaxalone; and group AD (n = 6) 5 mg kg?1 of IM alfaxalone + 0.5 mg kg?1 of IM diazepam mixed in the same syringe. The total volume of injectate was standardized at 14 mL by dilution in 0.9% sodium chloride. Pain on injection, the degree of sedation and the quality of and time to induction of recumbency were evaluated. Once pigs were recumbent, reflexes were evaluated. Pulse and respiratory rates and arterial oxygen saturation were recorded at 5 and 10 minutes after drug administration. Pigs were then moved to another room for subsequent anaesthesia.ResultsTwo animals of group A and one of group AD showed slight pain on drug injection. Time to lateral recumbency (in seconds) was shorter in group AD (mean 203 ± SD 45 range 140–260) than group A (302 ± 75, range 220–420; p < 0.05). In group AD sedation was deeper, and on recumbency there was better muscle relaxation. When moved for anaesthesia, two pigs in Group A showed slight resistance but did not vocalize. There were no differences in physiologic measurements between groups, although in both groups, respiratory rate was significantly lower at ten compared with five minutes post drug injection. There was no apneoa.Conclusions and clinical relevanceIM administration of alfaxalone combined with diazepam resulted in a rapid onset of recumbency and deep sedation, with minimal side effects. The combination might be useful for premedication, but volume of injectate will limit its use to small pigs. 相似文献
39.
40.
B. Bech Andersen T. Liboriussen I. Thysen K. Kousgaard L. Buchter 《Livestock Production Science》1976,3(3):227-238
The experimental design and objectives are outlined for a crossbreeding experiment with European beef breeds as sire breeds and RDM (Danish Red), SDM (Black Pied Danish) and Danish Jersey as dam breeds.Results from a calving survey of 1006 single calvings are presented. Gestation length, birth weight and calving performance were strongly influenced by breed of sire, breed of dam and sex of calf. The variation in gestation length seemed to have only a slight effect on birth weight. The variation in birth weight had a strong effect on calving performance.The ranking of the sire breeds in descending order according to the frequency of unasisted calvings (which varied from 70 to 26 percent) was as follows: Hereford, Limousin, Danish Red and White Cattle, Simmental, Blonde d'Aquitaine, Chianina, Charolais and Romagnola. 相似文献