禽流感(H9)疫苗免疫间隔期探讨

通过在不同日龄对海兰褐蛋鸡进行禽流感(H9)灭活疫苗的免疫,探讨禽流感灭活疫苗的免疫间隔期。结果表明,开产以后不管防疫2次、3次、4次禽流感灭活疫苗,抗体水平均在6log2以上,且鸡的日龄越大,免疫次数越少,免疫抗体持续期越长。因此,建议从育成到鸡群淘汰的饲养全程中,四次时机恰当、搭配合理的禽流感(H9)疫苗免疫基本上能使得95%以上产蛋期抗体维持于7log2以上。     

Electroacupuncture-induced neural activation detected by use of manganese-enhanced functional magnetic resonance imaging in rabbits

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of acupuncture on neural activity detected by use of manganese-enhanced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and elucidate the relationship between somatic acupoint stimulation and brain activation. ANIMALS: 40 New Zealand White rabbits. PROCEDURE: Manganese-enhanced fMRI was performed in anesthetized rabbits manipulated with electroacupuncture (EA) on Zusanli (ST-36) and Yanglingquan (GB-34) acupoints. Image acquisition was performed on a 1.5T superconductive clinical scanner with a circular polarized extremity coil. T1-weighted images were acquired sequentially as follows: baseline, after mannitol injection, after manganese infusion, and 5 and 20 minutes after initiation of EA. RESULTS: Changes in focal neural activity were detected by use of manganese-enhanced fMRI. Stimulation on Zusanli (ST-36) for 5 minutes resulted in activation of the hippocampus, whereas stimulation on Yanglingquan (GB-34) resulted in activation of the hypothalamus, insula, and motor cortex. Activation became less specific after 20 minutes of EA. Furthermore, stimulation on ipsilateral acupoints led to bilateral brain activation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Each acupoint has a corresponding cerebral linkage, and stimulation on these points resulted in time-dependent neural activation. Understanding the linkage between peripheral acupoint stimulation and central neural pathways may provide a useful guide for clinical applications of acupuncture.     

Effects of supplemental vitamin E during the mature period on the reproduction performance of Taiwan Native Chicken cockerels

One-day-old Taiwan native male chicks were fed with maize-soybean rearing diets without supplemental vitamin E to 23 weeks of age. From 23 to 52 weeks of age, the cockerels (n = 90) were assigned at random to 5 dietary treatments and fed with maize-soybean diets supplemented with 0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate). Pullets (225) of the same age were fed with standard diets throughout. They were artificially inseminated with one dose of 0.04 ml/bird intact and 5-fold diluted pooled semen at 31 to 43 weeks of age and at 49 weeks of age, respectively. The criteria evaluated included: semen quality, fertility and maximum and effective duration of fertility, blood characteristics, body and testes weight. Supplemental vitamin E did not affect cockerels' effective duration of fertility and percentage of fertility. However, when pullets were inseminated with diluted semen, supplementing 160 mg/kg vitamin E increased the maximum duration of fertility at 49 weeks of age. Cockerels receiving 40 to 160mg/kg supplements had higher sperm viability and motility after 39 weeks of age and those fed 80 mg/kg had higher sperm concentration at 39 weeks of age. Cockerels receiving supplements of more than 40 mg/kg vitamin E had higher body weight gain. Plasma cholesterol and testosterone were not affected by supplemental vitamin E. However, plasma luteinising hormone (LH) concentration was lower in cockerels fed 160 mg/kg. Lack of supplemental vitamin E over 39 weeks was associated with lower semen quality but did not reduce the proportion of fertile eggs laid by inseminated hens, perhaps because the insemination dose compensated for low sperm quality. We found that the maximum duration of fertility might be improved by supplementing 160 mg/kg vitamin E at 49 weeks of age.     

乙酸钠对油酸诱导的BRL-3A细胞脂肪变性的影响及机制分析

通过向油酸诱导的大鼠肝成纤维细胞(BRL-3A)脂肪变性模型中添加不同浓度(2、4、8 mmol·L^-1)的乙酸钠,探讨其对脂肪变性细胞模型脂代谢的调控机理及细胞损伤的修复作用。试验方法：1)用不同浓度的油酸(0、0.03、0.06、0.12、0.24、0.48) mmol·L^-1刺激BRL-3A细胞24 h后,分别检测细胞相对活力、总脂滴面积、三酰甘油(TG)含量、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性,建立脂肪变性细胞模型;2)向BRL-3A细胞中添加不同浓度的乙酸钠,通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;3)用不同浓度的乙酸钠和0.12 mmol·L^-1油酸共同孵育BRL-3A细胞,试验分为4组,分别为油酸处理组、2 mmol·L^-1乙酸钠+油酸处理组、4 mmol·L^-1乙酸钠+油酸处理组和8 mmol·L^-1乙酸钠+油酸处理组,分别对细胞脂滴、TG含量、AST、ALT活性、AMPK信号通路蛋白以及脂代谢关键基因进行检测。结果显示:1)用0.12 mmol·L^-1油酸处理BRL-3A细胞24 h,成功建立BRL-3A细胞脂肪变性模型。2)不同浓度的乙酸钠对BRL-3A细胞凋亡率没有影响;3)4、8 mmol·L^-1乙酸钠处理脂肪变性细胞模型后,与油酸处理组相比,细胞总脂滴面积、每平方毫米脂滴数、TG含量、AST和ALT活性均显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)下降,P-AMPK表达水平显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)上升;脂合成代谢相关基因ACC、FAS以及SCD-1 mRNA表达水平均有一定程度下降;脂分解代谢相关基因CPT-1、CPT-2以及ACO mRNA表达水平均有一定程度上升。本研究表明,乙酸钠会通过AMPK通路激活脂分解代谢,减轻肝细胞脂质蓄积,并且对油酸诱导的BRL-3A细胞脂肪变性模型的损伤具有一定缓解作用。     

神经肽Y和瘦素对动物摄食行为的调控

采食量是影响畜禽生产水平的重要因素,许多食欲调节肽物质都可以影响动物的采食量.分别综述了神经肽Y和瘦素的结构功能及其对动物摄食行为的调控,并对它们之间的交互作用进行了简明概括.     

重庆蚕业产业布局及发展模式探索——浅析"巩固渝西、提升库区、发展渝东南"产业发展战略

蚕业是重庆市的传统优势产业和特色产业,也是全市农村经济和农民致富的重要骨干项目和出口创汇的骨干产品,为国民经济发展做出过重要贡献.<重庆市茧丝绸"十一五"发展规划>明确提出未来5年蚕桑产业发展的战略方针是"巩固渝西、提升库区、发展渝东南".笔者从重庆的自然资源优势、社会经济发展、蚕业区域布局等方面对这一产业发展战略的科学性、内涵、模式、推进措施等进行了思考、探索,以此提供给各地在发展蚕业和制定规划中参考.     

抗病虫基因新资源:海洋绿藻孔石莼凝集素基因

植物凝集素(Lecin)具有抵抗植物病原菌和农业害虫的活性以及抗病毒活性,在植物保护上具有广阔的应用前景。从海洋绿藻孔石莼中分离到一种凝集素基因序列,为培育抗病虫作物新品种提供了新资源。     

怎样发挥刑侦犬在命案现场搜索物证的作用

一、犬现场搜索物证能力的培养(一)基础搜索能力的培养在训练初期,训犬员拿一些在实际现场中比较常见的作案工具(如刀具、钳子、木棍等),让犬进行搜     

紫花苜蓿不同基肥配比效应的研究

针对云南紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa种植缺乏专用肥的研究,采用"3414"的试验设计来研究不同基肥配比对紫花苜蓿第1年产量、株高、叶茎比、单株质量的影响.试验得出,施N 57.3 kg/hm2、P2O5 138 kg/hm2、K2O 36.45 kg/hm2时年产最高,达104 865 kg/hm2;施N 129.3 kg/hm2、P2O5 -5.1 kg/hm2(视为不施磷肥)、K2O 82.5 kg/hm2时茎叶比最大,达52.12%;施N 79.35 kg/hm2、P2O5 73.05 kg/hm2、K2O 106.05 kg/hm2时株高最大,达61.56 cm;施N 24.9 kg/hm2、P2O5 79.05 kg/hm2、K2O 80.1 kg/hm2时单株质量最高,达5.58 g.