IFN-γR和ER在大鼠下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中的共表达

为了探索干扰素-γ受体(IFN-γR)和雌激素受体(ER)在大鼠下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中的相互关系,用免疫组化Max Vision双标法,对正常成年雌性SD大鼠下丘脑、垂体、卵巢中IFN-γR和ER共表达情况及分布特点进行了研究。结果表明,IFN-γR和ER双标记阳性细胞广泛存在于大鼠下丘脑多个核团中,并且也分布在垂体和卵巢组织中;IFN-γR阳性产物主要存在于细胞质中,少数为全细胞着色;ER阳性产物主要存在于整个细胞中,部分为核表达。推测γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)和雌激素在大鼠下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中,以其各自的受体为介导进行两种物质间的信息传递,以此共同参与机体的神经免疫内分泌调节。     

3种上海市常见古树粗根系分布特征及保护对策

城市古树拥有极高的文化、景观、科研价值,对其承担主要营养吸收及支撑功能的根系的养护是古树保护的重要方面也是技术难点。为研究古树根系的分布特征及相关影响因素,本文利用美国TreeRadar公司开发的树木雷达系统(TRU)对古树名木根系采用非入侵式的探测,检测了3种古树的根系水平、纵向分布特点,并重点研究了树种、树龄、硬质空间对根系分布的影响,发现银杏(Ginkgo biloba L.)、香樟[Cinnamomum camphora(L.)J.Presl]、广玉兰(Magnolia grandiflora L.)三者的根系数目峰值分别在距茎干3、4~5、5m处,纵向上古树的整体根系分布深度依然是主要集中在深度120cm以上(占比65%)。银杏具有深根型的特征,而香樟和广玉兰根系水平延伸范围更大。发现硬质空间或地面可能导致根系深层延伸受阻、浅层根系密度变大,严重可致根系退化。最后结合上海特有的古树生长环境特征,从根系保护出发,本文给出了根系引导生长、生长空间特殊管控、人工助稳、根系监测等古树保护的策略。     

Ca（ClO）_2和O_3组合去除多菌灵残留的研究

[目的]探讨次氯酸钙和臭氧组合的诸因素对去除金橘多菌灵残留的影响。[方法]采用Box-Behnken响应面设计方法（response surface methodology,RSM）开展了多菌灵初始浓度、次氯酸钙水溶液浸泡时间、臭氧水浸泡时间、次氯酸钙浓度等因素对去除金橘多菌灵残留作用的研究。[结果]在试验选取的区间内,各因素对去除金橘多菌灵残留作用由大到小依次为臭氧水溶液浸泡时间、次氯酸钙水溶液浸泡时间、多菌灵初始残留量和次氯酸钙溶液浓度。对试验结果进行拟合得到了金橘多菌灵残留量与上述各因素关系的二次多项式模型,验证试验结果表明模型具有较高的精确度。[结论]该模型可以用于指导在确定多菌灵初始浓度和残留限值条件下,采取恰当的次氯酸钙溶液浸泡时间、臭氧水浸泡时间、次氯酸钙浓度等综合处理措施,以保证获得期望的多菌灵残留限值。     

STABILIZATION OF DUNE SAND AT BORGO BONSIGNORE IN SICILY / STABILISASIE VAN DUINSAND BY BORGO BONSIGNORE IN SICILIE

The methods employed and the results achieved in stabilizing an area of about 225 ha dune sand is described. The techniques employed in allowing tree species to become established are mentioned and are illustrated by various plates     

Selenium supplementation changes glutathione peroxidase activity and thyroid hormone production in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae

Dietary selenium (Se) influences the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the thyroid hormone system in vertebrates, but these relations are poorly described in fish. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Se supplementation on Senegalese sole larvae, focusing on GPx activity and thyroid status. Two groups of larvae were fed on either control (C) or Se‐enriched live feed, from 2 days after hatch (DAH) until 34 DAH. Senegalese sole larvae fed Se‐enriched live feed significantly increased their whole‐body Se, compared to larvae from C group. The activity of GPx was higher in larvae from Se group, suggesting that the levels of this mineral were suboptimal in the control diet. TH levels were also higher in larvae fed Se‐enriched live feed, suggesting that Se may have a positive influence on the TH production in early life stages of marine fish larvae.     

芝麻种质资源茎点枯病抗性鉴定研究

对52份芝麻种质资源的茎点枯病抗性进行了鉴定,结果显示:(1)52份供试种质感病严重,病株率39.05%¹00%,平均87.04%,病情指数为0.30100%,平均87.04%,病情指数为0.30¹.00,平均0.82,没有发现免疫资源;(2)聚类分析表明,感病种质37份,占参试材料的71.15%,抗病种质15份,占28.85%;(3)参试材料中地方种质茎点枯病抗性要优于改良品种(系),且种质间的差异较大;(4)本研究鉴定出来的青麻、丰城白芝麻、赣芝9号等15份抗茎点枯病种质可以在芝麻育种及其抗性改良中加以利用。     

γ-60 Co辐射处理红安久梨诱变效应的RAPD分析

采用RAPD技术,分析了4000rad剂量的γ-60Co辐射处理红安久梨休眠芽后获得的稳定分离的1a生枝条基因组DNA的影响,以明确辐射处理对红安久梨基因组DNA的影响。对20组共400个随机引物进行了重复筛选,共获得3个稳定的RAPD引物。结果表明:红安久梨休眠芽分离成的红色枝条和绿色枝条基因组DNA存在差异,分离的红色枝条与未处理枝条也存在差异。     

Pronuclear Embryo Yield in Canindé and Saanen Goats for DNA Microinjection

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of donor breed on pronuclear‐stage embryo yield to be used for DNA microinjection in a transgenesis goat program. Twelve Canindé and twelve Saanen goats were heat synchronized using a progestagen‐cloprostenol treatment. Forty‐eight hours before the sponge removal, superovulation was induced with a total administration of 4.4 mg/kg bodyweight NIH‐FSH‐P1, given twice daily in decreasing doses over 3 days. In addition, goats received 100 μg of GnRH and they were hand‐mated at 36 and 48 h after progestagen removal. Embryo recovery was performed by oviduct flushing at 72 h after sponge removal. Embryos were microinjected with a DNA construct and noticeable swelling of the nuclei was the criterion for successful microinjection. The total diameter, cytoplasm diameter, zona pellucida thickness and pronuclei diameter were measured for each microinjected embryo. A higher (p < 0.05) percentage of fertilized ova was observed in Canindé (89.9%) than Saanen (36.2%) goats. In addition, Canindé donors produced a higher percentage of pronuclear embryos when compared with Saanen: 72.5% vs 20.6% (p < 0.05), respectively. Successful microinjection was verified in 96.7% and 73.3% of times in Canindé and Saanen embryos, respectively (p < 0.05). Significant differences were observed for all morphometric parameters except for cytoplasm diameter. In conclusion, under our study experimental conditions, Canindé were more efficient than Saanen goats concerning the pronuclear embryo yield and manipulation. The use of Canindé goats in transgenesis programs could be increase the interest in their breeding and could be contribute to saving them from extinction.     

应用轻型飞机防治马尾松毛虫的试验Ⅰ．喷施四种药剂防治的效果

马尾松毛虫Dendrolimus punctatus Walker是马尾松林重要害虫。林间应用超轻型飞机大面积喷洒溴氰菊酯超低容量喷雾、白僵菌纯孢子油剂、菌药混合液超低容量喷雾以及喷洒白僵菌菌粉,其防治效果分别为96．5%、85．7%、95．6%、86．5%。上述的防治措施可作为单独的措施或综合防控中的配套措施使用,同时应用飞机防治解决了树高、林密、水源缺乏、劳力工资昂贵等条件给防治工作带来的困难,是一种适应林区林业生产整体水平而又快速、高效、经济的防治手段。     

Socio-spatial organization reveals paternity and low kinship in the Honduran white bat (Ectophylla alba) in Costa Rica

Ectophylla alba is a tent-making bat that roosts in mixed-sex clusters comprising adults and offspring. Our goal was to determine the genetic identity of individuals belonging to different roosting groups. We tested the hypothesis of kin selection as a major force structuring group composition. We used 9 microsatellites designed for E. alba to determine the genetic identity and probability of parentage of individuals. We analyzed parentage and kinship using the software ML-Relate, GenAIEx, and Cervus. The obtained relationship probabilities (0.5) revealed a clear maternal relationship between female adults and offspring with allele compatibility, and at least 5 relationships between male adults and pups. We found a low degree of relatedness within roosting groups. Between roosting groups at different sites, the mean probability of a half-sibling relationship ranged from 0.214 to 0.244 and, for full-sibling relationship, from 0.383 to 0.553. Genetically, adult individuals were poorly related within clusters, and kinship as an evolutionary force could not explain group membership.