玉米小斑病抗病鉴定接种体培养技术探讨

[目的]研究不同谷物粒培养基配方及其培养条件对玉米小斑病菌产孢量的影响,为玉米小斑病大面积抗病鉴定工作提供保障.[方法]以玉米小斑病菌野生型菌株HX5为试材,探索18种植物组织培养基、9个温度梯度、9个培养时间段、7种高低温诱导和5种不同光照等条件对玉米小斑病菌分生孢子产量的影响.[结果]培养基的成分组合对玉米小斑病菌分生孢子产生起决定性作用,配方为高粱粒100 g+玉米叶15 g+MgSO40.2 g+Na3PO40.2 g的7号培养基产孢量最多,为16.8×104个/g;24℃条件下培养产孢量最多;在20和24℃黑暗条件下,培养35 d时的产孢量最多;35℃高温、4℃低温诱导对玉米小斑病菌产孢量均有一定的促进作用,但经高、低温诱导后产生的部分分生孢子一端连接1节分生孢子梗;光暗交替各12 h、光照强度为2000 lx的产孢量最多,为4.6×105个/g.[结论]高粱粒100 g+玉米叶15 g+MgSO40.2 g+Na3PO40.2 g为玉米小斑病菌产孢最佳培养基,该培养基可显著促进病菌产生分生孢子;在24℃、光照强度2000 lx光暗交替各12 h的培养条件下,病菌的产孢量最多;在35 d内培养病菌,培养时间与产孢量成正比;35℃高温和4℃低温诱导对产孢量均有一定的促进作用.     

柑橘黄龙病疫情运动规律与预警模型研究

为了揭示柑橘黄龙病整体疫情入侵、扩散、流行等运动规律,对柑橘木虱种群的数量消长情况进行多年多点的系统监测,同时在柑橘黄龙病果实显症期采用全境式普查方法开展疫情调查。2002-2010年连续8年的监测和普查结果表明,柑橘黄龙病疫情入侵分布呈南重北轻、东高西低的特征,其扩散趋势为自南而北逐年推进,并呈螺旋式上升。疫情长期运动一般需经历入侵上升、高位运行、受控回落周期性变化,其运动周期为10年左右,并建立时序运动模型: P=-00044N2+0056N －00698(n=9,r=09552**,r001=07977)。应用上述模型进行逐年修补,若预测下年度果园加权发病率在1%以上,则可发布预警。     

不同光质组合对生菜生长和能量利用效率的影响

【目的】筛选较优的光质组合,提高人工光植物工厂生菜产量和能量利用效率。【方法】以光强为200μmol/(m~2·s),R/B为4/1的红蓝光(RB)为对照,在光强为150μmol/(m~2·s),R/B为4/1的红蓝背景光基础上,分别添加50μmol/(m~2·s)的绿光(G)、黄光(Y)、橙光(O)和远红光(FR)组成4种不同光质组合处理,分别用RBG、RBY、RBO和RBFR表示,对不同光质组合处理生菜的生长及形态、光合能力、能量利用效率等指标进行比较研究。【结果】RBG、RBO和RBFR处理生菜地上部鲜质量较RB处理分别增加14.5%,14.5%和30.8%,地上部干质量分别增加13.3%,24.1%和29.9%(P0.05)。RBG处理可以增加生菜的株高、总叶面积、净光合速率和能量利用效率。与RB处理相比,RBY处理对生菜的地上部干、鲜质量影响不显著;RBO处理可以提高生菜叶片的光合能力和能量利用效率。RBFR处理可以增加生菜的地上部干、鲜质量,但在实际生产中,生菜叶片较易出现烧尖现象。【结论】RBG和RBO是工光植物工厂生产中较为合适的光质组合。     

模拟酸雨对荔枝叶片膜透性的影响

研究了不同 p H值 (p H5.6、4 .5、3.5、3.0、2 .5)的模拟酸雨对不同时期荔枝叶片 (红色嫩叶、成长叶片及老叶 )的影响 .结果表明 :成长叶片的抗酸能力最强 ;叶片可溶性糖、K+、Ca2 +、Mg2 +的渗出量随酸雨的 p H值的下降而增加 ,说明细胞的膜透性增加 .K+ 的渗出量可作为酸雨伤害荔枝叶片的主要评价指标 .     

Effects of freeze-thaw cycles and initial soil moisture content on soil aggregate stability in natural grassland and Chinese pine forest on the Loess Plateau of China

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Ongoing global warming is decreasing the thickness of snow covers and increasing initial soil moisture content (SMC), which increase the number of freeze-thaw...     

Plasma levels of vitamin D3 metabolites during parr-smolt transformation of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.

Plasma vitamin D and vitamin D metabolites were measured in Atlantic salmon parr during smoltification and after transfer to seawater. The fish were fed commercial feed for 5 months under natural light, and Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase was measured as an indicator of the smoltification status. No significant differences were recorded in the level of plasma vitamin D metabolites. However, a tendency of increasing plasma concentration of 25OHD₃ and also a temporary increase in plasma 1,25(OH)₂D₃ and 24,25(OH)₂D₃ were recorded prior to seawater transfer. The minor changes in plasma levels of the metabolites indicate a role of the vitamin D metabolites during parr–smolt transformation, although we do not know whether the increased levels are caused by increased synthesis of the metabolites or by decreased binding to receptors or decreased excretion.     

孝感市农药市场管理现状及对策

1997年5月8日,国务院发布实施《农药管理条例》,明确赋予农业行政主管部门负责农药监督管理工作。孝感市农业局授权孝感市农药监督管理站具体承担监督管理任务。几年来,由于各级农业行政主管部门高度重视,各级农药管理部门积极开展工作,取得了明显的成效。突出表现在全市农药市     

种公鹿茸重性状与年龄相关的统计分析

本文探讨了我国人工选育的双阳梅花鹿和西丰梅花鹿品种、长白山梅花鹿品系、天山马鹿清原品系和乌兰坝东北马鹿等 5个品种品系种公鹿的茸重性状与鹿年龄的关系 ,结果表明 ,在一定年龄段 ,茸重性状与年龄之间呈强正相关并建立了相应的线性回归方程 ,为预测并比较茸鹿种公鹿各年龄时的茸重水平和制定茸重标准及早选种等提供了科学依据     

玉米ZmCCT基因缺失区段原核表达载体的构建与蛋白表达

[目的]旨在纯化玉米ZmCCT基因缺失区段的原核表达蛋白.[方法]依据ZmCCT氨基酸序列中的CCT保守功能区,利用PCR技术获得ZmCCT基因的缺失突变体DNA片段,分别构建4个原核蛋白表达缺失区段.[结果]成功获得3个缺失区段的原核蛋白:ZmCCT1-300,ZmCCT300-540和ZmCCT1-540.[结论]该研究不仅有助于ZmCCT多克隆抗体的纯化,还将为探索ZmCCT的抗病分子机理奠定基础.     

Nutritional composition of rotifers following a change in diet from yeast and emulsified oil to microalgae

Rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis, fed baker's yeast and a lipid emulsion (High DNA Super Selco, INVE Aquaculture NV Systems SA, Belgium), were harvested and fed Isochrysis galbana for 72 h, the nutrient composition was analysed during this period. The enrichment effect on the rotifers following transfer to I. galbana was most pronounced for ascorbic acid and thiamin. I. galbana seemed to contribute very little as a source of the lipid-soluble vitamins. Most of the minerals and trace elements were unaffected by the transfer to I. galbana, but Fe, Mn, As and Cd increased, Cu and Ni decreased whereas the effect on Cr and Mo were uncertain. The fatty acid composition of the rotifers changed towards the composition of I. galbana during the experimental period. Intermediate glycogen levels were measured in the rotifers at all sampling times. With the exception of lysine, serine and proline, all amino acid levels seemed to be unaffected by the transfer to I. galbana. This study showed that transfer of rotifers to microalgae (I. galbana) feeding had a positive effect on nutritional value. Macronutrients were maintained at adequate levels, and algal feeding improved the nutritional quality of rotifers with respect to water-soluble vitamins. Changes in rotifer nutrient composition are discussed in relation to nutritional requirements of fish larvae.