池塘闭路循环水养虾的研究

阐述了池塘闭路循环水水质的变化及养虾效果,循环水开机4h后,氮氮和化学耗氧量,分别降低了11.09％和17.35％,下层水的溶解氧含量比对照池提高了1.22ml/L,并使上、下水层的水温和pH值趋向平衡。生产应用试验证明,使用闭路循环水比对照池的成活率提高了7.78％,降低投饵系数12.18％,提高产量19.21％,每公顷增加效益6354元。     

本科毕业论文质量影响因素调查与管理对策研究——基于对应用型高校经管专业本科生调查

为了进一步了解学生毕业论文质量的影响因素和论文管理状况,通过市场调查法对17个高校的经管专业本科毕业生毕业论文研究状况作出调查,总结了学生毕业论文研究中研究态度、投入的时间和精力、积极性、动机、情绪、兴趣等主观因素和专业基础和水平、科研能力、科研素养、论文要求高低、严格程度等客观因素的状况,提出了重视论文撰写、保证研究时间、提高兴趣和积极性等管理对策。     

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship of marbofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida in a tissue‐cage model in yellow cattle

The fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drug marbofloxacin was administered to yellow cattle intravenously and intramuscularly at a dose of 2 mg/kg of body weight in a two‐period crossover study. The pharmacokinetic properties of marbofloxacin in serum, inflamed tissue‐cage fluid (exudate), and noninflamed tissue‐cage fluid (transudate) were studied by using a tissue‐cage model. The in vitro and ex vivo activities of marbofloxacin in serum, exudate, and transudate against a pathogenic strain of Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) were determined. Integration of in vivo pharmacokinetic data with the in vitro MIC provided mean values for the area under the curve (AUC)/MIC for serum, exudate, and transudate of 155.75, 153.00, and 138.88, respectively, after intravenous dosing and 160.50, 151.00, and 137.63, respectively, after intramuscular dosing. After intramuscular dosing, the maximum concentration/MIC ratios for serum, exudate, and transudate were 21.13, 9.13, and 8.38, respectively. The ex vivo growth inhibition data after intramuscular dosing were fitted to the inhibitory sigmoid E_max equation to provide the values of AUC/MIC required to produce bacteriostasis, bactericidal activity, and elimination of bacteria. The respective values for serum were 17.25, 31.29, and 109.62, and slightly lower values were obtained for transudate and exudate. It is proposed that these findings might be used with MIC₅₀ or MIC₉₀ data to provide a rational approach to the design of dosage schedules which optimize efficacy in respect of bacteriological as well as clinical cures.     

Advances in the Research and Application of Artificial Insemination to Equids in China: 1935–2012

China was one of the first countries to use artificial insemination (AI) in equids, and it achieved international recognition for its widespread application of AI to commercial horse breeding. This article reviews the history of equine AI in China. The technique originated from the high demand for horses to be used in agriculture, transportation, and the military. Artificial insemination was identified as an ideal tool for Chinese horse breeding to improve the productivity of native horses, especially during 1950-1970. Presently, AI is still practiced commonly in China, and it includes the use of fresh semen and transported cooled semen. The use of frozen semen has also been resumed to broaden the range of elite Sporthorse stallions and to preserve threatened or endangered native breeds. Accurate prediction of the optimum time for insemination depended mainly on transrectal palpation of the mare's ovaries. In addition to controlled methods of insemination, factors like volume and number of spermatozoa in the inseminate and timing and frequency of insemination were optimized to accomplish high fertility rates in the field. Production of hinnies and mules for agricultural labor and donkeys for meat and hide gelatin stimulated a nationwide upsurge of research into the reproductive physiology of and AI technology in donkeys. In the future, there will be further increases in the use of traditional and modern AI techniques in the breeding of Chinese equids.     

布鲁菌感染小鼠RAW264．7细胞对IRGl基因的表达调控作用

针对小鼠RAW264．7细胞IRGl基N设计4个RNA干扰靶位,筛选出最佳干扰序列构建shRNA慢病毒载体质粒并包装获得慢病毒颗粒,进而经嘌呤霉素筛选获得稳转细胞系,实现IRGl基因在RAW264．7细胞基因表达的沉默。并通过布鲁菌l6M株及M5株感染基因沉默细胞对IRGl基因在布鲁菌感染中的作用进行研究。结果表明,慢病毒介导的shRNA高效、稳定地沉默了IRGl基因的表达,布鲁菌侵染RAW264．7细胞后IRGl基因表达上调。未试验为1RG1基因及相美调控基因抗布鲁菌病作用研究奠定了基础。     

城市轨道交通上盖物业振动及噪声影响研究进展

阐述了城市轨道交通上盖物业振动和噪声影响研究进展,为城市轨道交通上盖物业前期规划建设提供参考性依据。     

佛山市城市绿化建设存在的问题及对策

对佛山市城市绿化进行实地调查,分析当前城市园林绿化设计、施工与养护管理中存在的问题,提出了应树立正确的城市绿化建设观念、强化植物空间的设计、选用乡土树种为基调树种、彰显本地特色等建议,为佛山市乃至华南地区的城市绿化建设提供参考。     

西北干旱区农田春小麦蒸散量的空间插值方法

综合运用传统统计分析方法和地质统计分析方法,研究了西北旱区春小麦蒸散量在不同生育阶段的时空变异特征,并分析了试验区表层土壤储水量和叶面积指数对春小麦蒸散量的影响关系,通过分析比较,筛选表层土壤储水量为协同因子,并将其应用到试验区春小麦蒸散量的空间插值研究中。研究结果表明:在所研究的条件下,即使外观较为均匀、面积相对较小的农田,春小麦蒸散量仍具有较高的空间变异(变异系数范围0.328~0.495);当降雨入渗深度小于20 cm时,表层土壤储水量(0~20 cm)是影响研究区春小麦蒸散量变异的主要因子,春小麦不同生育期累积蒸散量与表层土壤储水量变化的相关系数在0.8~0.9之间,远大于春小麦累积蒸散量与叶面积指数的相关系数;基于表层土壤储水量的蒸散量协同克里金空间插值分析与地面实测结果相比,仅42个蒸散量地面采样数据即可保证研究区春小麦蒸散量估计精度高于90%。     

亲水胶体对冷冻面团及其面包品质的影响

对亲水胶体在冷冻面包面团中的应用进行了系统研究。结果表明：黄原胶、阿拉伯胶和酪蛋白酸钠均可明显增强面团的抗拉伸性,其中,黄原胶的作用最强,可使新鲜面团与冷冻面团的最大拉伸阻力比对照分别增加76%和58%;黄原胶和阿拉伯胶的添加还显著提高了面团酵母发酵力,相比对照,两者的新鲜和冷冻面团分别提高了119%、208%及83%、113%。3种胶体的应用均可减少冷冻面团的可冻结水含量。亲水胶体对面包品质也有影响,其中,阿拉伯胶对面包品质有改善作用。     

无机盐对地衣芽孢杆菌发酵厨余物产蛋白的影响

以地衣芽孢杆菌为供试菌种,通过正交试验,研究(NH4)2SO4、K2HPO4、MgSO4和CaCO3四种无机盐的添加量对地衣芽孢杆菌发酵厨余物过程中产蛋白质的影响。结果表明,(NH4)2SO4和MgSO4的添加量与蛋白质产量呈正相关性,而在发酵过程中可促进地衣芽孢杆菌的生长有较明显的促进作用,而CaCO3和K2HPO4的添加量与蛋白质产量呈负相关性。这表明(NH4)2SO4和MgSO4的添加可促进地衣芽孢杆菌的生长,提高发酵产物中蛋白质的含量。地衣芽孢杆菌发酵厨余物的最佳培养基配方为:20 g研磨后的厨余物,加入等量无菌水室温浸泡,搅拌均匀后再添加1%的(NH4)2SO4和0.2%的MgSO4。