长期饲喂高锌日粮对断奶仔猪免疫机能的影响

试验选用60头23日龄±1日龄临床检查健康的"杜×长×大"三元杂交断奶仔猪,按体重和性别随机分成3组,每组20头,分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮 3000mg/kg氧化锌、基础日粮 500mg/kg蛋氨酸锌,测定断奶仔猪免疫机能的变化。结果显示,在断奶后0d～21d饲喂高锌日粮能显著提高仔猪白细胞吞噬率和T淋巴细胞转化率,增加血清免疫球蛋白水平;而在断奶后42d、70d,仔猪白细胞吞噬率、T淋巴细胞转化和血清IgG、IgA水平显著下降。     

日粮添加LA和DHA对乳脂脂肪酸含量及比值的影响

本试验选用带有永久性瘤胃、十二指肠和回肠瘘管的泌乳荷斯坦奶牛4头,采用4×4拉丁方试验设计,研究日粮添加亚油酸(LA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)对乳常规组成、消化道各段食糜pH以及乳脂脂肪酸构成的影响.试验结果表明:添加LA和DHA不影响乳蛋白和乳糖含量(P>0.05),而添加DHA有显著降低乳脂含量的趋势(P>0.05);日粮共同添加LA与DHA能提高十二指肠前消化道的pH,但差异不显著(P>0.05),而单独添加DHA显著降低了回肠的pH(P<0.05);日粮单独添加DHA增加乳脂中C23:0脂肪酸的含量,但并不降低乳脂中总饱和脂肪酸量.与对照组相比,LA与DHA共同添加使乳脂中总多不饱和脂肪酸增加了100%(P<0.05).LA与DHA共同添加使乳脂中饱和脂肪酸/不饱和脂肪酸由3.18降低至1.24(P<0.05).添加DFIA使乳脂中总单不饱和脂肪酸/多不饱和脂肪酸由5.94降低至3.00(P<0.05).上述研究结果表明,日粮添加LA和DHA可改变乳脂中脂肪酸的组成和比例,有利于人体健康,但DHA使产奶量有一定程度的降低.     

精准定时输精对后备母猪早期胚胎发育与繁殖性能的影响

为探讨精准定时输精(fixed-time artificial insemination,FTAI)对后备母猪早期胚胎发育和繁殖性能的影响,试验1选取自主培育的金乌猪后备母猪43头,随机分为2组,其中,对照组24头,为自然发情,观察后人工配种(artificial insemination,AI);试验组19头,为精准...     

Inducible nitric oxide synthase and arterial pressure regulation

AIM and METHODS:To clarify the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the regulation of blood pressure,in the present study, we examined the effect of aminoguanidine (AG), a selective inhibitor of iNOS on the hemodinamical response of Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and Dahl salt-resistant (DR) rats to low (0.3%) or high (8%) sodium chloride (NaCl) infusion by chronical in vivo hemodynamic experiment, and the effect of NaCl or NaCl plus AG infusion on urinary nitrate (NO₃)/nitrite (NO₂), the end product of nitric oxide (NO), excretion by Greiss Reaction. Furthermore, NOS activity assay was also carried out to probe the effect of NaCl and AG on calcium-dependent or independent NOS activity in renal tissue. RESULTS:1. High or low NaCl-infused DR rats and low NaCl-infused DS rats have no hemodinamical response to AG, however, the hypertensive effect of high NaCl (8%) infusion on DS rats were greatly amplified by co-infusion of AG. 2. Administration of high NaCl significantly elevated the iNOS activity of renal tissue, and greatly increased urinary NO₃/NO₂ excretion. CONCLUSION:Inducible NOS is an important modulator of arterial pressure, especially in case of higher blood pressure.     

Effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on endotoxin -induced fever in rabbits

AIM:To investigate the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on endotoxin -induced fever in rabbits. METHODS:Test substances were administered intravenously into a marginal ear vein. Temperature responses were measured using rectal thermistor probes. RESULTS:Endotoxin (0.4 μg/kg) stimulated a biphasic rise in colonic temperature. Pretreatment with dimethyl sulfoxide significantly attenuated the biphasic febrile response to endotoxin (0.4 μg/kg) of conscious rabbits in a dose-dependent manner. Rabbits treated with dimethyl sulfoxide 10 min after injection of endotoxin developed fever, which was significantly milder compared with rabbits treated with an equal volume of normal saline. No significant differences were found between thermal response index of rabbits injected with dimethyl sulfoxide and those with normal saline. CONCLUSION:Dimethyl sulfoxide inhibit endotoxin-induced fever in rabbits.     

Progress in roles of MNX1 antisense RNA 1 in malignant tumor

MNX1 antisense RNA 1 （MNX1-AS1） is a newly discovered long non-coding RNA （lncRNA）, which is highly dysregulated in various carcinomas and its expression level is closely related to the overall survival and prognosis of patients. MNX1-AS1 regulates the occurrence and development of carcinomas by endogenous competitive adsorption of miRNA, regulating cell cycle, inducing epithelial mesenchymal transformation and activating multiple signaling pathways. The in-depth study of the carcinogenesis of MNX1-AS1 is useful for the early diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognostic assessment of relevant carcinomas. This article reviews the roles of MNX1-AS1 in malignant tumor.     

电控喷油器流量性能检测试验装置

设计的电控喷油器性能测试装置,可有效检测喷油器的主要性能指标,为提高发动机燃油动力性、经济性以及降低排放提供了技术支持。检测试验证明,该测试装置具有效率快、精度高、性能稳定的特点,具有实际应用价值。     

母乳活性成分对婴儿免疫健康的影响研究进展

母乳被公认为婴儿营养的“黄金”标准和婴儿的最佳食物,由于母乳中多种生物活性成分的存在,使其为婴幼儿提供除营养外的其他益处,如免疫保护。本文综述母乳活性成分乳铁蛋白、母乳低聚糖、核苷酸、1,3-二油酸-2-棕榈酸甘油三酯和益生菌对婴儿免疫健康的影响,同时对市售11个产品的婴儿配方乳粉可选择性成分进行分析,为婴儿配方乳粉可选择性成分的选择提供理论依据。     

二十碳四烯酸研究

花生四烯酸（Arachidonic acid,AA）是n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）。AA的系统命名是全顺-5,8,11,14-二十碳四烯酸,又名5,8,11,14-花生酸,简记为20：4n-6,分子量304．5,分子式C20H32O2,结构式如图1所示.     

禽腺病毒流行株FAdV-4-AH-F41的分子特征及对细胞因子的诱导作用

【目的】分析1株血清4型禽腺病毒（FAdV-4）流行株的分子特征及其感染对细胞因子的影响。【方法】采集安徽省某禽类养殖场疑似心包积水 肝炎综合症的鸡肝脏组织样本,用鸡肝癌细胞（LMH）对病原进行分离,采用PCR、透射电镜（TEM）观察和间接免疫荧光试验（IFA）对分离的毒株进行鉴定。采用分段扩增后拼接的方法克隆分离毒株的全基因组,对其进行遗传进化分析和序列重组分析。基于柯赫法则,用分离毒株接种无特定病原体（SPF）鸡,检验其致病性。采用实时荧光定量PCR法,检测分离毒株对LMH细胞天然免疫相关细胞因子环鸟苷酸-腺苷酸（cGAS）、干扰素刺激因子（STING）、白介素-1β（IL-1β）、IL-6、IL-8、干扰素-α（IFN-α）、IFN-β、干扰素调节因子7（IRF7）、线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白（MAVS）、主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）Ⅰ-α、MHCⅡ-β等11种细胞因子的诱导作用。【结果】分离鉴定到1株FAdV,其在LMH细胞中培养未出现明显细胞病变效应;病毒粒子直径为70~90 nm,符合FAdV-4的结构特征;免疫荧光试验结果显示,在接种分离毒株的LMH细胞内可观察到亮红色荧光,而对照细胞没有荧光;将该毒株命名为FAdV-4-AH-F41。采用分段扩增后拼接的策略获得了FAdV-4-AH-F41全基因组序列（43 708 bp）;遗传进化分析和序列重组分析发现,FAdV-4-AH-F41与FAdV-4株核苷酸相似性为99.6%;存在3个重组事件,第1个重组事件发生在30 453-30 674 bp,第2个发生在36 884-36 988 bp,第3个发生在43 401-43 715 bp。致病性试验显示,FAdV-4-AH-F41是导致鸡心包积水-肝炎综合症的病原。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示,与对照（DMEM/F12处理）相比,用FAdV-4-AH-F41处理后LMH细胞中11种免疫因子的表达量水平均有提升,其中cGAS、IL-6、IRF7、MHCⅡ β差异达极显著水平（P<0.01）,IL-1β、IFN-α、MAVS差异达显著水平（P<0.05）,STING、IL-8、IFN-β、MHCⅠ-α差异不显著。【结论】成功分离1株重组血清4型禽腺病毒,感染LMH细胞会诱导强烈的天然免疫反应。