常温制备过氧化钙的研究

过氧化钙是一种新型的多功能无机精细化工产品,常温下是白色或淡黄色粉末,无臭、无毒．难溶于水,不溶于乙醇、丙酮等有机溶剂。在室温干燥条件下稳定,在湿空气或吸水过程中逐渐分解出氧气．其有效氧含量22．2%。加热至300℃开始分解．400～425℃全部分解成O2和CaO。过氧化钙不仅对紫外线有较强的吸收作用,还具有较强的脱色、杀菌、消毒、防腐、增氧等功能．     

野蚕黑卵蜂的生物学调查

野蚕照卵蜂是野蚕(Bombyx mandarina Moore)的主要卵寄生蜂,自然寄生率较高。在杭州,主要以一龄幼虫于越冬野蚕卵内过冬,一般4月底5月初开始羽出;在田间养虫室内,一年发生10代。25℃下,一世代的平均历期为18.56天,其中卵期约30小时,一龄幼虫期约2天,二龄幼虫期约3天,预蛹期约1天,蛹期10—13天。25℃下喂20％蔗糖液,雌蜂平均寿命45.37天,雄蜂43.21天。供蔗糖液,以家蚕卵为寄主,25℃下雄蜂平均产卵期20.39天,寄生卵粒51.27粒,产子蜂62.47头,于蜂雌性比平均82.10％。在4℃、76％R.H.下,幼期各虫态具一定的耐冷藏能力,尤以卵期为强。根据其生物学特性,认为该蜂在野蚕生物防治上很有利用前途。     

Effects of CpG-B ODN on the protein expression profile of swine PBMC

The CpG motif within bacterial DNA is a potent immuno-stimulatory moiety. Here, using a 2-D electrophoretic approach, we investigated the effect of synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing a B type CpG motif (CpG-B ODN) on the protein expression profile of swine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). We found that several proteins including spondin 1, N-acetolactate alpha linked acidic dipeptidase; V kappa light chain, T cell receptor variable alpha chain, heat shock protein (Hsp) 60, Hsp70, KIAA0857 protein, and PNAS-146 were up-regulated in PBMC by CpG-B ODN stimulation. Further studies showed that CpG-B ODN-mediated Hsp60, Hsp70 and Hsp90 expressions were closely associated with the TLR9 signalling pathway. Pretreatment with inhibitors of Hsp70, Hsp90 and TLR9 all blocked the CpG-B ODN-mediated anti-apoptotic effect in swine PBMC. These results suggest that CpG-B ODN treatment of swine PBMC may enhance the expression of biologically active proteins, notably spondin 1, V kappa light chain, T cell receptor variable alpha chain and Hsps, which may play an important role in CpG-B ODN-mediated activation of immune responses and enhancement of swine PBMC survival.     

The immune response and protective efficacy of oral alginate microparticle Aeromonas sobria vaccine in soft-shelled turtles (Trionyx sinensis)

Aeromonas sobria is an important bacterial pathogen of soft-shelled turtles (Trionyx sinensis). The effect of an oral alginate microparticle A. sobria vaccine (MAV) on immune response and protection efficacy of soft-shelled turtles was investigated. The formalin-killed cultures of A. sobria strain Z-1 (FKC) were incorporated into alginate microparticles, and the encapsulated vaccine was orally used for immunizing turtles. The serum agglutinating antibody titers, bactericidal activity of blood leucocytes and relative percent survival (RPS) post-challenge with virulent live bacteria of control and immunized turtles were detected. The serum agglutinating antibody titers and bactericidal activity of the leucocytes in the turtles orally immunized with MAV reached a level equivalent to those of the turtles injected with FKC and were significantly higher than those of control group. The RPS of turtles immunized orally with the MAV and intraperitoneally with FKC was 89.5 and 94.7%, respectively, while 95% of the control turtles had died. These results demonstrated that oral alginate microparticle A. sobria vaccine was immunogenic, and could confer protective immunity in soft-shelled turtles.     

热应激对荷斯坦牛与荷-娟F1牛抗氧化能力的影响

临床健康的荷斯坦乳牛和荷斯坦牛-娟姗牛杂交F1牛(荷-娟F1)各20头,分为2组,分别于冬季12月份(牛舍日平均气温为10.35℃,THI为47.24)和次年夏季7月份(牛舍日平均气温为38.07℃,THI为82.61)条件下,研究热应激对血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量,总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力,总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)的影响。结果表明:热应激期间荷-娟F1血清中MDA含量显著低于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05);T-SOD活力显著高于荷斯坦牛(P<0.05);T-AOC有升高的趋势但差异不显著(P>0.05)。在非热应激期间,荷-娟F1与荷斯坦牛相比血清中的MDA含量、T-SOD活力和T-AOC均无显著差异(P>0.05)。荷-娟F1和荷斯坦牛在热应激期间的血清中MDA含量、T-SOD活力与非热应激期差异均极显著(P<0.01),荷斯坦牛血清中T-AOC差异显著(P<0.05),而荷-娟F1血清中T-AOC差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此表明,热应激对乳牛的抗氧化能力产生显著的影响;热应激期间荷-娟F1的抗氧化能力高于荷斯坦牛,更能适应热带和亚热带地区高温高湿的气候条件。     

家禽断喙时间对新城疫免疫效果的影响

试验通过对不同断喙时间雏鸡的新城疫抗体的检测,研究断喙时间对新城疫免疫应答的影响,并选出合适的解决方案。     

SSR和ISSR分子标记及其在桑树遗传育种研究中的应用前景

本文对SSR(simple sequence repeat)和ISSR(inter-simple sequence repeat)分子标记的定义和各自优点进行了综述,并展望这两种分子标记技术在桑树遗传育种研究中的应用前景。     

合生素对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响

为探讨合生素在肉仔鸡生产中的最适添加量及其对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响,本文采用0.05%和0.10%两个比例添加合生素,其余3组为益生素组、抗生素组和对照组。对6000只AA公雏鸡进行为期7周的试验。结果表明:合生素组(0.05%和0.10%)的平均日采食量、日增重和饲料转化率都优于益生素组和抗生素组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);平均采食量(0￣3、4￣6、6￣7周龄)和平均日增重(0￣3、6￣7周龄)显著高于对照组(P<0.05);添加0.05%的合生素组与0.10%的合生素组对肉仔鸡生产性能有相同的效果(P>0.05)。说明由益生素与植物提取物组成的合生素可以替代抗生素和益生素在肉仔鸡生产中应用,其最适的添加量为0.05%。     

饲料粮比重加大中国的粮食安全性会更高

一、关于粮食问题的几个判断1、口粮消费总量将维持稳定。在相当长一个时期,中国的口粮消费总量,基本维持稳定。随着人们生活水平的提高,城乡口粮直接消费下降。1981年城乡居民人均口粮消费分别为145公斤和256公斤;2005年城市居民口粮消费只有77公斤,农民全年平均口粮消费208.9     

磺胺类药物残留及检测技术

磺胺类药物是一类传统的人工合成抗菌药物,具有对氨基苯磺酰胺结构,与对氨基苯甲酸(PABA)相似,二者竞争二氢叶酸合成酶,抑制细菌二氢叶酸的合成,影响细菌核酸生成,进而阻止了细菌的生长繁殖。磺胺类药物抗菌谱广,价格低廉,主要与二氨基嘧啶类抗菌增效剂合用,也可单独使用。在畜