PBO与福星处理对湘南梨脱萼及其果实品质的影响

以湘南梨为试材,于盛花期喷施PBO和福星不同处理,研究PBO和福星对湘南梨脱萼果率、果实品质和单株产量的影响。结果表明：喷施浓度为300倍 PBO和6000倍福星混合处理脱萼效果差异最为显著,脱萼果率为73.90%;单独使用PBO处理脱萼率为47.60%;两种脱萼处理均能够显著提高梨果的可溶性固形物和可溶性糖的含量,增加梨果的果肉硬度,降低果形指数,改善梨果外观品质,但对梨树的单株产量的影响差异不显著。     

宁夏动物卫生监督机构改革调研

为了解宁夏动物卫生监督机构改革的发展现状,为兽医体制改革提供参考,通过对宁夏各级动物卫生监督机构体制进行摸底调查,在对机构现状阐述的基础上,着重分析了在改革过程中面临的立法滞后、执法主体缺失、职能定位不明、队伍素质偏低、动物卫生监督工作弱化等主要问题,提出了完善立法、推进农业综合执法、做好机构衔接、加强执法人员培训等对策和建议。     

进口SPF鼠调整隔离期检疫风险分析

[目的]探讨缩短隔离期的可行性,以促进SPF鼠尽早用于科研。[方法 ]重点分析了境外环节SPF小鼠/大鼠的饲养设施、饲养管理、卫生控制、病原检测、官方监管及运输条件,研究了SPF鼠进境后的运输车辆、隔离设施、地方监管要求及历年进口发生问题的几率,比较了11个国家进口SPF鼠的隔离检疫政策。[结果 ]进口SPF鼠传入相关疫病的风险低、进境后暴露发生疫病的风险低,相关国家官方不进行强制隔离检疫。[结论 ]考虑到我国目前对活动物的隔离检疫政策和生命科学领域特殊需求,综合《进境动物检疫疫病名录》相关鼠病和国标《实验动物微生物学等级及监测》相关检测要求,建议在符合相应要求的条件下,调整进境SPF鼠隔离期为14天。     

Efficacy of different dosages of ivermectin injectable against the Hypoderma spp. in yaks

A chemotherapy trial was conducted to determine the lowest dosage of injectable preparation of ivermectin against Hypoderma spp. infestation in yaks in Tibetan areas in Tianzhu county, Gansu province, in northwest of China. One hundred and sixty yaks were randomly divided into four groups of 40 yaks for the trial. The first three groups were treated by subcutaneous injection in the neck with 0.1% ivermectin (respectively, 1, 5, 10 microg/kg body weight). The fourth group was not treated and considered as control group. All the experiments were performed in November 2000 and the animals were examined for the presence of warbles in the next March and May. The results indicated that there was no warbles found on the back of treated animal while third stage larvae were palpated on back of some of the yaks in control group. It is concluded that dosage of 1 microg/kg ivermectin injectable was sufficient to kill or stop development of larvae of Hypoderma spp. in naturally infected yaks if administrated in November.     

A short note on the horizontal and vertical movements of a whale shark, Rhincodon typus, tracked by satellite telemetry in the South China Sea

Whale sharks, a global migratory species, are often reported entangled in fishing nets in coastal areas of China. The effectiveness of conservation measures has been constrained by very limited knowledge on their movements and preferred habitats in the coastal areas of China. For the first time, we tracked the movements of 2 whale sharks by satellite telemetry in Mainland China. The tracking results of 1 whale shark revealed that it travelled in the South China Sea in a south-eastern direction, parallel to the eastern coast of Vietnam. Total distance travelled was 1018 km, in approximately 74 days, with a mean speed of 14 km per day. It appeared to head towards the cool upwelling zones in southern Vietnam at the time of the tag's detachment. In our study, it was observed that this whale shark was a surface dweller and spent approximately 45% of its time above 10 m water depth and 90% of its time above 50 m depth. It also tended to stay in water temperatures between 27 and 30 °C, and was rarely recorded in water below 20 °C. This preliminary study indicates the importance of shallow waters as the foraging habitat for whale sharks, and has implications for their management and conservation.     

不同养分管理模式对大针茅草原种群特征的影响

[目的] 研究不同养分处理对大针茅草原种群特征和产草量的影响。[方法] 于2021年在内蒙古兴安盟扎赉特旗图牧吉镇采用随机区组设计方法,研究施有机肥、施化肥、放牧和对照（无管理措施）对草原种群特征及产草量的影响。采用单因素分析和多重比较对4个处理下的草原种群特征和产草量进行差异性分析。[结果] 不同处理对草原种群特征和产草量的影响程度不一。与对照相比,有机肥、化肥和放牧处理均提高了羽茅的重要值,化肥处理达到了显著（P<0.05）水平;而大针茅和毛秆野古草的重要值呈下降趋势。与对照相比,一定程度上,有机肥处理提高了草群高度,而化肥和放牧处理降低了草群高度。草群盖度变化数据显示,与对照相比,化肥处理显著（P<0.05）提高了草群盖度,而有机肥和放牧处理一定程度上降低了草群盖度。产草量变化情况表明,与对照相比,有机肥和化肥处理均提高了产草量,化肥处理达到了极显著（P<0.01）水平,而放牧处理一定程度上降低了鲜草产量。[结论] 有机肥处理有利于提高羽茅的重要值、草群高度和产草量;化肥处理有利于提高羽茅的重要值、草群盖度和产草量。     

关于加快我国实验室生物安保发展的几点建议

近年来,随着对病原微生物和各种传染性疾病研究的深入,我国生物实验室数量越来越多,完善实验室生物安保体系对于保护科研人员和社会安全具有重大意义。本文首先明确了实验室生物安保和实验室生物安全的区别与联系,而后指出我国存在生物安保相关法规制度不完善,实验室实施环节生物安保能力较为薄弱等问题,并借鉴WHO和部分发达国家的生物安保法规以及实施现状,提出了完善制度法规,加强实验室实施环节能力建设,强化生物安保培训,加强风险评估认识等适合我国生物安保发展现状的相关建议,以期为完善我国生物安保体系,加快生物安保发展提供参考。     

不同围封方式初期川西北高寒草甸的群落结构和稳定性

为探讨川西北高寒草甸的适宜管理措施,本研究以禁牧、限牧(生长季禁牧 + 非生长季放牧)、草畜平衡管理下的高寒草甸典型样地为研究对象,以围栏外的退化草地为对照.采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法,分析不同围封方式初期川西北高寒草甸植物群落物种多样性、稳定性及二者之间的关系,初步确定适宜的草地管理模式.结果表明:1)草畜平...     

不同干扰类型下滇西北高寒草甸土壤化学计量特征

为了解不同干扰类型对土壤养分的影响,本研究以云南迪庆州高寒草甸为对象,分析了封育?+?火烧、封育?+施肥、封育和放牧4种不同干扰类型下的土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)化学计量特征.结果表明:1)在同一类型干扰下,土壤C、N、P、K浓度随着土层深度的增加而降低.土壤C、N、P、K浓度与土层深度表现为负相关关系...     

不同精粗比饲粮对青海黑藏羊肌肉营养组成的影响

本试验旨在研究不同精粗比饲粮对育肥黑藏羊背最长肌中常规营养成分、氨基酸(amino?acid,?AA)及脂肪酸(fatty?acid,?FA)含量的影响.采用单因素随机区组设计,选取60只体重相近[(10.45?±?0.96)?kg]且体况健康的2月龄黑藏羊公羊,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复4只,分别饲喂精粗比...