新疆天然甜型葡萄酒原料种植区划研究

运用层次分析法和模糊数学综合评判方法,根据石河子、昌吉、吐鲁番等8个地区的无霜期、温度、积温和降水因素,建立了数学模型,并对新疆天然甜型葡萄酒原料种植区域进行了区划研究.结果表明:吐鲁番的综合评价最高,其次为和田,评价值分别为0.97和0.91,属非常适宜种植区;哈密和喀什的评价值分别为0.81和0.87,属适宜种植区;库尔勒的为0.71,属次适宜种植区,而石河子、昌吉和霍城的评价值均小于0.59,属不适宜种植区.     

黄土高原丘陵沟壑区土壤水资源平衡利用与生态植被可持续发展

黄土高原丘陵沟壑区林草植被建设对控制水土流失和农业可持续发展具有双重意义。但是,大量资 料表明,黄土高原丘陵沟壑区林地和草地土壤水分严重亏缺,林草植被对土壤水资源的过度利用必将产生严 重后果,笔者强调生态植被建设须坚持土壤水资源平衡利用原则。在对土壤水量收入和支出诸因素分析的基 础上,指出采取拦蓄降水、降水高效叠加利用、覆盖保墒和减少植被蒸腾等途径及措施,以实现土壤水资源平 衡利用。提出林地降水高效叠加利用技术的思路及研究解决办法;研究建立植物蒸腾耗水量评价指标体系, 为筛选节水植物种类或种提供科学依据;植被蒸腾量的调控,根据叶面积指数与土壤耗水量的关系,在土壤水 资源平衡利用的原则下,确定其盖度和种植密度,后期通过控制树冠、适度疏枝、合理平茬(刈割)等进一步加 以调节。     

葡萄枝屑栽培平菇的产量及营养成分效应研究

为解决平菇栽培原料供应价格飙升、供应紧张的现状,以平菇为试材,在平菇栽培培养料中按不同比例添加葡萄枝屑(0、30%、50%、70%),研究葡萄枝屑对平菇菌丝体生长、子实体产量及子实体营养成分的影响。先将葡萄枝屑、玉米芯、土霉素药渣等原料按不同比例浸泡混匀,装袋培养灰色平菇栽培种,采用柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱法测定平菇子实体氨基酸含量,按照国家标准测定方法测定平菇中微量元素含量。结果表明:添加适宜比例葡萄枝屑栽培平菇,菌丝体长势强,生长速率高,菌丝洁白、粗壮、紧密;添加葡萄枝屑可显著提高平菇产量,其中以添加50%葡萄枝屑的平菇产量最高(324.0 g/袋),且加入葡萄枝屑3个处理的生物学效率为90.3%~99.7%;添加葡萄枝屑可提高平菇子实体中铁、锌、硼等微量元素的含量;4个基质配方栽培的平菇基本能满足人体对必需氨基酸的搭配需求,且添加葡萄枝屑栽培的平菇赖氨酸含量显著高于不添加葡萄枝屑的对照。因此,加入葡萄枝屑可提高平菇的产量及微量元素含量,满足人体对必需氨基酸的需求。     

原发性肾病综合征并发急性肾功能衰竭的临床与病理分析

目的；观察原发性肾病综合征(iNS)并发急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)的临床与病理。方法：对42例iNS并发ARF患者临床和病理改变进行分析。结果：iNS并发ARF的发生率为5．87％，临床上以少尿型为主(78．6％)．起病均在iNS的急性期。42例患者临床表现为大量蛋白尿、高度水肿，病程中无明显诱因出现少尿，尿素氮与血清肌酐增高。肾脏病理检查肾小球以轻微改变为主，其中微小病变型16例．轻度系膜增生型肾炎2l例；肾小管间质的病变却表现为广泛肾间质水肿及小管上皮细胞灶性坏死。经利尿、强的松等治疗后，36例患者肾功能逐渐恢复正常。结论：iINS并发ARF多发生于肾小球轻微改变者；尽早明确iNS并发ARF，并给予适当治疗，绝大多数患者肾功能可以恢复。     

Comparison of External and Internal Pelvic Measurements of Belgian Blue Cattle from Sample Herds in Belgium and the United Kingdom

Measurements describing pelvic conformation of pedigree Belgian Blue cows were obtained from a sample of nine herds in Flanders, Belgium, comprising 111 adult breeding cows, and from 11 herds in the United Kingdom comprising 108 similar cows. All herds in the Belgian sample (111 cows) managed parturition by elective caesarian section as did seven herds (56 cows) in the UK sample; the remainder of UK herds (52 cows) allowed cows the opportunity to calve naturally per vagina before resorting to caesarian section. The data described the external and internal measurements, and pelvic area characteristic of this breed, irrespective of the different selection pressures applied over a number of years to this breed through variation in farm management and market forces present in either country. From these data, generalized linear models were constructed to predict pelvic area; they correctly identified cows with either small or large pelvic areas. There were no significant differences in pelvic conformation between cattle bred either in Belgium or the UK, although those cows bred in herds where natural calving was allowed to take place had significantly larger internal pelvic height (p < 0.05) and area (p < 0.05) than other Belgian Blue cows. The correlation coefficients between internal pelvic height and width and external pelvic measurements were significant (p < 0.001). These results might facilitate the selection of breeding cows with larger pelvic area so that a higher proportion of cows can calve naturally than currently occurs. However, selection for other traits such as relatively low birth weight combined with higher weaning weight should be carried out at the same time.