龙牙百合生殖特性及繁育规律

以万载龙牙百合为试材,研究了柱头可授性、杂交指数OCI、不同授粉方式对龙牙百合结实的影响,并对其授粉后花粉管伸长情况进行了荧光观察。结果表明:龙牙百合柱头可授期为开花前1d至开花第9天,共10d,可授期较长,柱头在开花4~6d可授性最强;花粉生活力在开花第1~3天最强;花粉-胚珠比(P/O)介于3 673~4 670,杂交指数(OCI)为5,繁育系统属于专性异交,存在传粉限制,需要传粉媒介为其传粉;自花授粉能结实,切柱授粉有助于结实。     

彩叶矾根幼苗形态生理特性变化及耐阴性综合评价

以"巧克力纱""银色卷轴""教堂窗户""李子布丁""拼图""红宝石""海浪""紫晶""侃侃""红卷毛""天鹅绒""黑暗之星"12个不同矾根品种为试材,采用形态生长指标和生理生化指标测定及方差和隶属函数值的分析方法,研究了弱光环境对不同彩叶矾根品种在贵州耐阴能力强弱的影响,以期为矾根在西南地区园林景观布置提供依据。结果表明:在弱光环境下,"李子布丁""海浪"的幼苗生长前期表现出较强的耐阴特性;这些矾根品种耐阴能力大小依次为"天鹅绒""教堂窗户""李子布丁""银色卷轴""拼图""海浪""巧克力纱""红宝石""紫晶""侃侃""红卷毛""黑暗之星"。     

贵州高原北部朝天椒新品种比较试验

为了筛选出适合湄潭县种植的优质、高产、高效、抗逆性强、抗病性好的朝天椒新品种,2012-2015年湄潭县果蔬工作站相继引进朝天椒新品种进行筛选,并于2016年对表现较好的9个品种进行比较试验,筛选出艳椒425、单生艳红、单身·理想(干椒王)3个丰产性好、抗逆性强、抗病性好、商品性优的主推品种。     

桃PpSnRK1α在番茄中过表达对营养胁迫下植株生长的影响

以番茄(Solanum lycopericum)超表达桃SnRK1(蔗糖非发酵蛋白激酶–1)基因PpSnRK1α的株系及野生型为试材,研究在养分供应不足时SnRK1对植株生长的影响。结果表明,低营养条件下,转基因番茄叶片和根系中的Sn RK1酶活性比野生型高41.55%和39.46%;功能叶片的净光合速率平均比野生型高18.98%;低营养胁迫12 d的叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性比野生型高35.56%、28.85%和14.90%;根系活力比野生型高26.39%;茎和叶中氮磷含量显著高于野生型,钾含量两者差别不大,在根系中氮磷含量差别不大,而钾含量显著高于野生型,且氮素向地上部茎和叶中的分配比率增加。上述结果说明,在营养缺乏条件下,超表达PpSnRK1α可以提高番茄功能叶净光合速率,促进植株对氮素的吸收利用,从而延缓叶片衰老。     

利用SSR技术快速鉴定2个辣椒杂交品种纯度

利用SSR分子标记技术,对辣椒杂交种甘科4号和甘科10号及其父母本进行引物筛选和纯度鉴定,旨在建立供试品种的高效纯度鉴定体系,并对公布的辣椒SSR核心引物进行验证。结果表明,2个品种各筛选出1对引物在亲本间有明显差异,在杂交种中表现为共显性,分别为Es330和Epms923。利用这2对引物分别对供试品种进行纯度鉴定,甘科4号的纯度为96.4%,与田间种植鉴定纯度98.2%相差1.8百分点;甘科10号的纯度为91.8%,与田间种植鉴定纯度92.7%相差0.9百分点。说明筛选出的2对引物对甘科4号和甘科10号种子纯度的鉴定结果真实可靠,可以用于杂交种纯度的高效快速鉴定。     

酵素菌生物有机鱼肥在水产养殖上的应用研究

为探讨自制环保酵素对水产病原微生物的抑制作用,该研究对其发酵菌株进行了分离。通过比浊法和平板划线法,确定自制环保酵素对水产病原微生物坎氏弧菌SP-1 (Vibrio campbellii SP-1)、哈维氏弧菌SP-1 (V. harveyi SP-1)、轮虫弧菌SP-1 (V. rotiferianus SP-1) 和嗜水气单胞菌245 (Aeromonas hydrophila) 的最低抑制浓度分别是体积分数是体积分数为11.5%、11%、6.2%和11%,最小杀菌浓度分别是体积分数为16%、16%、16%和12%。攻毒保护试验表明,自制环保酵素无菌上清液可使嗜水气单胞菌对斑马鱼 (Danio rerio) 的致死率降低 (90.5±6.49) %。pH、温度、蛋白酶敏感性试验显示自制环保酵素的主要抗菌活性物质为酸性物质,对加热和蛋白酶处理稳定。进一步从环保酵素中分离主要发酵菌株,通过ITS序列分析鉴定为库德毕赤酵母 (Pichia kudriavzevii)。研究结果可为自制环保酵素在水产养殖中对抗细菌性疾病的应用提供理论基础。

     

尤溪城镇绿化与生态环境景观浅析

尤溪生态环境优越,林木种质资源丰富,但绿化树种单一,园林队伍薄弱,城镇绿化景观较差。文章就如何解决这些问题,特别是对城区周围绿化景观建设等问题,提出了发展思路。     

基于EEF模型的昆明市生态系统发展状态评价

运用能值分析理论改进的生态足迹模型(EEF),对昆明市2002~2011年能值足迹的动态变化进行分析,并应用GM(1,1)模型,对未来10年人均能值进行预测。结果发现:EEF模型的计算数值明显高于传统模型;昆明市生态系统出现盈余,处于可持续发展状态;在自然环境、经济状况不发生"突变"的前提下,2012~2020年人均能值盈余呈下降趋势且年均递减率为20.57%,尽管生态系统没有赤字,但生态安全面临严峻挑战。本研究对"新昆明"建设及其生态系统的可持续发展将有着重要的启示。     

Influence of paricalcitol on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy

AIM: To investigate the effect of paricalcitol (P) on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy (DN).METHODS: DN rat model was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin after fasting. The animals were randomly divided into 2 groups:the DN rats in paricalcitol-intervened group (group P) were injected intraperitoneally with paricalcitol dissolved in propylene glycol after the day when the model was induced successfully at a dose of 0.4 μg/kg (3 times a week); the DN rats in DN group (group D) were given isopyknic propylene glycol. Normal control group (group C) was also set up. The samples of blood, urine and renal tissue were collected after intervention of paricalcitol for 12 weeks. The biochemical indexes were measured. The renal tissues were used for pathologic observation and determining the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Wnt-4, β-catenin and Klotho by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. In addition, the correlation among the above indexes was analyzed.RESULTS: (1) Scr, BUN and 24 h urine protein increased significantly in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D (P<0.05). (2) The area of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis increased in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D (P<0.05). (3) The expression of Klotho decreased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin increased in group D compared with group C (P<0.05). Compared with group D, the expression of Klotho increased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin decreased in group P (P<0.05). (4) The expression of Klotho was negatively correlated with the fibrosis area, TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Paricalcitol inhibits renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in DN by promoting the expression of renal Klotho, and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation and TGF-β1 synthesis.     

Effect of Lysine Supplement on the Digestion and Metabolism of the Rumen in Small-tail Han Sheep

5 male Small-tail Han sheep with the body weight of 45 kg at 1.5 years old,fitted with permanent rumen fistula,to study of the effect of the supplement of the untreated commercial lysine on the rumen microbiocoenosis,rumen metabolism and whole body metabolism by 5×5 Latin square design (5 groups:control,control with low urea (equal nitrogen),low lysine,control with high urea (equal nitrogen),high lysine).The amounts of lysine-HCl supplement were 0,4.0 and 8.0 g/kg diet (as DM basis) in each group respectively,with two urea supplement control groups of equal amount of nitrogen.The results showed that by supplement of 4.0 and 8.0 g/kg of lysine-HCl diet (as DM basis) respectively,the voluntary intake of dry matter of sheep were increased by 5.5%(P>0.05) and 11.8%(P<0.05) respectively.The total amount of rumen bacteria were increased by 18.9%(P<0.01) and 23.9%(P<0.01) respectively,as the amount of rumen Coccus was increased by 21.2%(P<0.01) and 30.1%(P<0.01) respectively.The amount of rumen big Bacillus was decreased by 16.7%(P<0.05) and 33.3%(P<0.01) respectively.The total VFA of was increased by 9.6%(P<0.05) and 12.2%(P<0.01) respectively,as the butyric acid was increased by 12.8%(P>0.05) and 20.2%(P<0.01) respectively.The apparent digestibility of organic matter was increased by 6.4%(P>0.05) and 10.0%(P<0.05) respectively,the apparent digestibility of crude protein was increased by 7.0%(P>0.05) and 18.3%(P<0.01) respectively;And nitrogen retention was increased by 46.4%(P>0.05) and 110.7%(P<0.01) respectively.However,there was no effect of lysine supplement on the amounts of the rumen protozoa and fungi,and the concentration of rumen ammonia nitrogen.It was concluded that the supplement of untreated commercial lysine to adult sheep would increase the voluntary intake,digestibility,nitrogen retention the rumen microbiocoenosis and the total amount of rumen bacteria,especially the rumen Coccus of adult sheep.The effect of lysine supplement could not be replaced by urea supplement completely.