Effect of microRNA-155 on regulation of angiogenesis in diabetic rats with cerebral ischemic injury

AIM: To evaluate the effect of microRNA-155(miRNA-155) on the regulation of angiogenesis in diabetic rats with cerebral ischemic injury. METHODS: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham group, cerebral ischemia group, diabetic cerebral ischemia group, diabetic cerebral ischemia+miRNA-155 inhibitors group and diabetic cerebral ischemia+scramble group. Diabetes model was made by injection of streptozocin and permanent cerebral ischemic model was developed by suture-occluded method. The scores of neurological deficit and infarct volume were estimated at 24 h after cerebral ischemia. miRNA-155 level was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1(PECAM-1/CD31) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) was detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: miRNA-155 inhibitor significantly reduced miRNA-155 levels in the ischemic cortex(P<0.05), improved the scores of neurological deficit, reduced infarction size and upregulated the levels of CD31 and VEGF(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: miRNA-155 has a critical role in the regulation of angiogenesis in diabetic rats with cerebral ischemia. Down-regulation of miRNA-155 using miRNA-155 inhibitor attenuates brain infarct injury in diabetic rats.     

甜瓜‘PMR6’抗白粉病基因的遗传及其定位研究

以甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)感白粉病品种‘Hami413’为受体亲本,抗白粉病品种‘PMR6’为供体亲本构建的255株BC2分离群体为材料,研究‘PMR6’抗白粉病的遗传规律及基因定位。群体遗传分析表明,BC2群体中对白粉病菌Podosphaera xanthii生理小种1的抗性由显性单基因控制,基因命名为Pm-PMR6-1;利用混合分组分析法(Bulked segregant analysis,BSA)从分布于甜瓜12个连锁群上的390个SSR分子标记中筛选出5个多态性标记;通过连锁分析,将该抗性基因定位于12号连锁群SSR标记DM0191与CMBR111之间;根据甜瓜基因组信息设计SSR引物,进一步将该基因定位于SSR12407与SSR12202之间,并且该抗性基因与标记Mu7191共分离;比对基因组序列,两标记间物理距离约226 kb,预测35个候选基因。     

韭菜迟眼蕈蚊在不同寄主上产卵及对LED光趋性的研究

为了实现活虫捕捉,预测田间种群发生规律,了解田间种群抗性发生动态,通过韭菜迟眼蕈蚊在4科9种不同寄主上的产卵趋性和对6种不同颜色LED光趋性测定,获得最佳寄主与光源,结合韭菜迟眼蕈蚊采集笼制备与野外田间应用,成功获得活虫。韭菜迟眼蕈蚊在马铃薯上产卵量最大,为93.56粒,占产卵总量的45.27%,且对绿色光趋性最强,诱虫量达26.75只,占全部诱虫量的40.38%。在韭菜迟眼蕈纹采集笼的野外应用中,露地捕虫量为700~800只,温室100~200只,大棚300~400只。     

miR-21 inhibits apoptosis of Schwann cells following peripheral nerve injury

AIM: To explore the relationship and molecular mechanism between microRNA-21(miR-21) and Schwann cells (SC) following peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: The mRNA expression of miR-21 and phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) in animal model were detected by real-time PCR. The over-expression of miR-21 and inhibition of miR-21 expression in the Schwann cells according to transfection of lentiviral vectors were performed, the nonspecific miRNA was used as a negative control (NC). The cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of miR-21 and PTEN in the cells was detected by real-time PCR. The protein expression of PTEN and cleaved caspase-3 was determined by Western blot. RESULTS: The level of miR-21 was significantly higher and the mRNA level of PTEN was significantly lower in the model of nerve injury than those in control group. miR-21 over-expression decreased the number of apoptotic Schwann cells compared with NC-SC. The mRNA expression of PTEN was down-regulated by over-expression of miR-21. The protein expression of PTEN and cleaved caspase-3 was down-regulated by over-expression of miR-21(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: miR-21 may play an important role in the peripheral nerve injury through inhibiting apoptosis of Schwann cells by down-regulating the expression of PTEN.     

Effects of eplerenone on expression and activity of aortic endothelial nitric oxide synthase in hypertensive rats induced by high-salt intake

AIM: To explore the effects of eplerenone on the expression and activity of aortic endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) in high salt-induced hypertensive rats.METHODS: Male Wistar rats(4 week old, weighting 50～60 g) were randomly divided into control group, high-salt diet group and eplerenone group. The rats in control group were fed with ordinary rodent animal diet, the rats in high-salt group and eplerenone group were exposed to 5% salt diet for 16 weeks and administrated with the same dosage of saline or eplerenone(40 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) by gavage for 4 weeks, respectively. Systolic blood pressure(SBP) was measured by tail-cuff every 2 weeks. The rats were sacrificed after 16 weeks and the thoracic aorta was collected. The aldosterone content in the aorta was measured by ELISA. The protein levels of mineralocorticoid receptor(MR) and eNOS were determined by Western blot. The activitie of constitutive NOS(cNOS) was measured by chemocolorimetry. The protein localization of eNOS, neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS) and MR was observed by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: A process of 8-week high-salt diet increased SBP gradually. SBP in the rats exposure to high salt for 16 weeks was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05). After 4 weeks of eplerenone treatment, SBP in the rats was significantly lower than that before treatment(P<0.05). Compared with control group, the aldosterone content in the aorta were significantly increased in high-salt diet group and eplerenone group(P<0.05), the expression level of MR also increased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with control group, both eNOS protein expression(P<0.05) and cNOS activity in high-salt diet group were significantly decreased(P<0.05). The protein expression of eNOS as well as cNOS activity in aorta increased significantly in eplerenone group compared with high-salt diet group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Aldosterone content in aorta of high-salt-induced hypertensive rats increases significantly. Aldosterone attenuates the protein expression of eNOS and reduces the enzyme activity through the activation of mineralocorticoid receptor. The selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist eplerenone enhances the protein expression of eNOS and its activity, thereby improves eNOS function.     

‘乐亭白黄瓜’主要性状混杂度分析

‘乐亭白黄瓜’是河北乐亭县日光温室越冬茬旱黄瓜基地主栽的农家品种,由于缺乏系统选育,品种性状混杂,制约了当地旱黄瓜产业健康发展。现以‘乐亭白黄瓜’为试材,在春季日光温室栽培条件下,对该原始群体的生长势、早熟性、产量和品质等性状进行了调查分析。结果表明:‘乐亭白黄瓜’栽培群体的植株分枝少,但株高和节间长度分离较严重,变异系数分别为33.7%和20.9%。第一雌花节位集中分布在第4~11节;20节内雌花节位数集中分布在2~4个,变异系数27.4%。初步鉴定单性结实力较弱。商品瓜棒状,瓜长度集中分布在20~25cm,变异系数15.1%;瓜皮色均匀一致的占25.7%。雌花花柄长度变异系数为45.0%。该研究结果为黄瓜新品种选育提供参考依据。     

甜瓜掌状裂叶基因pll的精细定位

以甜瓜掌状裂叶材料bm7和甜瓜圆叶材料Y8为亲本,构建BC1分离群体作为作图群体,同时利用甜瓜基因组序列,采用SSR分子标记技术,结合混合分离分析法(BSA),将甜瓜裂叶基因pll进一步定位到SSR标记G61和G76之间65kp的区间之内。结果表明:在此区域内,共有6个候选基因,从MELO3C010780到MELO3C010785,其中,MELO3C010784与ANT转录因子相似。根据文献报道,在拟南芥中过表达从椰子中克隆的ANT基因导致叶片出现锯齿形边缘,该表型与甜瓜株系bm7的裂叶形状具有相似性。这些结果表明MELO3C010784为最可能的候选基因。     

生物炭在农业领域应用的研究进展与前景

生物炭是生物质在高温缺氧条件下热裂解的产物。其具有多孔性、高阳离子交换量(CEC)和低容重特征,对土壤性状改良、环境污染修复和作物生长等方面都有一定的积极作用。生物炭的农业应用作为一种农业碳汇减排和提高土壤生产力技术途径已得到广大学者的关注。现从土壤性状改善、作物生长、生态环境效应方面综述了生物炭的研究进展,基于生物炭的研究方法、范围、内容及推广应用等方面存在的几大问题,展望了生物炭今后的研究趋向与前景,指出生物炭在农业领域中的研究应用存在巨大潜力,以期为生物炭在农业领域的有效应用与推动现代农业可持续发展提供遵循依据。     

白灵菇杂交子的筛选及鉴定

以白灵菇2个品种"中农1号"和"中农翅鲍"为亲本,采用镜检、拮抗、酯酶同工酶及原基诱导等方法,研究了150对杂交组合菌株特性。结果表明:150对杂交组合菌株中,99个菌株生长较快,有锁状联合,75个与2个亲本有明显拮抗线,且具与2个亲本菌株的典型酯酶同工酶条带,确定是杂交菌株,其中50个杂交子具有出菇能力。     

1973-2000年黄河流域棉花品种改良与应用状况分析

利用1973-2000年国家黄河流域棉花区域试验资料及同期该棉区棉花品种推广的统计数据,总结了棉花品种改良的主要成绩,分析了棉花品种不同性状的育种效率.结果表明产量性状的遗传改良效率逐年下降,早熟性、抗逆性和部分纤维品质指标的改良效率有所提高.探索性提出了提高育种效率的途径和方法.分析了棉花良种普及率及自育品种变化情况,针对目前美国转基因棉花在该区生产中优势,加强国产品种的推广已成当务之急.