Pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma in a rabbit

An approximately 8‐year‐old male castrated Dutch rabbit was evaluated for a 6‐day history of respiratory signs, which began as sneezing and progressed to tachypnea with anorexia. On physical examination, tachypnea and pale mucous membranes were noted. Thoracic radiographs revealed a soft tissue pulmonary mass, fine‐needle aspirates of which confirmed a neoplasia with malignant features suspicious for a histiocytic sarcoma. The rabbit was discharged and due to a rapidly deteriorating condition, the owner declined chemotherapy with Lomustine and elected euthanasia of the rabbit. The affected lung was submitted for histopathology. Histologic sections of the lung were characterized by clusters of histiocytic cells and multinucleated giant cells with occasional invasion of blood and lymphatic vessels. The histologic diagnosis was histiocytic sarcoma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report of histiocytic sarcoma in a rabbit. Based on the clinical and radiologic findings in this case, histiocytic sarcoma should be included in the list of differentials for rabbits presenting with respiratory signs and evidence of a pulmonary mass.     

Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of Vietnamese indigenous cattle populations by microsatellites

Cattle play a very important role in agriculture and food security in Vietnam. A high level of cattle diversity exists and serves different needs of Vietnamese cattle keepers but has not yet been molecularly characterized. This study evaluates the genetic diversity and structure of Vietnamese indigenous cattle populations, using microsatellite markers. A total of 410 individuals from six indigenous cattle populations and an exotic breed was characterized using 27 microsatellite markers A total of 362 alleles was detected and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 8 (INRA005 and ILSTS005) to 17 (ETH185). The level of gene diversity was high indicated by a mean expected heterozygosity (He) across populations and loci of 0.73. Level of inbreeding (mean F_IS=0.05) and genetic differentiation (mean F_ST=0.04) was moderate. The phylogenetic tree based on Reynolds genetic distance reflected geographic distances. Structure analysis indicated five homogeneous clusters. The Brahman, Lang Son, Ha Giang and U Dau Riu cattle were assigned to independent clusters while Nghe An, Thanh Hoa and Phu Yen cattle were grouped in a single cluster. We conclude that Vietnamese indigenous cattle have high levels of genetic diversity and distinct genetic structures. Based on these results, we recommend that for conservation homogenous populations (Nghe An, Thanh Hoa and Phu Yen) can be grouped to reduce costs and U Dau Riu, Lang Son and Ha Giang populations should be conserved separately to avoid loss of genetic diversity.     

Emergence of a new lagovirus related to Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus

Since summer 2010, numerous cases of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease (RHD) have been reported in north-western France both in rabbitries, affecting RHD-vaccinated rabbits, and in wild populations. We demonstrate that the aetiological agent was a lagovirus phylogenetically distinct from other lagoviruses and which presents a unique antigenic profile. Experimental results show that the disease differs from RHD in terms of disease duration, mortality rates, higher occurrence of subacute/chronic forms and that partial cross-protection occurs between RHDV and the new RHDV variant, designated RHDV2. These data support the hypothesis that RHDV2 is a new member of the Lagovirus genus. A molecular epidemiology study detected RHDV2 in France a few months before the first recorded cases and revealed that one year after its discovery it had spread throughout the country and had almost replaced RHDV strains. RHDV2 was detected in continental Italy in June 2011, then four months later in Sardinia.     

附子经口急性毒性试验研究(英文)

[目的]考察生附子醇提物的经口急性毒性。[方法]以70%为溶媒,用索氏提取法制备附子浸提物,经预试验获得正式试验最大给药剂量,设计7个剂量组,组间距1.7倍,给昆明系小鼠灌胃给药一次,剂量为0.04ml(/g·BW),观察7d,用改良寇氏法公式计算半数致死量(LD50)及其95%可信限。[结果]附子醇提物给小鼠经口LD50为230.12mg(/kg·BW),LD50的95%可信限为80.39～658.57mg(/kg·BW)。[结论]生附子醇提物可快速引起小鼠出现急性毒性。     

Removal of Hydrophobic Volatile Organic Compounds in an Integrated Process Coupling Absorption and Biodegradation—Selection of an Organic Liquid Phase

Since usual processes involve water as absorbent, they appear not always really efficient for the treatment of hydrophobic volatile organic compound (VOC). Recently, absorption and biodegradation coupling in a two-phase partitioning bioreactor (TPPB) proved to be a promising technology for hydrophobic compound treatment. The choice of the organic phase, the non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) is based on various parameters involved in both steps of the process, hydrophobic VOC absorption in a gas?Cliquid contactor, and biodegradation in the TPPB. VOC solubility and diffusivity in the selected NAPL, as well as NAPL viscosity, seems to be the main parameters during the absorption step, while biocompatibility, namely the absence of toxic effect of the NAPL towards microorganisms, non-biodegradability and VOC partition coefficient between NAPL and water were revealed as the key factors during the biodegradation step. The screening of the various NAPL available in the literature highlighted two families of compounds matching the required conditions for the proposed integrated process, silicone oils and ionic liquids.     

巨大口蘑提取物抑菌作用及其保鲜效果研究

以巨大口蘑为研究对象,采用乙醇、石油醚、乙酸乙酯和甲醇4种不同的提取溶剂对巨大口蘑子实体进行提取,再用采用Kirby Baue纸片扩散法测定抑制圈直径,并初步探讨其提取物对番茄的保鲜效果。结果表明,巨大口蘑乙醇提取物对枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌圈可达到9.2 mm,乙酸乙酯提取物对黑曲霉的抑菌圈为8.4 mm;涂膜保鲜结果表明,4种提取液对番茄储存过程中的失重率、坏果率和感官评分都有所改善,其中乙醇提取液24 d坏果率为30%,而空白对照的坏果率为70%。表明巨大口蘑提取物具有一定的抑菌作用和保鲜效果,为其天然防腐保鲜剂的开发提供了理论支撑。     

Review of the technical challenges facing aquaculture of the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata in Ireland

Insufficient supply of available market size abalone from the wild stocks has resulted in increasing efforts since the early 1990s to culture this valuable marine shellfish. Despite significant financial investment and the establishment and expansion of farms around Europe, the production of a saleable end product has remained undefined. The technical barriers to producing viable juvenile abalone spat still impair growth of the industry in Ireland. Critical developments required in the industry are identified. Uptake of these developments from research remains slow due to the trial-and-error approach taken by operators. Using technologies and procedures from producing countries and implementing them into Irish culture conditions will aid the development and expansion of the industry.     

Evaluation of potential feed sources,and technical and economic considerations of small‐scale commercial striped catfish (Pangasius hypothalamus) pond farming systems in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam

A technical and socio‐economic survey was conducted in Dong Thap, Can Tho and An Giang, provinces of Vietnam in 2009. The results showed that most of the small scale farmers of striped catfish (Pangasius hypothalamus) carry out fish pond culture, developed and operated by self‐learned experience and from neighbours knowledge. The mean pond depth varied from 3.5 to 4.0 m, ranging from 2 to 6 m. Most of the fish farms have extremely high stocking density, with an average of about 40 fish m^?2, in some cases up to 70 fish per m². The average yields and net income of small‐scales pond farming is about 21–27 kg per m² crop^?1 and US$ 0.184–0.329 kg^?1 crop^?1 respectively. These figures are not significantly different compared with large‐scale pond farming. About 75%, 86% and 80% of fish farmers in Dong Thap, Can Tho and An Giang province, respectively, received positive net returns. Farm‐made feed is still playing an important role because of higher net profit compared with commercial pellet feeds. Rice bran and trash fish are the main feed ingredients for farm‐made feed formulations. Striped catfish farmers are now actively searching for locally produced plant protein sources as alternatives to marine trash fish or fish meal.     

VALUE CHAIN OF SNAKEHEAD FISH IN THE LOWER MEKONG BASIN OF CAMBODIA AND VIETNAM

Snakehead fish are the most preferred fish species for food in Cambodia and Vietnam, and are consumed in both fresh and processed forms. The purpose of this paper is to describe the value chains of captured and cultured snakeheads in the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB). The important actors involved in the value chain of snakeheads in the LMB of Cambodia and Vietnam were fishers, fish farmers, wholesalers, retailers, and processors. The value chain of wild captured snakeheads in Cambodia was focused on 11 marketing channels, and for cultured snakeheads in Vietnam, 10 market channels. The distribution of benefits among the chain actors was unequal, with the highest proportion of profit going to wholesalers in Cambodia and collectors in Vietnam. In order to develop the value chain of snakehead for the long-term in the LMB, appropriate plans must be prepared for each country in association with better management and protection of natural aquatic resources.