Effects of grape seed extract on meat color and premature browning of meat patties in high-oxygen packaging

This study investigated the effects of grape seed extract(GSE) on fresh and cooked meat color and premature browning(PMB) in ground meat patties(85% beef and 15% pork back fat) packaged under high-oxygen modified atmospheres(HiOx-MAP). The GSE was added to patties at concentrations of 0, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 g kg^–1. This study evaluated the surface color, pH, lipid oxidation, and total viable counts(TVC) of raw patties, and the internal color and pH of patties cooked to a tempera...     

宁夏番茄气候适宜度变化特征分析

本文探讨了宁夏地区番茄气候适宜度的分布规律,旨在为宁夏番茄种植的区域规划提供参考。根据宁夏1981—2016年的气象观测资料和番茄生育期数据,建立气候适宜度模型,分析各气象因子适宜度变化特征。结果表明：日照适宜度在各气象要素中表现最好,是宁夏番茄生长最有利的气象因素;降水适宜度在空间上呈南高北低分布,年际变率较大,是影响气候适宜度年际变化的关键因子;温度适宜度在不同生育期变率大,是制约宁夏番茄种植的主要气象因素,且逐渐向更为有利的条件发展。宁夏中北部4个市的气候适宜度均较高,固原市的气候条件不利于番茄的生长发育。从气候适宜度分布上看,宁夏中北部地区番茄种植的气候适宜度最好,气候条件整体最有利于番茄生长。     

高粱炭疽病研究进展

高粱作为中国主要的酿造原料之一,在国民经济发展中占据重要地位。高粱炭疽病是高粱的主要病害之一,在整个生育期中均可发病,且在温暖湿润的热带和亚热带栽种地区更易发生和流行,不仅影响植株的正常生长,严重时会引起产量的大幅下降和籽粒品质的劣变。多年来,高粱病理学家和育种家对高粱炭疽病病原菌菌株分离、病害发生流行规律、发生原因、寄主抗性利用和抗炭疽病基因定位等方面进行了广泛的研究,取得了一些进展。这些研究为炭疽病的生化防控以及培育抗炭疽病品种奠定了基础。开展高粱炭疽病研究,发掘更丰富多样的优异抗性种质资源,减少农药使用,不仅可以满足中国高粱产业对天然有机高粱原料的巨大需求,还可以推动高粱生产向高产优质转变。对高粱炭疽病的分布和发病症状、炭疽病病原菌侵染机理、病害发生流行规律及流行原因、抗性资源鉴定和高粱抗炭疽病基因定位的相关研究进展进行了综合分析和论述,以期从分子水平上更好地认识高粱与炭疽病病原菌之间的相互作用,为高粱炭疽病研究提供参考。     

Adhesion of bone marrow stromal cell in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

AIM and METHOD: The adhesion behavior of bone marrow stromal cells(BMSC) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) to bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMC) and Raji cells were investigated by MTT method. The expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The adhesion ability of BMSC in acute period of ALL to BMMC was lower than that of control group. The adhesion ability of BMSC in long term remission period of ALL to Raji cells higher than that of control group. The expression of ICAM-1 on the surface of BMSC in acute period of ALL is much lower than that of control group. CONCLUSIONS: The adhesion of BMSC to BMMC or tumor cells in children with ALL was abnormal. The abnormal adhesion behavior might be partially due to the changed expression of adhesion molecules on BMSC.     

A study on the mechanism of doxorubicin promoting IL-1β and collagen type I secretion in cardiac fibroblasts

AIM To observe the effect of adriamycin/doxorubicin （DOX） on the production of inflammatory cytokines and collagen in cardiac fibroblasts and its mechanism. METHODS Neonatal SD rat cardiac fibroblasts were isolated, cultured, and identified by immunofluorescence staining with monoclonal antibodies against vimentin observed under a confocal laser-scanning microscope. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to detect the toxicity of DOX on cardiac fibroblasts, and flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC/PI double staining was used to detect apoptosis. ELISA was used to detect the release of inflammatory factors in the supernatant of cultured cells. Immunofluorescence labeling assay was used to detected α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） expression and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species （mROS） in the cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasome-related proteins in cardiac fibroblasts. RESULTS （1） Compared with the control group, DOX inhibited the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts （P<0.05）, but had no significant effect on apoptosis （P>0.05）. （2） Treatment with DOX promotes the release of proinflammatory factors interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and IL-6 in cardiac fibroblasts （P<0.05）. （3） The expression of α-SMA, collagen type I and transforming growth factor-β in DOX treatment group increased significantly compared with control group （P<0.05）. （4） Compared with the control group, the levels of mROS, cellular NLRP3 and cleaved caspase-1 in cardiac fibroblasts increased significantly after DOX treatment. CONCLUSION Doxorubicin promotes cardiac fibroblasts to secrete IL-1β and collagen type I by promoting mROS production and activating NLRP3 inflammasome.     

原木灵芝孢子研究：（Ⅳ）未破壁孢子与破壁孢子的比较

扫描电镜观察表明,破壁前灵芝孢子形态完整,破壁后孢壁结构被破坏,通过透射电镜发现破壁孢子的孢内物质易被释放。观察结果表明,复合力场超微粉碎法的破壁率高,超声波—冻融破壁法的破壁效果也较好,而超声速超微气流粉碎法仅使大部分孢子变形,未破坏其孢壁结构。分析结果表明,破壁孢子粉(破壁率≥95％)的粗蛋白、总糖含量变化不大,但粗脂肪(6.35％)及水溶性多糖(2.18％)含量分别较未破壁的提高了38.95％和20.83％;锌、铜、铬、硒等微量元素的含量变化不大,但锰(20μg/g)和镍(5.2κg/g)的含量明显高于未破壁孢子。此外,包括牛磺酸在内的19种游离氨基酸含量也没有明显变化。     

牙鲆血清免疫球蛋白的分离纯化及部分特性分析

运用Sephacryl S-200凝胶层析和HiTrap rProtein ASepharose亲和层析2种方法对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)血清免疫球蛋白进行分离纯化,结果表明,牙鲆免疫球蛋白分布于33%~50%的硫酸铵饱和溶液中,其中45%的分离效果最好。凝胶层析和亲和层析样品均出现2个蛋白峰,用还原SDS-PAGE检测确定牙鲆免疫球蛋白存在于第2个蛋白峰中。牙鲆免疫球蛋白重链分子量约为75.4 kD,轻链分子量约为29.9 kD和28.2 kD,推测牙鲆血清免疫球蛋白的分子量为836 kD。制备了兔抗牙鲆免疫球蛋白多克隆抗体,免疫双扩散法检测多克隆抗体效价为1∶32,免疫斑点法检测多克隆抗体效价至少为1∶1 600。运用免疫印迹法(Western-bloting)检测了兔抗牙鲆免疫球蛋白多克隆抗体的特异性,实验证明该抗体与牙鲆全血清中免疫球蛋白重链、轻链反应均成阳性。     

河北辣椒

通过介绍河北省独特的气候、地理优势,河北辣椒的栽培历史、生产现状和主要栽培方式,以及辣椒研究和育种方面所取得的成绩,使人们对河北辣椒有一个较全面的认识,达到相互了解,相互学习的目的。     

基于期刊论文产出科学计量分析

以正式发表的学术期刊论文为对象,采用分类指标和计量指标,对水土保持研究所50年(1956￣2005年)来的学术论文进行统计分析,揭示了研究所的学科结构特点及变化过程,提出了与之相应的对策与建议,为科研机构学科建设及布局调整提供决策参考。     

基于文献计量的农业节水领域研究现状及热点分析

农业节水是农业可持续发展的研究热点.为了能够在总体上把握国际有关农业节水技术领域的研究现状、热点和发展趋势,以Web of Science核心合集数据库为数据源,对1992-2019年发表的农业节水技术相关的文献进行计量分析,结果表明:①农业节水技术研究发展迅速,国际尤其是中国在该领域发文量均呈现快速增加趋势.②农业节...