寿光地区秋延迟茄子茎基腐病发生原因及防治

2013 年寿光地区秋延迟茄子茎基腐病发生严重,除了与高温天气有关,也与田间管理措施不当有关,应根据实际发病情况及时防治。     

盘羊及其杂交后代微卫星遗传多样性分析

为了更好地了解盘羊及其杂交后代（盘羊♂×欧拉羊♀）的遗传信息,为盘羊遗传资源评价及欧拉羊的复壮改良提供理论依据。本试验选取24对微卫星引物,应用PCR扩增和毛细管电泳的方法对24只盘羊和24只杂交羊个体进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示,在24只盘羊中,24个微卫星位点上共检测到167个等位基因,平均等位基因数目为6.9583,平均有效等位基因数为3.3665,平均观测杂合度为0.4497,平均期望杂合度为0.6779,平均多态信息含量为0.6265,其中,等位基因数目最多的是位点MAF70,有效等位基因数目、期望杂合度、多态信息含量最高的是位点OarFCB193,观测杂合度最高的是位点ILSTS11;在24只杂交羊中,24个微卫星位点上共检测到154个等位基因,平均等位基因数目为6.4166,平均有效等位基因数为3.4061,平均观测杂合度为0.4566,平均期望杂合度为0.6751,平均多态信息含量为0.6265,其中,等位基因数目、有效等位基因数目、期望杂合度、多态信息含量最高的是位点MAF70,观测杂合度最高的是位点OarJMP58。从遗传学角度得出,盘羊和杂交羊遗传指标结果相近,试验所得数据可用于盘羊遗传资源评价及欧拉羊的复壮改良。     

牛传染性鼻气管炎诊断方法的研究进展

牛传染性鼻气管炎是由牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒引起的一种牛的热性、急性、接触性传染病。该病是世界动物卫生组织(OIE)规定的必须上报的疾病之一,在我国也被列为二类疫病。牛传染性鼻气管炎可降低牛的肥育率、繁殖率和产奶量,给养牛业造成了重大经济损失。从病毒的分离鉴定、血清学以及分子生物学等方面对该病的诊断方法进行综述,以期为牛传染性鼻气管炎的检测和防控提供参考。     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gD蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为制备牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)gD蛋白单克隆抗体,并对其免疫学特性进行分析与鉴定。用CHO细胞表达的IBRV-gD蛋白作为免疫原免疫8周龄的Balb/c小鼠,无菌取其脾细胞与SP2/0细胞进行细胞融合,筛选阳性杂交瘤细胞株,经小鼠腹腔注射,待小鼠腹腔膨胀后,收集腹水,纯化后进行单克隆抗体浓度、纯度、类及亚类、抗体效价、相对亲和常数、Western blot和间接免疫荧光测定。结果表明,筛选到2株阳性杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为4G3D4和9D7A7。4G3D4和9D7A7这2株单抗纯化后的浓度分别为2.6 mg/mL、1.6 mg/mL;亲和常数分别为2.30E+10、1.88E+09;抗体亚类均为IgG1,轻链为kappa链;且均能与IBRV发生特异性反应,与接种IBRV的MDBK细胞发生反应,产生特异性荧光;间接ELISA测定腹水效价分别为1∶204800、1∶12800。利用CHO细胞表达的IBRV-gD蛋白成功制备了2株单克隆抗体,为下一步建立特异性的IBRV检测方法奠定了基础。     

Gross nitrogen transformations and N_2O emission sources in sandy loam and silt loam soils

The soil type is a key factor influencing N(nitrogen) cycling in soil; however, gross N transformations and N_2O emission sources are still poorly understood. In this study, a laboratory ~(15)N tracing experiment was carried out at 60% WHC(water holding capacity) and 25℃ to evaluate the gross N transformation rates and N_2O emission pathways in sandy loam and silt loam soils in a semi-arid region of Heilongjiang Province, China. The results showed that the gross rates of N mineralization, immobilization, and nitrification were 3.60, 1.90, and 5.63 mg N/(kg·d) in silt loam soil, respectively, which were 3.62, 4.26, and 3.13 times those in sandy loam soil, respectively. The ratios of the gross nitrification rate to the ammonium immobilization rate(n/ia) in sandy loam soil and silt loam soil were all higher than 1.00, whereas the n/ia in sandy loam soil(4.36) was significantly higher than that in silt loam soil(3.08). This result indicated that the ability of sandy loam soil to release and conserve the available N was relatively poor in comparison with silt loam soil, and the relatively strong nitrification rate compared to the immobilization rate may lead to N loss through NO_3~– leaching. Under aerobic conditions, both nitrification and denitrification made contributions to N_2O emissions. Nitrification was the dominant pathway leading to N_2O production in soils and was responsible for 82.0% of the total emitted N_2O in sandy loam soil, which was significantly higher than that in silt loam soil(71.7%). However, the average contribution of denitrification to total N_2O production in sandy loam soil was 17.9%, which was significantly lower than that in silt loam soil(28.3%). These results are valuable for developing reasonable fertilization management and proposing effective greenhouse gas mitigation strategies in different soil types in semiarid regions.     

广亲和系配制的杂种产量潜力分析

通过对以国内新育成的优良广亲和系为母本，典型籼、粳品种为父本配制的8个杂种F1的产量潜力分析，结果表明杂种一代具有库容、物质生产和产量优势，特别是亚种间杂种优势突出。亚种间杂交组合抽穗后叶片衰老缓慢，功能期长，存在抽穗后干物质积累优势，但大多数亚种间杂交组合物质转运不良，限制了其产量潜力的发挥。     

两个高产两系杂交稻组合形态与产量形成特征的研究

对两个高产两系组合与两个三系对照组合的比较研究表明，该两个两系杂交稻组合具有以下形态及产量形成特征；剑叶较长，穗下节间长，基部节间短且茎壁较厚，叶片直立性好，叶披垂度小；群体中、下部透光性能好；干物质总积累量大，但茎鞘物质转运率小，总库容大，源库比较小；群体穗数少，穗粒数多，粒重小，结实率稍低。     

InvasionDB: A genome and gene database of invasive alien species

Invasive alien species(IAS) are species whose introduction to areas outside of their native range cause harm to economics, biodiversity, and the environment. Understanding the genetic basis of invasiveness is critical for preventing invasion by an alien species and managing IAS with eco-friendly control methods. In addition, uncovering the genomic features of IAS is essential for accurately predicting invasiveness. However, even though increasing efforts have been devoted to sequencing the genomes of IAS, there is still not an integrated genome database for the invasive biology community. Here, we first determined a list of invasive plants and animals by mining references and databases. Then, we retrieved the genomic and gene data of these IAS, and constructed a database, Invasion DB. Invasion DB encompasses 131 IAS genomes, 76 annotated IAS assemblies, and links these data to conventional functions such as searching for gene coding sequences and Pfam, KEGG, NR annotations, BLAST server, JBrowse, and downloads services. Next, we analyzed 19 invasivenessrelated gene families which confer invasiveness in insects. To study the roles of noncoding RNA in invasiveness, we also annotated 135 494 mi RNAs, 89 294 r RNAs, and 2 671 941 t RNAs from these IAS. In summary, Invasion DB is useful for studying the invasiveness at the genomic level, and thus helps to develop novel management strategies to control IAS.     

甘蔗属割手密种云南82-114 F1代灰色关联度综合评价及分类

【目的】对64份甘蔗属割手密种（Saccharum spontaneum）云南割手密82-114（云南82-114）的F1代进行综合评价和分类,为进一步筛选和利用优良种质提供依据。【方法】采用灰色育种理论的灰色关联度对云南82-114血缘F1代的9个性状进行综合评价与分类。【结果】在64份材料的灰色关联度排名中,排名居前10位的分别为云瑞08-155、云瑞08-52-1、云瑞08-147、云瑞08-157、云瑞08-197、云瑞08-105、云瑞08-111、云瑞08-96、云瑞08-52-2、云瑞08-83,超过对照ROC22的材料有5份,超过对照粤糖93-159的材料有10份,其余的54份材料均未超过两对照。依据材料间灰色关联度建立三角矩阵,取等价截距λ=0.890时,可将材料分为22个类型,大部分材料可单独聚为一类。灰色关联度评价和聚类分析结果表明,云瑞08-155、云瑞08-52-1、云瑞08-147、云瑞08-157、云瑞08-197、云瑞08-105、云瑞08-96等7份材料可作为杂交利用的重点材料。【结论】灰色关联度综合评价结合聚类分析对材料的高效筛选和杂交利用具有较明确的指导作用,是一种方便、简捷的评判方法。     

基于Web教材管理系统的开发

首先说明目前教材征订流程,以此分析当前高校教材征订流程的缺点,然后设计了一个新的教材征订流程,通过将现有的流程分解为教材信息库维护及教材征订两个流程,解决现有流程所出现的问题.文章最后对新的流程进行讨论,并介绍了系统使用的情况.