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排序方式: 共有117条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
81.
Naruemon Jommark Jiraporn Runglerdkriangkrai Kunihiko Konno 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2018,27(1):91-106
This study aimed to elucidate the changes in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) myofibrillar protein as influenced by multiple freeze-thaw cycles as well as the stabilization effects of sucrose and trisodium citrate on shrimp myofibrils. Shrimp myofibrils in 0.1 M NaCl, 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) were mixed individually with sucrose and citrate at concentrations of 0.05 M and were evaluated for Ca2+-ATPase activity, salt solubility, total and reactive sulfhydryl, and surface hydrophobicity during three freeze-thaw cycles. Sucrose and citrate had strong cryoprotective effects against freeze denaturation by retaining higher Ca2+-ATPase activity and salt-soluble myosin and actin, by slowing the reduction of reactive sulfhydryl (SH) and by exposing less hydrophobic groups at the surface of the protein compared with the no-additive sample. Results indicated that both cryoprotectants had suppressive effect against protein denaturation and helped stabilize white shrimp myofibrillar protein during the freeze-thaw process. This study suggests that sucrose and citrate stabilized the protein structure by retarding the unfolding of protein; thus, the native protein could be protected during frozen storage. 相似文献
82.
Takakura I Naito K Iwamori N Yamashita M Kume S Tojo H 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2005,51(5):617-626
The inhibition of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation during porcine oocyte maturation leads to decreased maturation promoting factor (MPF) activity and to the induction of parthenogenetic activation. In the present study, in order to analyze the mechanism underlying the suppression of MPF activity in MAPK-inhibited porcine oocytes, we injected mRNA of SASA-MEK, a dominant negative MAPK kinase, or antisense RNA of c-mos, a MAPK kinase kinase, into immature porcine oocyte cytoplasm. The injection of SASA-MEK mRNA or c-mos antisense RNA inhibited the MAPK activity partially or completely, respectively, decreased the MPF activity slightly or significantly, respectively, and induced parthenogenetic activation in 17.1% or 96.6% of mature oocytes, respectively, although no parthenogenetic activation was observed in the control oocytes. Immunoblotting experiments revealed that cyclin B accumulation in these MAPK-suppressed porcine oocytes was increased significantly after 50 h of culture and that a considerable amount of MPF was converted into inactive pre-MPF by hyperphosphorylation. These results indicate that the inhibition of MAPK activity in porcine oocytes did not promote cyclin B degradation but rather suppressed it; also the decrease in MPF activity in MAPK-suppressed porcine oocytes correlated with the conversion of active MPF into inactive pre-MPF. 相似文献
83.
Takashi HARUMI Akiko SANO Hiroshi KAGAMI Takahiro TAGAMI Yuko MATSUBARA Mitsuru NAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(6):503-507
The D‐loop region in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sequenced and compared among six chickens. Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were observed. For six of the SNP sites, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers that had each base (A, C, G and T) as the penultimate base at the 3′ end (N2 base) and bases specific to both alleles at the 3′ end were produced to type the polymorphisms. Twenty‐one out of 96 primers succeeded in distinguishing the SNP by the presence or absence of PCR product. This method provides an easy way to discriminate SNP in chicken mtDNA. 相似文献
84.
Morikawa M Seki M Kume S Endo T Nishimura Y Kano K Naito K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(6):1151-1157
A high cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level in fully-grown immature oocytes prevents meiotic resumption. In Xenopus, inhibitory cAMP is synthesized within oocytes depending on a stimulatory alpha-subunit of G-protein (Gsalpha). In the present study, we examined whether ooplasmic Gsalpha is involved in meiotic arrest of porcine oocytes. First, we studied the presence of Gsalpha molecules in porcine oocytes by immunoblotting, and this suggested the presence of reported isoforms (45 and 48 kDa) not only in cumulus cells but also in porcine oocytes. Then we injected an anti-Gsalpha antibody into porcine immature oocytes and found that inhibition of ooplasmic Gsalpha functions significantly promoted germinal vesicle breakdown of the oocytes, whose spontaneous meiotic resumption was prevented by 3-isobutyl-l-methylxanthine (IBMX) treatment. Although cyclin B synthesis and M-phase promoting factor (MPF) activation were largely prevented until 30 h of culture in IBMX-treated oocytes, injection of anti-Gsalpha antibody into these oocytes partially recovered cyclin B synthesis and activated MPF activity at 30 h. These results suggest that meiotic resumption of porcine oocytes is prevented by ooplasmic Gsalpha, which may stimulate cAMP synthesis within porcine oocytes, and that synthesized cAMP prevents meiotic resumption of oocytes through the signaling pathways involved in MPF activation. 相似文献
85.
Go SUGAHARA Ichiro NAITO Yuichi MIYAGAWA Takaaki KOMIYAMA Naoyuki TAKEMURA Ryosuke KOBAYASHI Takayuki MINESHIGE Junichi KAMIIE Kinji SHIROTA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1175-1178
The renal biopsy tissue from a 9-month-old, male Pyrenean Mountain dog with
renal disorder and severe proteinuria was examined. Ultrastructural examination revealed
multilaminar splitting and fragmentation of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and
diffuse podocyte foot process effacement. Immunofluorescent staining for α(IV) chains
revealed presence of α5(IV) and complete absence of α3(IV) and α4(IV) chains in the GBM.
Immunohistochemistry also revealed decreased and altered expression of nephrin and podocin
in the glomeruli compared with normal canine glomeruli. These results suggested that the
glomerular disease of the present case might be consistent with canine hereditary
nephropathy resembling human Alport syndrome caused by genetic defect of type IV collagen,
and indicated possible contribution of podocyte injury to severe proteinuria in this
case. 相似文献
86.
Ovarian immature oocytes accumulate many dormant maternal mRNAs, which have short poly(A) tails. Cytoplasmic‐polyadenylation‐element binding protein (CPEB) has been reported to play key roles for the elongation of the tails and the translation of these mRNAs in Xenopus oocytes. However, the functions of CPEB in meiotic resumption have not yet been established in mammalian oocytes. The present study examined the roles of porcine CPEB in Cyclin B syntheses and meiotic resumption of porcine oocytes. Porcine CPEB1 (pCPEB1) cDNA was cloned from total RNA of immature oocytes by RT‐PCR. The overexpression of pCPEB1 by mRNA injection into immature oocytes increased Cyclin B expression and the rate of meiotic resumption. Conversely, the inhibition of endogenous CPEB by expression of a dominant‐negative mutant pCPEB1 (AA‐CPEB), which replaced the expected phosphorylation sites with alanines, had the effect of inhibiting Cyclin B synthesis, ribosomal S6 kinase phosphorylation (an indicator of Mos activity), and meiotic resumption. The inhibition of porcine Aurora A by an injection of antisense RNA enhanced the inhibitory effects of AA‐CPEB. These results suggest the involvement of mammalian CPEB1 in Cyclin B syntheses and meiotic resumption in mammalian oocytes. In addition, the phosphorylation sites of pCPEB1 were identified and are suggested to be phosphorylated by porcine Aurora A. 相似文献
87.
Soil erosion by water is a common environmental problem which can affect the sustainable development and the agriculture of
developing countries especially. Therefore, several countries, threatened by this phenomenon, adopt different measures to
preserve and protect their natural resources. The main purpose of this study was to identify vulnerable areas to establish
a soil erosion risk map in Tunisia. In order to do so, an approach based on a combination of the Revised Universal Soil Loss
Equation (RUSLE) as an erosion model, Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing was applied. RUSLE, which is
a model to predict soil loss, is composed of five factors. Erosivity factor (R factor), erodibility factor (K factor), topography factor (LS factor), crop management factor (C factor), and supporting practices factor (P factor). Furthermore, in order to get the most accurate C factor for each land use, times series Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Enhanced Vegetation index (MODIS-EVI)
were used. MODIS-EVI time series was helpful for distinguishing vegetation dynamics with taking into account phenological
variation of the crops. The results indicated that Tunisia has a serious risk of soil erosion. Indeed, about 24.57% of our
study area had a soil loss rate more than 30 t/ha. In these areas, suitable and urgent measures and treatments should be required.
Finally, this approach which is based on remote sensing techniques, GIS and erosion model can be useful for planning appropriate
environmental decision-making policy in a global scale. 相似文献
88.
Fisheries Science - The decomposition of ATP in flounder and greenling muscle were compared at 0 and − 2 °C. The decomposition of inosine-5-monophosphate (IMP) and... 相似文献
89.
Suchanit Ngamkala Kunihiko Futami Masato Endo Masashi Maita Takayuki Katagiri 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(5):833-840
The present study histologically examined the effects of glucan-containing and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG)-containing diets on intestinal damages inflicted on Nile tilapia by Aeromonas challenges. Tilapia were fed control, glucan, and LGG diets for 2 weeks and were subsequently challenged with Aeromonas. The intestines were then histologically examined at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days post-infection. Mortality following the challenge
was lower for the fish fed the glucan and LGG diets. The intestines of these groups also showed increased inflammatory cell
infiltration and reduced intestinal damage from Aeromonas. Moreover, inflammatory cell infiltration occurred more rapidly in the glucan-fed than in the LGG-fed fish following the
challenge. Before the challenge, the dominant mucous cell was the acid type in all the tests. After the challenge, the main
mucus cell type in the proximal intestine of the glucan-fed fish shifted to AB-PAS double-staining cells, while in the LGG-fed
fish, it remained the acid type throughout the test period, and the number of double-staining cells was smaller than in the
control fish after the challenge. Thus, the different mucous cell and inflammatory cell responses show that glucan and LGG
might have different immunostimulative effects, although they both reduced the intestinal damage following Aeromonas challenges. 相似文献
90.
Three types of proteinases, namely cysteine, metallo, and serine proteinases, were found in squid hepatopancreas by studying
the inhibition spectra using carp myofibril as substrate. The cysteine, metallo, and serine types showed the highest activities
at 50, 35, and 40°C, respectively. The optimal pHs were 5, 7, and 9 for the cysteine, metallo, and serine types, respectively.
When assayed at 20°C and pH 7.5, the metallo type showed the highest activity. The metallo type was characterized by a high
selectivity in the digestion of myosin. Among the three enzymes, the cysteine type was found to be the most stable against
thermal and acid treatments. Heat-treated myofibrils were more susceptible to the cysteine and serine types, but less susceptible
to the metallo type. Acid treatment of myofibrils also enhanced the digestibility by the cysteine type. The results indicated
that the cysteine type seemed to be the most suitable enzyme to produce peptides from denatured myofibrils by their random
digestion. 相似文献