萝卜肉质根产量与主要性状相关及通径分析

试验运用相关及通径分析,对萝卜杂交组合的株高、展开度、外露长、叶重、叶片长、叶片宽、叶片数、根长、根粗9个相关农艺性状与肉质根产量进行了分析。结果表明,萝卜杂交组合单根重与其相关性状的直接通径系数是：株高-0.3176、展开度0.3338、外露长0.7369、叶重-0.1175、叶片数0.0626、叶片宽-0.1773、叶片长0.0267、根长0.4839、根粗0.4420。外露长〉根长〉叶重〉株高〉展开度〉根粗〉叶片长〉叶柄长〉叶片数〉叶片宽〉叶柄宽。     

梨不同品种果实香气成分的GC-MS分析

采用顶空萃取和气相色谱质谱联用技术分析了3个白梨品种与3个砂梨品种商熟期果实香气成分。结果表明,参试的6个梨品种主要香气成分种类数及其质量分数、主要香气类别质量分数与香气总量均存在一定差异,其中3个白梨品种香气总量、醛类物质质量分数及其在香气总量中的比例均明显高于3个砂梨品种;己醛为6个参试梨品种共有的质量分数均为最高的香气成分;己醛、1-己醇及乙酸己酯是6个梨品种共有的特征香气成分,参试的6个梨品种特征香气成分及其香气值均存在一定差异,其中3个白梨品种己醛和乙酸己酯的香气值均明显高于3个砂梨品种。     

基于ansys10.0的转盘梁的承载梁静力分析

转盘梁作为钻机的主要部件,其结构方案的优劣很大程度上影响和决定着钻机方案的优劣,在钻机设计中底座技术更是钻机的关键技术之一。通过对4000 m及以上钻机底座的转盘梁的特点及典型结构进行分析,提出了钻机底座转盘梁的技术方案和设计要点。     

塔里木河流域叶尔羌高原鳅的生物学调查

由于塔里木河流域的水质不断受到污染、鱼类生态遭到破坏,研究开发塔里木河流域土著鱼类迫在眉睫.2005年9月至2007年5月,先后数次对塔里木河流域优势七著鱼类--叶尔羌高原鳅的生活习性、周期洄游习性、生长繁殖习性等方面进行了调查和详细的观察研究,并随机取168尾,解剖其肠道,观察内容物.其结果显示:塔里木河流域优势土著鱼类--叶尔羌高原鳅具有底栖生活、周期性洄游、择地产卵繁殖、摄食凶猛等生物学特点,是以动物蛋白质为主的偏肉杂食性鱼类.     

Acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of sterols and phlorotannins from Ecklonia stolonifera

ABSTRACT:   As part of this study on the isolation of cholinesterase inhibitors from natural marine products, the bioactivity of the ethanolic extracts from 27 Korean seaweeds were screened using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory assays. Ecklonia stolonifera exhibited promising inhibitory properties against both AChE and BChE. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the active n -hexane and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) soluble fractions, obtained from the ethanolic extract of E. stolonifera , resulted in the isolation of the sterols; fucosterol ( 1 ) and 24-hydroperoxy 24-vinylcholesterol ( 2 ), from the n -hexane fraction and the phlorotannins; phloroglucinol ( 3 ), eckstolonol ( 4 ), eckol ( 5 ), phlorofucofuroeckol-A ( 6 ), dieckol ( 7 ), triphlorethol-A ( 8 ), 2-phloroeckol ( 9 ) and 7-phloroeckol ( 10 ), from the EtOAc fraction. Of these, compounds 2 , 9 and 10 were isolated from E. stolonifera for the first time. Compounds 4 – 7 , 9 and 10 exhibited inhibitory potential against AChE, with 50% inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) values of 42.66 ± 8.48, 20.56 ± 5.61, 4.89 ± 2.28, 17.11 ± 3.24, 38.13 ± 4.95 and 21.11 ± 4.16 μM, respectively; whereas, compounds 1 , 2 , 4 and 6 were found to be active against BChE, with IC₅₀ values of 421.72 ± 1.43, 176.46 ± 2.51, 230.27 ± 3.52 and 136.71 ± 3.33 μM, respectively. It has been suggested that the inhibition of these enzymes by the sterols and phlorotannins derived from marine brown algae could be a useful approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.     

An investigation on the comparison of wet spinning and electrospinning: Experimentation and simulation

Polysulfonamide (PSA) has been widely used in many fields because of its excellent thermodynamic properties. In this study, PSA fibers were prepared separately via two different spinning ways, including conventional wet spinning and electrospinning. Fluid motion of wet spinning and electrostatic field of electrospinning were modeled using finite element analysis to investigate the spinning process. The properties of fabricated PSA fibers were characterized systematically by scanning electron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravity analysis (TGA) and electronic strength tester. Based on the simulation and theoretical analysis of spinning process, it was found that the extruding force of the wet spinning is larger than that of the electrospinning. The larger extruding force makes the alignment of macromolecules inside fiber relatively uniform, and a higher proportion of crystallization happens. Accordingly, the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PSA fibers could be improved due to a higher proportion of crystallization. The experimental results of mechanical strength and TG test are coincided with the simulation results. PSA fiber prepared by wet spinning has better thermal stability and mechanical properties than that fabricated by electrospinning.     

桑植县茶产业现状及发展对策

通过对桑植县茶产业现状进行实地考察调研,剖析桑植县茶产业发展的优势与不足,提出桑植县茶产业发展的对策措施。     

滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田对土壤理化性质及棉花产量的影响

在滨海盐碱地定点设置连续3年棉花秸秆还田和未还田2个处理,研究其对0~60 cm土层土壤理化性质和棉花产量的影响。结果表明,连续3年棉花秸秆还田显著降低0~30 cm土层土壤容重和0~10 cm土层0.25 mm土壤微团聚体含量;显著提高0~10 cm土层5 mm土壤大团聚体含量。在0~20 cm土层,3年秸秆还田显著提高棉花播前和各生育阶段土壤有机质、硝态氮、铵态氮和速效钾含量,平均分别比对照提高13.45%、18.57%、22.80%和22.57%;降低土壤速效磷和含盐量,平均分别比对照降低18.29%和16.59%。在20~40 cm土层,3年秸秆还田显著提高土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量,平均比对照提高37.20%和31.62%;显著降低土壤含盐量,平均比对照降低19.06%。在40~60 cm土层,3年秸秆还田显著提高土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量,平均分别比对照提高38.26%和24.83%。3年棉花秸秆还田分别比未还田显著提高棉花籽棉产量11.57%、19.01%和13.24%和皮棉产量18.56%、19.78%和18.73%,但对棉花单铃重和衣分无显著影响。     

Liraglutide ameliorates liver injury of type 2 diabetic mice via micro-RNA-33-AMPK pathway

AIM: To observe the effects of liraglutide on the level of microRNA-33 (miR-33) and the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and apoptosis-related proteins in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS: High-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin were used to establish the type 2 diabetic model in C57BL/6 mice. The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15):in control group, the normal mice were subcutaneously injected with equivalent volume of saline; in model group, the T2DM mice were subcutaneously injected with equivalent volume of saline; in low-and high-dose liraglutide treatment groups, the T2DM mice were subcutaneously injected with 100 and 200 μg·kg^-1·d^-1, respectively. After 4 weeks of administration, the levels of FBG, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, ALT and AST were determined. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the liver tissues. The protein level of cleaved caspase-3 in the liver tissue was detected by the technique of immunofluorescence. The protein levels of p-AMPK/AMPK and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blot. The expression of miR-33 in the liver tissues was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS: Compared with model group, the contents of FBG, TG, TC, LDL-C, ALT and AST were decreased significantly, while the content of HDL-C was increased significantly in low-dose liraglutide group and high-dose liraglutide group (P<0.05). The protein levels of phosphorylated AMPK and Bcl-2 were up-regulated significantly, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3 was down-regulated significantly (P<0.05). The level of miR-33 was decreased significantly (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Liraglutide alleviates liver injury in type 2 diabetic mice, and the mechanism may be associated with reducing the level of miR-33 and increasing the phosphorylation of AMPK in the liver tissues, thereby inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.     

土壤中解磷细菌的分离筛选

为筛选出高效的解磷微生物,提高磷的有效利用,采集向日葵、小麦、豆科等不同种植区单株的根际土壤,采用平板溶菌圈法从土壤中进行分离筛选,初步筛选出3株解磷菌JLX-1、JLX-2、JLX-3,研究不同条件对其解磷能力的影响。结果表明:菌株JLX-3的解磷能力较高,溶磷圈直径和菌落直径比值D/d为2.09。菌株JLX-3在碳源为葡萄糖、氮源为硫酸铵时,溶磷量分别为5.572、5.520mg·g~(-1),在氯化钠浓度为0.3g·L~(-1)、pH 7时解磷效果较好。根据形态特征和生理生化特征,初步将菌株JLX-3鉴定为芽孢杆菌。