Influences of dietary fatty acid profile on growth, body composition and blood chemistry in juvenile fat cod (Hexagrammos otakii Jordan et Starks)

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary lipid source and n‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 HUFA) level on growth, body composition and blood chemistry of juvenile fat cod. Triplicate groups of fish (13.2 ± 0.54 g) were fed the diets containing different n‐3 HUFA levels (0–30 g kg^?1) adjusted by either lauric acid or different proportions of corn oil, linseed oil and squid liver oil at 100 g kg^?1 of total lipid level. Survival was not affected by dietary fatty acids composition. Weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of fish fed the diets containing squid liver oil were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those fed the diets containing lauric acid, corn oil or linseed oil as the sole lipid source. Weight gain, feed efficiency and PER of fish increased with increasing dietary n‐3 HUFA level up to 12–16 g kg^?1, but the values decreased in fish fed the diet containing 30 g kg^?1 n‐3 HUFA. The result of second‐order polynomial regression showed that the maximum weight gain and feed efficiency could be attained at 17 g kg^?1 n‐3 HUFA. Plasma protein, glucose and cholesterol contents were not affected by dietary fatty acids composition. However, plasma triglyceride content in fish fed the diet containing lauric acid as the sole lipid source was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of fish fed the other diets. Lipid content of fish fed the diets containing each of lauric acid or corn oil was lower than that of fish fed the diets containing linseed oil or squid liver oil only. Fatty acid composition of polar and neutral lipid fractions in the whole body of fat cod fed the diets containing various levels of n‐3 HUFA were reflected by dietary fatty acids compositions. The contents of n‐3 HUFA in polar and neutral lipids of fish increased with an increase in dietary n‐3 HUFA level. These results indicate that dietary n‐3 HUFA are essential and the diet containing 12–17 g kg^?1 n‐3 HUFA is optimal for growth and efficient feed utilization of juvenile fat cod, however, excessive n‐3 HUFA supplement may impair the growth of fish.     

粳稻“龙锦1号/香软米1578” F3家系群糙米矿质元素含量变异及相关性分析

 利用粳稻品种间杂交组合“龙锦1号/香软米1578”的196份F3家系,对糙米中Fe、Se、Zn、Cu、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na和P等10种矿质元素含量的变异及其相关性进行了分析。 10种矿质元素在F3家系间均有较大的变异,其中Na含量变异最大,Zn含量变异最小,变异系数分别为77.69％和12.04％。各矿质元素含量的变异系数大小顺序为Na>Se>Cu>Fe>Mg>Mn>Ca>P>K>Zn。不同矿质元素含量也有较大的差异,F3家系群各矿质元素含量平均值高低排序为P>K>Mg>Ca>Fe>Mn>Zn>Na>Cu>Se。糙米中10种矿质元素含量在F3家系群中均表现为正态分布,为由多基因控制的数量性状。Zn与Fe、Cu,Mn与Mg、Ca、K、P,Ca与Mg、K、Na、P,Mg与K、P,P与K、Na含量呈显著或极显著正相关,而Fe与Se、Mn与Na、Mg与Na含量呈显著或极显著负相关。Mn、Ca、Mg、K、P含量与其他矿质元素含量间的相关关系较Fe、Se、Cu、Zn含量与其他矿质元素含量间的相关关系更为密切。     

世界不同地理来源粳稻品种的遗传相似性研究

 【目的】探讨不同国家（或地区和组织）间粳稻选育品种的遗传相似性和遗传差异,旨在为世界各地的粳稻品种能够有效利用于水稻育种提供科学依据。【方法】利用34对SSR引物对不同地理来源包括20个国家（或地区和组织）的313份粳稻选育品种进行遗传相似性和聚类分析。【结果】共检测到198个等位基因,平均每对SSR引物检测到的等位基因数为5.8235个。RM320、RM531、RM1、RM21和RM336的等位基因数较多,分别为16、13、12、10和10个;RM320、RM336、RM286、RM531和RM21的遗传多样性指数较高,分别为2.3668、2.0041、1.9684、1.9508和1.7203。各国家（或地区和组织）粳稻选育品种的遗传相似系数变异范围为0.279～0.918,平均值为0.653。纬度和地理位置相近的国家间粳稻品种的遗传相似系数较大,基本聚为同一个类群,而纬度差异较大,地理位置较远的国家间粳稻品种的遗传相似系数较小,聚为不同类群。 【结论】粳稻品种的遗传相似性与纬度和地理位置有着密切的联系。     

水稻蛋白质含量的遗传研究进展

 蛋白质含量的高低是衡量稻米营养价值的主要指标之一,因此提高蛋白质含量是稻米营养品质育种的重要目标。本文阐述了水稻蛋白质种类、氨基酸组成及其营养价值,并概括了水稻不同基因型和不同部位或组织间蛋白质含量的差异、蛋白质含量的遗传及分子机理以及种质创新的研究现状,可为水稻蛋白质含量的深入研究和高蛋白种质创新提供参考。     

一种新型环境修复材料的制备及其功能分析

以韩国特有的五色长石黏土矿物为原料,经特殊方式加工后制成一种新型环境修复制剂（简称QE粉末）。为了探索该新型材料的基本理化性质及其在环境修复领域的应用潜质,分别研究了QE粉末对铁钉氧化及水体pH值和非接触条件下对水体理化性质的影响,以及QE粉末自身表面放热的情况。结果表明：与常规的SiO₂粉末及空白对照相比,QE粉末能降低铁钉在盐水中的氧化程度;其抗氧化性通过铁钉在盐水中氧化形成的沉淀物（Fe₂O₃）表征,QE粉末形成的棕红色絮状物最少,说明其抗氧化性最好。此外,QE粉末能调节水体pH值,并稳定在7.5左右。在非接触条件下,QE粉末可平衡水体pH值,提高水体温度,降低水体氧化还原电位;其对水体的密度、表面张力等理化性质也均有一定影响。对QE粉末表面的热分布场的测试结果表明,QE粉末的放热比SiO₂粉末增加0.1～0.6℃。最后,对QE粉末在盐碱土壤改良、石油土壤修复、水体富营养化和堆肥资源化等方面的潜在应用价值进行探讨。     

Relationship between radioresistance and microRNA in the same genetic background nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

AIM:To discuss the relationship between the discrepancy of microRNA (miRNA) and radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells CNE-2R and CNE-2 on the basis of validating their different radioresistance.METHODS:Following the exposure of X ray on the clones of CNE-2R and CNE-2 cells, the dose-survival curve and biological characteristics of CNE-2R and CNE-2 cells were determined by SigmaPlot software and the linear quadratic model of survival curve analysis.MicroRNAs were detected by μParafloTM microfluidic chip, hybridization images collected by a laser scanner (GenePix 4000B, Molecular Device) and the signals normalized by a LOWESS filter.The relationship between the discrepancy of NPC radioresistance and the expression of miRNA was predicted according to Targetscan3.1 database (http://www.targetscan.org) after analyzing the data.RESULTS:Compared to CNE-2 cells, 37 miRNAs were gain-of-function and 29 miRNAs were loss-of- function in CNE-2R cells among 719 detected miRNAs.12 miRNAs that detective value was more than 2 000 and 2 folds than the other were hsa-miR-200b, hsa-miR-224, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-205, hsa-let-7e, hsa-let-7g, hsa-miR-19b, hsa-miR-24, hsa-miR-103, hsa-miR-106b and hsa-miR-93.Data showed that the distinct discrepancy of miRNAs was related to radioresistance.CONCLUSION:The discrepancy of miRNAs is present in different radioresistant NPC cell lines and related to radioresistance.     

柑橘黑斑病反射光谱特性与染病果实检测方法研究

通过对光谱仪采集的340~1 030 nm柑橘健康与感染黑斑区域光谱进行分析,在探明健康和黑斑病不同症状光谱特性的基础上,提出主成分分析结合特征排序的方法,选择出可识别染病与健康样本的最优波长(525 nm)建立SMO分类模型;基于序列浮动前向选择方法优选出4个特征波长(678、740、794、879 nm),建立C4.5算法识别柑橘黑斑病3种症状的方法。试验结果表明,用525 nm波长建立的SMO分类模型对健康和染病果样本的识别率达99.37%,硬斑型、破裂型和黑斑型症状的识别率分别为81.85%、71.88%和67.57%,3种症状的平均识别率为73.77%,比前人方法提高了12.77个百分点。     

连翘提取物对肉仔鸡热应激下生长性能和抗氧化活性的影响

选用1日龄健康的爱拔益加肉公雏196只,平均体重为(38.8±1.3)g,研究连翘提取物(FSE)对热应激(32±1)℃环境下肉鸡生长性能和抗氧化能力的影响。将肉仔鸡随机分为3个处理,每个处理14个重复,每个重复6只鸡。日粮处理组,分别为空白对照组(NC),维生素C组(PC):基础日粮+维生素C200mg/kg;连翘提取物组(FSE):基础日粮+FSE100mg/kg。结果表明:试验前期各处理间生长性能没有显著性差异。试验后期FSE组与NC组相比日增重显著提高(P<0.05),并且饲料转化率提高。FSE组比NC组血液总抗氧化能力(TAOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量显著提高(P<0.05),而丙二醛(MDA)水平下降。从试验全期看FSE组比NC组肝脏SOD含量显著提高(P<0.05)。说明FSE通过清除自由基途径,缓解活性氧对肠黏膜的损伤,改善营养物质消化率和生长性能,FSE有望成为高效天然抗氧化剂。     

间接荧光抗体法快速诊断海兰褐蛋鸡J亚群禽白血病的研究

某地区海兰褐蛋鸡发生肿瘤性传染病，经临床症状和病理学检查，在肝、脾、肾、卵巢、输卵管、肺、骨髓、腺胃、肠道等可见胞浆内充满球形嗜酸性颗粒的骨髓瘤细胞，呈灶状或弥漫性的分布。该变化是禽骨髓细胞瘤病病理学的特征性变化，具有证病意义。经用特异性抗J亚群白血病病毒囊膜蛋白gp85的单克隆抗体的免疫组化方法，在病料组织切片上检出病毒抗原，从而确诊为蛋鸡J亚群禽白血病。本研究是尝试用间接荧光抗体法来快速诊断该病。采用特异性抗J亚群禽白血病病毒囊膜蛋白gp85单克隆对组织触片作间接荧光抗体试验，检测J亚群禽白血病病毒抗原。在骨髓、食管、肌肉、输卵管、肾都出现了范围广而且很明亮的荧光；肝、肺、脾的荥光较为明亮；心脏的荧光较弱，但清晰可见。表明在病料组织中存在特异性病毒抗原。