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Kenichi MATSUI Takeshi OHTA Hisayo MORINAGA Tomohiko SASASE Sumiaki FUKUDA Makoto ITO Masatoshi UEDA Naoto OGAWA Katsuhiro MIYAJIMA Mutsuyoshi MATSUSHITA 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(5):605-613
Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats, made by introducing the fa allele of the Zucker fatty rat into the SDT rat genome, represent a new model of obese type 2 diabetes. SDT fatty fa/fa (SDT fatty) rats exhibit overt obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia from about six weeks of age, and this is associated with hyperphagia by an induced disorder of leptin action. The present study was conducted to elucidate whether suppression of hyperphagia can improve reduce abnormalities in SDT fatty rats. SDT fatty rats were subjected to pair-feeding with SDT fatty +/ + (SDT) rats from 6 to 26 weeks of age, and the effects on metabolic parameters and diabetic complications were assessed. Body weights of the pair-fed rats were similar with those of SDT rats during the experimental period. Improvement of hyperglycemia or hypertriglyceridemia was observed from 8 to 16 or 12 weeks of age in the pair-fed rats, but hypercholesterolemia was not entirely improved during the experimental period. We also examined mRNAs expression in liver, and found that the expression associated with glyconeogenesis, such as glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), tended to decrease in the pair-fed rats, and the mRNA expression of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) was elevated. Renal parameters, such as blood urea nitrogen and urinary albumin excretion, were improved in the pair-fed rats. The incidence or progression of diabetic complications, such as renal lesions and cataract, was reduced. In conclusion, suppression of hyperphagia in SDT fatty rats was effective in temporally improving hyperglycemia or hypertriglyceridemia, and reducing the incidence or progression of diabetic complications, but was ineffective in reducing hypercholesterolemia. 相似文献
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YUGO SHIMIZU KAZUTAKA TAKAHASHI SHIN-ICHI ITO SHIGEHO KAKEHI HIROAKI TATEBE ICHIRO YASUDA AKIRA KUSAKA TOMOHARU NAKAYAMA 《Fisheries Oceanography》2009,18(5):312-327
The lateral transport of organic carbon in large grazing copepods ( Neocalanus cristatus, Neocalanus flemingeri, Neocalanus plumchrus and Eucalanus bungii ) from the Oyashio area to the mixed water region (MWR) by the coastal Oyashio intrusion was estimated using the data of VMPS (vertical multiple plankton sampler) and 1500 dbar-referred geostrophic transport from the CTD (conductivity temperature depth sensor) data of five cruises during June 2001 to April 2002 on a repeat observation section OICE (Oyashio Intensive observation line off Cape Erimo), which extends southeastward from Hokkaido Island, Japan. The transport to MWR by the coastal Oyashio intrusion was estimated to be 5.3 × 1011 g C for the four species. Data from profiling floats also indicated that the copepods were advected from OICE to MWR by the coastal Oyashio intrusion within about 2 months. This transport is considered to be one of the significant sources of organic carbon in MWR as it is larger than the amount of large zooplankton consumed by Pacific saury ( Cololabis saira ) in MWR, one of the dominant copepod predators in this region. 相似文献
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Keratometry in normal cats: a cross-sectional study in Japan using an
automated handheld keratometer
Minae KAWASAKI Tomoya FURUJO Kazuo AZUMA Yoshiharu OKAMOTO Norihiko ITO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(8):1256
Keratometry was performed in 73 domestic cats of varied signalment in Japan using an automated handheld keratometer. The mean corneal curvature radius was significantly lower for cats younger than 1 year than for those older than 2 years (8.04 mm vs. 8.80−8.99 mm, P<0.01). The radius was significantly greater in males than in females among the cats older than 11 years (9.22 mm vs. 8.84 mm, P=0.01), while the age distributions of the males and females were similar. Corneal astigmatism did not significantly differ across the gender and age groups. The predictability of the corneal curvature and astigmatism was approximately 41−43% and less than 3%, respectively, as a function of age and bodyweight. The results highlighted some age- and sex-related keratometric variations in domestic cats in Japan. 相似文献
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Natural non-allophanic Andosols often show aluminum (Al) toxicity to Al-sensitive plant roots. The significance of Al–humus complexes to Al toxicity has been emphasized. Allophanic Andosols also possess Al–humus complexes, but they rarely show any toxicity. In the present study, using model substances, we tested the toxicity of Al–humus complexes and its amelioration with allophanic materials. We extracted humic substances from the A horizons of a non-allophanic Andosol and an allophanic Andosol using a NaOH solution, and reacted the humic substances and partially neutralized AlCl3 solution at pH 4. Allophanic material was purified from commercial Kanuma pumice. Plant growth tests were conducted using a medium containing the Al–humus complexes (50 g kg−1 ), the allophanic material (0, 90, 180 and 360 g kg−1 ) and perlite. The root growth of barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) and burdock ( Arctium lappa ) was reduced in the media containing the Al–humus complexes derived from both the non-allophanic and allophanic Andosols when the allophanic material was not added. With the addition of the allophanic materials, particularly in the 360 g kg−1 treatment, the growth of the barley roots was improved markedly. Although the root growth of the burdock tended to improve with allophanic materials, the effect was weaker than that for barley. Monomeric Al in a solution of the medium was not detected (< 0.05 mg L−1 ) following the addition of 360 g kg−1 of allophanic materials, whereas 0.8–1.7 mg L−1 Al was recorded without the allophanic material. 相似文献
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Junya ITO Tomoko YOSHIDA Yasushi KASAI Takuya WAKAI Jan B. PARYS Rafael A. FISSORE Naomi KASHIWAZAKI 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(1):34-41
During fertilization in mammalian species, a sperm-induced intracellular Ca2+ signal ([Ca2+ ]i ) mediates both exit of meiosis and oocyte activation. Recently, we demonstrated in mouse oocytes that the phosphorylation levels of inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptor type1 (IP3 R1), the channel responsible for Ca2+ release and oscillations during fertilization, changed during maturation and fertilization. Therefore, we examined the expression and phosphorylation of IP3 R1 during in vitro maturation of pig oocytes. Here, our present study shows that expression of IP3 R1 protein did not change during maturation, although the phosphorylation status of the receptor, specifically at an MPM-2 epitope, did. We found that while at the beginning of maturation IP3 R1 lacked MPM-2 immunoreactivity, it became MPM-2 reactive by 24 h and reached maximal reactivity by 36 h. Interestingly, the acquisition of MPM-2 reactivity coincided with the activation of p34cdc2 kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which are involved in meiotic progression. Following completion of maturation, inactivation of MAPK by U0126 did not affect IP3 R1 phosphorylation, although inactivation of p34cdc2 kinase by roscovitine dramatically reduced IP3 R1 phosphorylation. Neither inhibitor affected total expression of IP3 R1. Altogether, our results show that IP3 R1 undergoes dynamic phosphorylation during maturation and this might underlie the generation of oscillations at fertilization. 相似文献
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Mio KOBAYASHI Toshinori YOSHIDA Risako YAMASHITA Ryo ICHIKAWA Junta NAKAHARA Kazuki NAKAMURA Hiromu OKANO Yasunori TAKAHASHI Nanao ITO Makoto SHIBUTANI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(6):994
We encountered a case of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a 17-year-old female koala at a zoo. A fragile, papillary, elevated mass was found on the third digit of the right hind limb. SCC was identified histopathologically: squamous cell-like polygonal tumor cells showed a nest-like growth pattern with epidermal down growth, central keratinization and necrotic foci, and invaded dermal connective tissues. Metastatic lesions were observed in various organs, including the lung and axillary lymph node: in the lung, multiple metastatic foci similar to the primary lesion, and in the axillary lymph node, individual polygonal tumor cells infiltrated the sinusoids. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, which exhibited 32–33% of labeling indices in the tumor cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of SCC in a digit of a koala. 相似文献
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Detection of Thiophanate-methyl-resistant Strains in Diplocarpon mail, Causal Fungus of Apple Blotch
Shuhei TANAKA Nobue KAMEGAWA Shin-ichi ITO Mitsuro KAMEYA-IWAKI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2000,66(1):82-85
Isolates of Diplocarpon mali, causal fungus of apple blotch, collected from four prefectures in Japan in 1997–1998 were tested for sensitivity to thiophanate-methyl.
Results from mycelial growth tests showed that MIC values of the fungicide were 0.19 μg/ml against all isolates from Akita,
Nagano and Saga prefectures but 100 or 200 μg/ml against all isolates from the Tokusa area in Yamaguchi prefecture. Detached
apple leaves sprayed with the fungicide developed severe symptoms when inoculated with the isolate from Tokusa, but developed
no symptoms with the isolate from Nagano. These results are the first confirmation of thiophanate-methyl-resistant strains
in D. mali.
Received 1 September 1999/ Accepted in revised form 15 October 1999 相似文献
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