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排序方式: 共有410条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
311.
Rui Hasegawa Izumi Iwase Tomohiro Takagi Moeri Kondo Motozumi Matsui Chiho Kawashima 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(12):1544-1555
To investigate the relationship between insulin resistance indices [“Revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index” (RQUICKI; RQ), “Revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index ‐ β‐hydroxybutyrate” (RQUICKIBHB; RQBHB), and “Homeostasis model assessment‐insulin resistance” (HOMA‐IR; HR)], and metabolic parameters in dams during late gestation, and their newborn calves. Blood was sampled twice weekly during the experimental period in 30 dry Holstein cows. In calves, blood sampling and body weight measurements were performed immediately after birth, and in 1‐week‐old male calves, liver and muscle biopsy samples were obtained for determining metabolic factor mRNA levels. RQ and RQBHB were negatively correlated with insulin, nonesterified fatty acid, BHB, and albumin and were positively correlated with leptin levels in blood during late gestation (p < .05). RQ, rather than RQBHB, reflected metabolism of dams, while stronger positive correlations were present between HR and blood insulin concentrations than other parameters, and calves of dams with high HR had low body weight, and high liver and muscle expression of growth hormone and insulin receptor mRNA (p < .05). RQ and HR of dams during late gestation could serve as indicators of dam metabolism and predictors of metabolism in newborn calves respectively. 相似文献
312.
Contrasting life-history strategies of long versus short pre-reproductive phases are known in adult dragonflies (Odonata)
of temperate regions. Because the long-phase species spend a longer time in terrestrial habitats such as grasslands or woodlands
during their pre-reproductive phase, we hypothesized that long-phase species would be more sensitive to landscape structure
than short-phase species. To test this hypothesis, we conducted periodic censuses of adult dragonflies at small man-made ponds.
We compared the two above functional groups in terms of the degree to which species occurrence depended on landscape structure.
The difference among the two groups was not significant, but occurrence of long-phase species tended to depend on landscape
structure. Long-phase species responded to landscape structure at larger spatial scales and showed stronger spatial autocorrelation
in their occurrence among sampling ponds than short-phase species. 相似文献
313.
Keisuke SUGIMOTO Yoko FUJII Hiroshi SUNAHARA Takuma AOKI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1101-1108
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats is characterized by concentric left
ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and both diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Although
impaired cardiac function detected by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in cats with HCM was
previously reported, reference ranges of TDI in normal cats and cats with HCM have been
reported as widely variable. Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) was
useful for assessment of cardiac function in human patients with HCM, but clinical utility
was not known in cats. The aim of this study was to assess global and segmental LV
myocardial function using STE in cats with HCM whose TDI variables were within the
reference range. A total of 35 cats of different breeds were enrolled in this study. The
HCM group (n=22) was cats diagnosed as HCM without left atrial enlargement and with normal
TDI measurements. HCM cats were further divided into a segmental hypertrophy (S-HCM) group
and a diffuse hypertrophy (D-HCM) group. The control group consisted of 13 clinically
healthy cats. No cats in any group showed any clinical symptoms. Conventional
echocardiography, TDI, and global and segmental STE indices were evaluated and compared
between groups. Only the longitudinal strain rate during early diastole was significantly
decreased in both HCM groups, even in all segments including those without hypertrophy in
S-HCM group. This study suggests that STE parameters are the more sensitive variables
compared with conventional TDI parameters to detect early myocardial diastolic dysfunction
in cats with HCM. 相似文献
314.
Hiroshi SUNAHARA Yoko FUJII Keisuke SUGIMOTO Takuma AOKI Gou SUGAHARA Kinji SHIROTA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(1):95-99
A two-month-old female Chihuahua was diagnosed as severe pulmonary valvular
stenosis (PS). Although balloon valvuloplasty (BV) was successfully performed, restenosis
was observed 19 months after the procedure. Euthanasia was chosen due to low output
syndrome during the surgical repair attempted when the dog was 5 years old. Postmortem
examination revealed markedly thickened pulmonary valve due to the increase of
extracellular matrix which might be produced by increased α smooth muscle actin-positive
myofibroblasts. The thickening of the valve was associated with restriction of the valve’s
motion, resulting in restenosis in the present case. This is the first case report
documented histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of the restenotic pulmonary
valve in dogs with PS after BV. 相似文献
315.
Soil N transformation was investigated using15N dilution method along a slope on a conifer plantation forest. Although there was no significant difference in the net N
mineralization rates by laboratory incubation, net nitrification rates increased downslope. Gross N transformation by15N dilution method showed a distinct difference not only on the rates, but also on the main process between the lower and the
upper of the slope. Half of minelarized N was immobilized and the other half was left in NH
4
+
pool at the upper part of the slope, while all of mineralized N was used for immobilization or nitrification and NH
4
+
pool decreased at the lower of the slope. Soil N transformations were classified into two groups: one was shown below 773
m and the other was shown above 782 m. The incubation with nitrification inhibitor showed that nitrification was mainly conducted
by autotrophs irrespective of the position of the slope. Microbial biomass and microbial C/N were similar among the sites.
However, the gross mineralization rate was higher below 773 m than above 782 m under similar respiration rates. This suggests
that the substrate quality may be one of the controlling factors for soil N transformation. Extractable organic C/N was similar
to microbial C/N at the lower of the slope. It indicated that the substrate was more decomposable below 773 m. It is considered
that soil N transformation is affected by topographical gradient of moisture and nutrient which makes plant growth and decomposition
rate different. 相似文献
316.
317.
Influence of heating history on dynamic viscoelastic properties and dimensions of dry wood 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
To obtain new information about the mechanical and physical properties of dry wood in unstable states, the influence of heating
history on viscoelastic properties and dimensional changes of dry wood in the radial, tangential, and longitudinal directions
was studied between 100° and 200°C. Unstable states of dry wood still existed after heating at 105°C for 30 min and were modified
by activated molecular motion in the first heating process to temperatures above 105°C. This phenomenon is thought to be caused
by the unstable states reappearing after wetting and drying again. Dry wood components did not completely approach the stable
state in the temperature range tested, because they did not entirely surpass the glass transition temperatures in most of
the temperature range. In constant temperature processes at 135° and 165°C, E′ increased and E″ decreased with time regardless of the direction. This indicated that the unstable states of dry wood components were gradually
modified with time at constant temperatures. On the other hand, anisotropy of dimensional change existed and dimension increased
in the longitudinal direction, was unchanged in the radial direction, and decreased in the tangential direction with time
at constant temperatures.
Part of this report was presented at the 13th Annual Meeting of the Chubu Branch of the Japan Wood Research Society, Shizuoka,
August 2003 相似文献
318.
Trinh Thi Phuong Vy Gang-Su Hyon Nguyen Thi Thanh Nga Yoshihiro Inoue Izumi Chuma Yukio Tosa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2014,80(1):59-65
Lolium isolate TP2 of Pyricularia oryzae, causal agent of gray leaf spot of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), is virulent on perennial ryegrass, but avirulent on wheat cultivars. Genetic analysis of wheat F2 populations revealed that the resistance of wheat cultivars Chinese Spring, Shin-chunaga, and Norin 4 to TP2 was conditioned by two genes, R1 and R2. R1 was highly effective, while R2 was less effective. The strong resistance gene R1, designated Rmg6, was mapped on chromosome 1D using microsatellite markers. For revealing genetic mechanisms of avirulence, TP2 was crossed with Triticum isolate Br48. Segregation analysis of their F1 progenies revealed that the avirulence of TP2 on the three wheat cultivars was conditioned by two unlinked genes, one (A1) highly effective and the other (A2) less effective. These results suggest that the incompatibility between TP2 and the common wheat cultivars is conditioned by two gene pairs; the Rmg6–A1 interaction results in strong resistance, and the R2–A2 interaction results in moderate resistance. 相似文献
319.
Yusuke TANAKA Keisuke SUGANUMA Kenichi WATANABE Yoshiyasu KOBAYASHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(8):1212
Dourine, caused by infection with Trypanosoma equiperdum, is one of the trypanosomiasis in equids. The clinical course of dourine is long-term, ranging from 1–2 months to several years. Since the pathogenesis of dourine has not yet been elucidated, experimental studies using mouse infection models are needed. Although mice are not susceptible to most T. equiperdum strains, some strains can infect mice. Even in such strains, infected mice develop rapidly transient parasitemia and die within 2–8 days. Therefore, mice experimentally infected with these T. equiperdum strains are not suitable for mouse infection models to analysis the pathogenesis of dourine. A sequential method of isolating parasites from dourine-affected horses and adapting them to in vitro cultures using soft agarose media was recently developed. Various T. equiperdum strains adapted to in vitro conditions have been established using this technique. We used one of these strains, the T. equiperdum IVM-t2 strain. In the present study, T. equiperdum IVM-t2 strain inoculated mice developed periodic parasitemia during the experimental period of 60 days. Histopathologically, vaginitis and dermatitis were observed. These findings were comparable to those of dourine-affected horses. Therefore, mice infected with T. equiperdum IVM-t2 strain may be a valuable tool for pathological, immunological, and parasitological in vivo research, and will contribute to investigations on the mechanisms underlying the disease process and the host-parasite relationship. 相似文献
320.
Samet Can Söylemez Keisuke Murakami Carlos Augusto Strüssmann Masashi Yokota Seiichi Watanabe 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(3):437-444
This study examined the ability of late stage (instar XXVI) Japanese spiny lobster Panulirus japonicus phyllosoma larvae to uptake seven l-type amino acids (AAs; aspartic acid, Asp; threonine, Thr; glutamic acid, Glu; glycine, Gly; alanine, Ala; valine, Val; and
methionine, Met) from the rearing medium. The time course uptake during incubation for 5 h in solutions containing 1, 2, 5,
10, or 20 μM of each AA was determined using high performance liquid chromatography. There was considerable individual variation
in uptake rates and even occasional release of AAs, but larvae showed net uptakes of all seven AAs. Two polar acidic AAs (Glu
and Asp) were readily taken up whereas neutral AAs, including three considered as essential for crustaceans (Val, Met, and
Thr), had lower uptake rates. Transient releases of AAs by the larvae were common for the AAs with the lowest uptake rates
at 1–2 h of incubation. Uptake rates increased with increasing AA concentration but less so for those taken up in larger amounts.
Larvae took up AAs to a total of 16.4 μmol/g/h for incubation in the 20 μM solution. The ability to uptake nutrients directly
from the medium may be important for the well-being of the larvae. 相似文献