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81.
Hitomi MATSUNARI Toshihiro KOBAYASHI Masahito WATANABE Kazuhiro UMEYAMA Kazuaki NAKANO Takahiro KANAI Taisuke MATSUDA Masaki NAGAYA Manami HARA Hiromitsu NAKAUCHI Hiroshi NAGASHIMA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(3):230-237
The development and regeneration of the pancreas is of considerable interest because of the role of these processes in
pancreatic diseases, such as diabetes. Here, we sought to develop a large animal model in which the pancreatic cell lineage
could be tracked. The pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx1) gene promoter was conjugated to Venus, a
green fluorescent protein, and introduced into 370 in vitro-matured porcine oocytes by intracytoplasmic
sperm injection-mediated gene transfer. These oocytes were transferred into four recipient gilts, all of which became
pregnant. Three gilts were sacrificed at 47–65 days of gestation, and the fourth was allowed to farrow. Seven of 16 fetuses
obtained were transgenic (Tg) and exhibited pancreas-specific green fluorescence. The fourth recipient gilt produced a litter
of six piglets, two of which were Tg. The founder Tg offspring matured normally and produced healthy first-generation (G1)
progeny. A postweaning autopsy of four 27-day-old G1 Tg piglets confirmed the pancreas-specific Venus expression.
Immunostaining of the pancreatic tissue indicated the transgene was expressed in β-cells. Pancreatic islets from Tg pigs were
transplanted under the renal capsules of NOD/SCID mice and expressed fluorescence up to one month after transplantation. Tg
G1 pigs developed normally and had blood glucose levels within the normal range. Insulin levels before and after sexual
maturity were within normal ranges, as were other blood biochemistry parameters, indicating that pancreatic function was
normal. We conclude that Pdx1-Venus Tg pigs represent a large animal model suitable for research on
pancreatic development/regeneration and diabetes. 相似文献
82.
83.
Manabu MATSUDA Keiko KUROSAKI Naomichi OKAMURA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(4):274-279
Exposure of mice to a high dose of estrogens including diethylstilbestrol (DES) during the neonatal period modifies the
developmental plan of the genital tract, which leads to various permanent changes in physiology, morphology and gene expression.
These changes include development of an abnormal vaginal epithelium lined with hyperplastic mucinous cells accompanied by
Tff1 gene expression in mice. Here, the influence of vitamin D on the direct effect of estrogen on the
developing mouse vagina was examined. The mid-vagina of neonatal mice was cultured in a serum-free medium containing estradiol-17β
(E2) and various concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D) ex
vivo and then was transplanted under the renal capsule of ovariectomized host mice for 35 days. Exposure to
E2 alone caused the vaginal tissue to develop estrogen-independent epithelial hyperplasia and to express TFF1 mRNA,
while addition of a low nanomolar amount of 1,25(OH)2D added at the same time as E2 to the culture medium
attenuated the effects of estrogen. Expression of vitamin D receptor was also evident in the neonatal mouse vagina. Interestingly,
addition of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, a pro-activated form of vitamin D, at the micromolar level was found to be potent in
disrupting the developmental effects of E2, while cholecalciferol was not at least at the dose examined.
Correspondingly, expression of Cyp27B1, a kidney-specific 25-hydroxyvitamin D hydroxylase, was evident in the neonatal mouse
vagina when examined by RT-PCR. In addition, simultaneous administration of 1,25(OH)2D successfully attenuated
DES-induced ovary-independent hyperplasia in the vagina in neonatal mice in vivo. Thus, manipulation of vitamin D
influenced the harmful effects of estrogens on mouse vaginal development. 相似文献
84.
85.
Kazuya Tsuruta Yayoi Yoshida Norihisa Kusumoto Nobuhiro Sekine Tatsuya Ashitani Koetsu Takahashi 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(6):520-525
The growth inhibition activities of essential oils obtained from Cryptomeria japonica, Chamaecyparis obtusa, and Pinus thunbergii were examined against the bacillariophyceae Skeletonema costatum, also known as red tide plankton. The essential oils were extracted from the heartwood, leaves, and bark of these typical
indigenous Japanese conifers. The essential oils from C. japonica bark and P. thunbergii heartwood possessed strong growth inhibition activity. The chemical compositions of these essential oils were analyzed by
gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). α-Terpineol and longifolene were the main components of the essential oil from P. thunbergii heartwood. The C. japonica bark essential oil was mainly composed of α-terpineol, δ-cadinene, isophyllocladene, and ferruginol. Ferruginol and longifolene showed more potent growth inhibition against S. costatum than hinokitiol (β-thujaplicine), which is known to be a strong antifungal compound among wood components. Ferruginol and longifolene were important
factors for the growth inhibition activity of the essential oils from C. japonica bark and P. thunbergii heartwood, respectively. These results suggest the possibility of using C. japonica bark and P. thunbergii heartwood for the control of red tide plankton. 相似文献
86.
Hiroyuki Ohta Kazuya OgiwaraEri Murakami Hiroshi TakahashiMasaru Sekiguchi Kiyokazu KoshidaTakashi Someya Wataru MorishimaJose D Rondal Rogelio N ConcepcionMasao Yoshida Makiko Watanabe 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1155-1158
The diversity of bacterial populations developed in the surface layer (0-0.25 m depth) of volcanic mudflow deposits from the Mt. Pinatubo volcano (the Philippines) was investigated using quinone profiling. Samples were collected from sites (named N and S1) that had been hit repeatedly by mudflows during successive rainy seasons after the violent eruption of 1991 and also from sites (F1 and F3) covered by mudflow in 1991 but with no deposition in following years. The total microscopic count ranged from 108 g−1 (N and S1 sites) to 3.9×109 g−1(site F3). In the N sample only three quinone species were detected, while the quinone profiles of samples from sites S3 and F3 showed higher diversity. Tetrahydrogenated menaquinone with eight isoprenoid units [MK-8 (H4)] was the predominant quinone species in the sample from site N, while MK-8, MK-8 (H2), MK-8 (H4), MK-9 (H4) and MK-9 (H8) were found as major quinones in the sample from site F3. Because these MK species are known to be the major respiratory quinones of the Actinobacteria, this bacterial group is expected to predominate in the land with primary vegetation recovery following the impact of the volcanic mudflow. 相似文献
87.
Sakaguchi K Iima H Hirayama K Okamoto M Matsuda K Miyasho T Kasamatsu M Hasegawa K Taniyama H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(9):1217-1220
We report an atypical mycobacterial infection in an Indian flap-shelled turtle, Lissemys punctata punctata, that died in an aquarium in Japan. At necropsy, the turtle showed multiple white nodules on the capsular surface and parenchyma of various organs such as the liver, spleen, intestine, and lung. Histologically, granulomatous inflammation surrounding a central zone of necrosis was observed. Sections stained by the Ziehl-Neelsen method revealed numerous acid-fast bacilli in the cytoplasm of macrophages and in the central area of necrosis. The organisms were identified as a mycobacterial species by PCR and nucleotide sequence analysis and revealed 98-100% homology to M. ulcerans. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of mycobacteriosis due to M. ulcerans in a turtle. 相似文献
88.
JUN KOHBARA KAZUHIRO OOHARA TOMOYUKI MATSUDA IWAO HIDAKA KENJI TAKII HIDEMI KUMAI 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):862-871
Gustatory response of marbled rockfish Sebastiscus marmoratus was recorded from the facial nerve supplying the anterior palate. In amino acids, the lowest threshold was for L -proline at 10−6 –10−5 M; in ATP-related substances, the value for inosine was approximately 10−5 M and in organic acids, the value for L -lactic acid was approximately 10−6 M. An almost complete self-adaptation was observed for stimulants after 5 s application. While a weak solution of L -lactic acid as adapting stimulus depressed the response to it completely, it did not appreciably affect the response to 10-times or more concentrated L -lactic acid solution. In contrast to a weak solution, a moderate solution caused a severe depression of the response to stronger solutions, resulting in a shift of the dose–response curve towards a high concentration range. Time for recovery from adaptation differed depending on chemicals and stimulus duration: for 10−4 M L -lactic acid, it took about 2.3 and 4.5 s for 1/2 recovery of response magnitude under unadapted condition from the adaptation after 1 s- and 5 s-stimulation, respectively. L -Lactic acid and L -alanine strongly depressed the response to each other, yielding a rightward shift of the dose–response curve. A similar profound cross-adaptation was also observed between inosine and 5'-inosinic acid. The possible role of gustation is discussed. 相似文献
89.
Shimoyama Y Kirat D Akihara Y Kawasako K Komine M Hirayama K Matsuda K Okamoto M Iwano H Kato S Taniyama H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(6):599-604
In this study, the expression and distribution of monocarboxyolate transporter 1 (MCT1) along the intestines (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon and rectum) of dogs were investigated at both the mRNA and protein levels. The expression of MCT1 protein and its distribution were confirmed by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining using the antibody for MCT1. We identified mRNA coding for MCT1 and a 43-kDa band of MCT1 protein in all regions from the duodenum to the rectum. Immunoreactive staining for MCT1 was also observed in epithelial cells throughout the intestines. MCT1 immunoreactivity was greater in the large intestine than in the small intestine. MCT1 protein was predominantly expressed on the basolateral membranes along intestinal epithelial cells, suggesting that MCT1 may play an important role in lactate efflux and transport of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the bloodstream across the basolateral membranes of the dog intestine. 相似文献
90.
Kawasumi M Anzai M Takehara T Mitani T Kato H Saeki K Iritani A Matsumoto K Hosoi Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(3):615-622
The majority of somatic cell nuclear transferred (SCNT) embryos die before or after implantation. Many studies have focused on morphological remodeling of the donor nucleus and its associated cytoskeletal structures in the early events of nuclear transfer. However, little is known about the 2-cell stage of SCNT embryos after the first division. In this study, we compared the morphological status of chromosomal division during the 1-cell stage to the 2-cell stage in SCNT embryos with that in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) embryos. The microtubules and cytoplasmic asters, which are related to chromatin segregation, disappeared at the pronuclear stage, although formation of the first mitotic spindle was normal in both the SCNT and ICSI embryos. However, nuclear fragmentation was observed in 30% of the 2-cell SCNT embryos and 12% of the 2-cell ICSI embryos. Nuclear fragmentation was present in both blastomeres of these embryos. No apoptotic DNA fragmentation was observed in TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assays for either the SCNT or ICSI embryos. In both the SCNT and ICSI embryos, the distribution of chromosomes in the first mitotic spindle was disturbed during the process of division from the 1-cell stage to the 2-cell stage. These results suggest that loss of SCNT embryos just before or after implantation may be due to an abnormal chromosome distribution at the 2-cell stage. 相似文献