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101.
Akiko SEGUCHI Kazutaka MOGI Ei-ichi IZAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(4):520
Mesotocin (MT) is an avian homologue of oxytocin (OT). Behavioral pharmacological studies in birds have suggested the involvement of MT in socially affiliative behavior. However, investigations of peripheral MT levels associated with social behavior are lacking because non-invasive methods to measure surrogate plasma MT have yet to be established. This study aimed to measure urinary MT in crows using a commercially available OT enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Urine samples were collected after intravenous injection of MT and centrifuged to separate urine and fecal components. We found that urinary MT was significantly elevated 15–30 min after MT injection. These results validate our method for the use of urine samples for the measurement of peripheral MT levels in crows. 相似文献
102.
Naoya MATSUMOTO Nanako SAWAYAMA Megumi ITOH Takahito TOYOTOME Kazutaka YAMADA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(3):368
Captive penguins with respiratory diseases exhibit advanced pathological conditions upon the appearance of clinical signs. Therefore, the successful treatment of respiratory diseases remains difficult after the onset of clinical signs, leading to high mortality rates. In this study, we measured air sac volume using computed tomography (CT) to evaluate the respiratory condition of penguins. In a regular quarterly health checkup, blood samples were collected from 45 penguins housed at an aquarium in Hokkaido, Japan. A total of 12 penguins with abnormal blood parameters underwent CT. The air sac volumes were calculated in three-dimensional CT, and the scatter plots of the air sac volumes and body weights were analyzed. No correlation was found between the air sac volume and body weight in both the gentoo and king penguins. Two gentoo penguins with infiltration and one king penguin with multiple nodules on CT were tentatively diagnosed with aspergillosis and treated with oral administration of itraconazole. Follow-up CT examination was performed until the outcome: healed or died. The mean air sac volumes of the two gentoo penguins, which recovered after treatment, increased from 273.9 and 329.0 cm3 before healing to 449.0 and 424.6 cm3 after healing, respectively. Meanwhile, the air sac volume of the king penguin, which subsequently died, decreased from 1,556.9 to 920.6 cm3 despite treatment. Changes of the air sac volume in the same individual could be useful for evaluating the respiratory condition of penguins. 相似文献
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104.
Daisei Ando Mizue Murooka Kazutaka Shimoda Hirofumi Hayano Yoshitaka Sasaki Yasuyuki Miyakoshi Masamichi Nakajima 《Fisheries Science》2017,83(3):413-423
Hereditary causes of variation in the vertebral number of chum salmon were analyzed to estimate heritability for populations in the Chitose and Shikiu Rivers, Hokkaido Island, northern Japan. A total of 70 families were produced by diallel cross mating and then heritability was estimated using two statistical tests: a two-way ANOVA and a parent-offspring regression. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.26 to 1.91 and showed a strong correlation between the values from the two different tests. Estimates from female components were substantially higher than those from male components, which can be attributed to the maternal effect. Heritability in the Shikiu River population was shown to be higher than that in the Chitose River population. These results indicate that the heritability of vertebral number in chum salmon is generally high, and also that vertebral number is controlled by hereditary causes. 相似文献
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107.
Sanro Tachibana Etsuko Watanabe Junichiro Ueno Kiyoka Tokubuchi Kazutaka Itoh 《Journal of Wood Science》2005,51(2):176-180
From methanolic extracts of leaves of kyaraboku, Taxus cuspidata var. nana, phenylisoserine methyl ester (3) was isolated along with taxinine (1), taxol (2), sciadopitysin (4), ginkgetin (5), isorhamnetin (6), and quercetin (7). This is the first time that phenylisoserine methyl ester has been isolated from T. cuspidata var. nana. Compound 3 was also isolated from the ethanolic extracts of leaves of T. cuspidata var. nana. Furthermore, compound 3 was identified in methanolic extracts from the bark of this tree. 相似文献
108.
Katayama S Shigemi K Cline MA Furuse M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(4):471-474
We previously demonstrated that intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of orexin-A induces arousal and increased metabolic turnover rates of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in layer (egg-type) chicks. Because monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) is a potent degrading enzyme of these monoamines, we hypothesized that orexin-A may mediate its arousal-inducing effects through MAO-A. Therefore, we simultaneously injected clorgyline, a specific inhibitor of MAO-A, with orexin-A and examined behavior of chicks. Behaviors associated with arousal were attenuated in the group of chicks that received clorgyline and orexin-A compared with those that received orexin-A alone. For the monoamine turnover rate, enhancement of the turnover rate of serotonin by orexin-A was attenuated by clorgyline. Therefore, we conclude that orexin-A-induced arousal is dependent upon monoamine neural activities stimulated by MAO-A in chicks. 相似文献
109.
Masahiro IWASAKI Takaki YAMASHIRO Nilmini BENERAGAMA Takehiro NISHIDA Katsuya KIDA Ikko IHARA June‐ichi TAKAHASHI Kazutaka UMETSU 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(5):707-712
The paper deals with the hygienic advantages of sanitation to treat dairy manure in full‐scale biogas plants. The slurry samples were collected from two thermophilic biogas plants (55°C) and two mesophilic biogas plants (38°C) in Hokkaido Japan. A detectable number of Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus in the slurries after anaerobic digestion (AD) could not be found in either thermophilic biogas plants. However, in both mesophilic biogas plants the viable numbers of Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus were detected in the slurries even after anaerobic digestion. The mean decimation reduction time (T90) values of the Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus in the slurries during mesophilic digestion were 13.3 days and 16.7 days, respectively. 相似文献
110.
Motoharu Oishi Keiji Kamijo Kana Iitani Reiichiro Sato Kazutaka Yamada Nobutsune Ichihara 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(3):333-344
The 12 left digits of the thoracic limb of Holstein female cows were obtained from a slaughterhouse, and 13 linear measurements of skeletal specimens of the digits of the thoracic limb were used in this study. Bivariate plots, regressions and correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationships between osteometric data and age, and between osteometric data and body size. The geometric mean (GM) of the metacarpal size was used as a proxy of body weight. The results of the regression analysis demonstrated that the length and the width of the distal phalanx were significantly correlated with age, whereas those of other bones were not. In addition, the correlations of the distal phalanx tended to be higher with age than with the GM of the metacarpal size, and their skeletal measurements tended to be longer in older animals than in younger animals. These findings suggest that the distal phalanx is slightly elongated and enlarged in its solear aspect with increasing age in skeletally mature cows. Moreover, although the side difference in the distal phalanx between the lateral and medial digits did not increase significantly with age, the solear aspect of the distal phalanx tended to be rougher, and deformation of the flexor tubercle tended to be more pronounced in the medial digit compared with the lateral digit. Therefore, in the distal phalanx of the front feet, the skeletal deformation with age and asymmetrical bone development might be related to the pathogenesis of claw horn lesions, as in the hind feet. 相似文献