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排序方式: 共有465条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
461.
Marcondes Araújo da Silva Kamila Câmara Correia Maria Angélica Guimarães Barbosa Marcos Paz Saraiva Câmara David Gramaje Sami J. Michereff 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,147(3):695-708
Severe outbreaks of Alternaria leaf blotch and fruit spot were recently observed in cv. Pink Lady apples in northern Israel, especially on fruit. Such severe outbreaks have not been reported from other countries. Symptoms involved cracks and rot around the calyx and external rot of the fruit body. Up to 80 % of the fruit in some orchards were affected by the disease. Microscopic examinations, fulfillment of Koch’s postulates and molecular (genetic) analyses confirmed the causal agent as Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali. The incidence of Alternaria increased as the degree of calyx cracking increased, or if fruit were both cracked and rotted. Injecting spore suspensions into the fruit produced typical rot symptoms. Injection assays of detached fruit of eight apple cultivars showed that cvs. Pink Lady and Golden Delicious were susceptible whereas cv. Jonathan was resistant. Pink Lady and Golden Delicious produced more fruit rot as the inoculum concentration increased. Rot in all three cultivars was moderate close to the skin but more severe close to the seed locule. Aqueous extracts taken from Jonathan fruit peel inhibited germ tube elongation of A. alternata f. sp. mali in vitro. This is the first report on heavy infection of Pink Lady fruit in Israel caused by A. alternata f. sp. mali. 相似文献
462.
Fabiana Della Betta Priscila Nehring Siluana Katia Tischer Seraglio Mayara Schulz Andressa Camargo Valese Heitor Daguer Luciano Valdemiro Gonzaga Roseane Fett Ana Carolina Oliveira Costa 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2018,73(4):302-307
The aim of this study was to investigate the free individual phenolics and the in vitro antioxidant capacity of blackberry, acerola, yellow guava, guabiju, jambolan and jabuticaba fruits in two edible stages. Of the thirty-three phenolics investigated by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), twenty-five were quantified and the major ones were catechin, isoquercitrin, epicatechin and gallic acid. The highest values for the total phenolic content (in dry matter) were observed for acerola (83.6 to 97.7 mg gallic acid equivalents g?1 DM) and blackberry (18.9 to 28.3 mg gallic acid equivalents g?1 DM); however, acerola, jabuticaba, and blackberry showed the highest antioxidant capacities (134.6 to 1120.4 mg Trolox equivalents g?1 for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 43.6 to 501.8 μmol Trolox equivalents g?1 for ferric reducing antioxidant power). For most fruits, the antioxidant capacity decreased during the ripening, possibly due to a decrease in the concentration of most of the phenolics. 相似文献
463.
464.
Melissa A. Claus Denise Poh Lisa Smart Sarah L. Purcell Corrin J. Boyd Claire R. Sharp 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2022,36(4):1248
BackgroundPrestorage leukoreduction of red blood cell (RBC) bags prevents accumulation of pro‐inflammatory mediators and experimentally attenuates post‐transfusion inflammation in healthy dogs. However, the effect of leukoreduction on post‐transfusion inflammation in critically ill dogs is unclear.HypothesisDogs transfused with leukoreduced (LR) RBC will have lower concentrations of leukocytes, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) within 24 hours of post‐transfusion compared to dogs transfused with nonleukoreduced (NLR) RBC.AnimalsSixty‐one RBC‐transfused dogs (LR = 34, NLR = 27).MethodsRandomized, blinded, controlled preliminary clinical trial. Blood bag processing was randomized to create identically appearing LR and NLR bags. Group allocation occurred with transfusion of the oldest compatible RBC bag. Blood samples were collected pretransfusion and at 8 and 24 hours post‐transfusion for leukocyte count, IL‐6, IL‐8, MCP‐1, and CRP. Data were analyzed on an intention‐to‐treat basis using linear mixed effects models. Significance was set at P < .05.ResultsNo significant differences were found between groups in concentrations of leukocytes (P = .93), IL‐6 (P = .99), IL‐8 (P = .75), MCP‐1 (P = .69), or CRP (P = .18) over time. Eleven LR dogs (32%) and 4 NLR dogs (15%) were euthanized in the hospital (P = .14). No natural deaths occurred.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceNo differences in inflammation biomarker concentrations were detected over time between dogs transfused with LR or NLR RBC, but heterogeneity likely hampered the ability to detect a difference with this sample size. The novel randomization and enrollment protocol was successfully implemented across 2 participating institutions and will be easily scaled up for a future multicenter clinical trial. 相似文献
465.