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51.
The interest toward the supposed trade-off between efficiency and equity has strongly come back to the fore within the European Union (EU) after the 2008 economic crisis. The worsening of spatial economic imbalances, in fact, opened again the debate whether the European institutions should focus their budget allocations on core areas or on peripheral areas of less developed countries, following concentrated or spatially distributed normative actions. This paper addresses the question by applying an original method to assess the relative importance of urban efficiency with respect to spatially distributed resource endowments in affecting regional inequality. An innovative two-step procedure is applied: that first estimates a regional production function and then makes use of its output through a simulation to assess efficiency versus spatially even distribution of resources on the improvement of regional cohesion. The results show that urban efficiency gains play a relatively minor role in affecting regional disparities if compared with a spatially even distribution of production factors. 相似文献
52.
Daniela Gabbia Marco Roverso Ilaria Zanotto Martina Colognesi Katia Sayaf Samantha Sarcognato Diletta Arcidiacono Alice Zaramella Stefano Realdon Nicola Ferri Maria Guido Francesco Paolo Russo Sara Bogialli Maria Carrara Sara De Martin 《Marine drugs》2022,20(9)
Recently, some preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the ability of brown seaweeds in reducing the risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Here, we analyzed the beneficial effect of a nutraceutical formulation containing a phytocomplex extracted from seaweeds and chromium picolinate in animal models of liver steatosis of differing severities (rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its complication, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)). This treatment led to a significant drop in hepatic fat deposition in both models (p < 0.01 vs. untreated animals), accompanied by a reduction in plasma inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, and C reactive protein, and myeloperoxidase expression in liver tissue. Furthermore, a modulation of the molecular pathways involved in lipid metabolism and storage was demonstrated, since we observed the significant reduction of the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase, diacylglycerol acyltransferases, the sterol-binding protein SREBP-1, and the lipid transporter perilipin-2, in both treated NAFLD and NASH rats in comparison to untreated ones. In conclusion, this nutraceutical product was effective in reducing liver steatosis and showed further beneficial effects on hepatic inflammation and glycemic control, which were particularly evident in rats characterized by a more severe condition, thus representing a therapeutic option for the treatment of NAFLD and NASH patients. 相似文献
53.
54.
Tobias KM Marioni-Henry K Wagner R 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2006,42(4):283-289
Use of acepromazine (i.e., acetylpromazine) maleate in dogs with a history of seizures is reportedly contraindicated because of the risk of decreasing the seizure threshold in these animals. In this retrospective study, acepromazine was administered for tranquilization to 36 dogs with a prior history of seizures and to decrease seizure activity in 11 dogs. No seizures were seen within 16 hours of acepromazine administration in the 36 dogs that received the drug for tranquilization during hospitalization. After acepromazine administration, seizures abated for 1.5 to 8 hours (n=6) or did not recur (n=2) in eight of 10 dogs that were actively seizing. Excitement-induced seizure frequency was reduced for 2 months in one dog. 相似文献
55.
Decaro N Mari V von Reitzenstein M Lucente MS Cirone F Elia G Martella V King VL Di Bello A Varello K Zhang S Caramelli M Buonavoglia C 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,159(1-2):239-244
We report the genetic and biological characterisation of a novel pantropic canine coronavirus (CCoV), strain 450/07, which caused the death of a 60-day-old miniature pinscher. At the genetic level, this virus was strictly related to the prototype strain CB/05, but displayed some unique features. After experimental infection with the new pantropic isolate, most inoculated dogs showed diarrhoea and acute lymphopenia. Gross lesions and histological changes were mainly evident in the gut and lymphoid tissues, although some animals showed remarkable changed also in parenchymatous organs. The viral RNA was detected in the faeces and/or internal organs of most pups. These findings seem to indicate that strain 450/07 is able to spread to internal organs (mainly lymphoid tissues), causing lymphopenia but inducing a mild disease. 相似文献
56.
Ludovica Seglie Katia Martina Marco Devecchi Carlo Roggero Francesco Trotta Valentina Scariot 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,59(2):200-205
The present research investigated the effects of a non-volatile formulation of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) embedded in different cyclodextrin (CD)-based nanosponges (NSs) to extend the postharvest longevity of an ethylene-sensitive carnation cultivar. Cut flowers of Dianthus caryophyllus L. ‘Idra di Muraglia’ were treated with α- and β-CD-based nanosponge-1-MCP complexes (α- and β-NS complexes) in tap water to achieve two different concentrations of active ingredient (0.25 and 0.5 μL L?1). Treated flowers were compared to cut stems exposed to equivalent concentrations of volatile 1-MCP as well as a tap water control with or without pure α- and β-NS. Identical nanoporous compounds were applied by perfusion to yield a total of 15 treatments. Twenty-four hours after the treatments were applied, the cut flowers were exposed to exogenous ethylene (1 ± 0.2 μL L?1) for 24 h. The postharvest carnation flower and leaf quality in addition to ethylene production levels were determined daily (beginning 24 h after treatment). None of the α-NS complex applications statistically improved the vase life of cut flowers; however, β-NS complexes were effective in preventing senescence, reducing ethylene production (measured at nearly nil after 11 d), and maintaining original petal color longer. These results were particularly strong at the lowest concentration (0.25 μL L?1) of β-NS complex. Overall, this method promoted cut flower longevity (loss of ornamental value after 14.7 d; complete damage at day 18.5) better than the commercial 1-MCP gaseous application method. 相似文献
57.
Mario E. Sato Marcos Z. da Silva Adalton Raga Katia G. Cangani Bruce Veronez Roberto L. Nicastro 《Phytoparasitica》2011,39(5):437-445
Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a major pest of several agricultural crops and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is an important natural enemy of this pest mite. The objective of the study was to evaluate
the effect of spiromesifen on the development and reproduction of T. urticae, and to assess the influence of spiromesifen and other acaricides on the population growth rates of the spider mite and its
predator, N. californicus. Toxicity tests with spiromesifen at different life stages of T. urticae indicated that eggs less than 72 h old were more sensitive than other development stages. The oviposition rate of T. urticae was significantly affected by spiromesifen. Experiments on the effects of spiromesifen on the growth rates of T. urticae and N. californicus indicated that spiromesifen is innocuous to the predaceous mite but highly toxic to the spider mite, leading to population
suppression in 10 days. Fenpropathrin, acephate and neem oil were not harmful to N. californicus, but were not so efficient as spiromesifen in controlling T. urticae, and had significantly less influence on the population growth rates of the spider mite. Among these three products, only
neem oil caused significant reduction in the growth rate of T. urticae. Chlorfenapyr, abamectin, milbemectin and diafenthiuron significantly affected the population growth rates of T. urticae and N. californicus. Spiromesifen was the most promising acaricide for managing the two-spotted spider mite, when used in combination with N. californicus. 相似文献
58.
Recent studies have shown that, in some species, xylem hydraulic conductivity (K(h)) increases with increasing cation concentration of xylem sap. Evidence indicates that K(h) increases as a result of the de-swelling of pit membrane pectins caused by cation neutralization of polygalacturonanes. We tested whether this ionic effect partly compensates for the embolism-induced loss of stem hydraulic conductivity (PLC) by increasing K(h) of functioning conduits. We report changes in PLC, leaf water status and potassium concentration ([K(+)]) of xylem sap measured in April and July in two evergreens (Ceratonia siliqua L. and Phytolacca dioica L.) and one deciduous tree (Platanus orientalis L.) growing in the field in Sicily. In summer, Ceratonia siliqua and Phytolacca dioica showed similar native embolism (PLC = 30-40%) and [K(+)] of xylem sap (14 to 17 mM), and K(h) of stems perfused with 10 to 25 mM KCl increased by 15 to 18% compared with K(h) of stems perfused with a low concentration of a multi-ionic solution. In contrast, native [K(+)] of sap of Platanus orientalis was 50% of that in the two evergreens in summer, with a parallel lack of detectable changes in PLC that was below 10% in both spring and summer. The ionic effect was PLC-dependent: the enhancement of K(h) induced by 10 to 25 mM KCl changed from 15% for fully hydrated stems to 50-75% for stems with PLC = 50%. In Ceratonia siliqua, PLC was less than 10% in spring and about 40% in summer; concurrently, xylem sap [K(+)] increased from 3 to about 15 mM. This [K(+)] at the recorded PLC would cause an increase in residual K(h) of about 30%. Hence, the actual reduction in water transport capacity of Ceratonia siliqua stems in summer is about 20%. Similar calculations for Phytolacca dioica suggest that the actual loss of hydraulic conductivity in stems of this species in summer would be only about 10%, and not 30% as suggested by hydraulic measurements performed in the laboratory. We conclude that an increase in [K(+)] of xylem sap might be involved in the up-regulation of residual K(h), thus substantially alleviating the embolism-induced reduction in leaf water supply. 相似文献
59.
Pires Teixeira Weslen Fabricio de Oliveira Márcio Leite de Faria Peres Pedro Henrique Miranda Oliveira Bruno César Nagata Walter Bertequini da Silva Vieira Dielson de Andrade Junior Anassilton Moreira Domingos Ferrari Elis Barbanti Duarte José Maurício Vasconcelos Meireles Marcelo Zanetti Lopes Welber Daniel Saraiva Bresciani Katia Denise 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):49-58
Veterinary Research Communications - We analyzed Cryptosporidium spp. in fecal samples of wild cervids (Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Blastocerus dichotomus, Mazama nana, Mazama americana, and Mazama... 相似文献
60.
Laura Cutroneo Fokko van der Goot Alexis Roels Michela Castellano Max Radermacher Sergio Tucci Paolo Povero Giuseppe Canepa Marco Capello 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(9):1626-1637