肥料深施对小麦生育性状、养分吸收及产量的影响

几年来在豫东潮土地区砂质土上进行的肥料深施效果试验研究结果表明,肥料深施对小麦的生育状况和经济性状有较大影响,肥料深施与浅施比较,可使小麦植株前期生长健壮,中后期生长稳健,落黄好,穗大粒多,籽粒饱满。可显著增加小麦养分吸收量,提高化肥利用率,肥料深施处理比浅施处理氮、磷、钾的吸收量,分别增加34.32￣67.81kg/hm2,3.22￣9.42kg/hm2和17.82￣39.84kg/hm2;氮素化肥利用率提高20.86￣41.1个百分点,磷肥利用率提高7.13￣15.39个百分点;肥料深施在小麦田里养分残留量较浅施的高,尽管一季小麦对土壤有机质耗竭不大,但对氮、磷素的残存已有差异。肥料深施对小麦产量、经济效益、化肥利用率有显著的影响,采用肥料深施技术比群众习惯施肥方法(浅施)可增产小麦337.1￣1183.5kg/hm2,增产率达7.6%￣26.6%,增加收益539.36￣1893.6元/hm2。     

Analysis of the distorted scaling factor in wind tunnel modeling of power transmission line system

Because of the limitation of the model making and the existing wind tunnel’s size, it is difficult to keep the line and tower in the same scaling factor in developing the aeroelastic model of the power transmission lines system, and a distorted scaling factor is needed in span length of the lines. With the instance of a 1 000 kV two circuit power transmission lines, the finite element analysis under the along wind load in time history is conducted with keeping the tower in the same and the line scaling factor being 1, 0.5 and 0.25 respectively. The results show that the response of the power transmission lines systems keep in the same, and then the wind induced vibration of the distorted model in the wind tunnel test can actually reflect the response of the power transmission lines system under the wind load.     

甘蓝型油菜oleosin基因片段的克隆及序列分析

以油菜（Brassica napus）基因组DNA为模板,通过设计一对特异性引物,利用多聚酶链式反应（PCR）扩增获得oleosin基因片段。将其克隆到E.coli质粒上进行序列分析。结果表明,该基因由878个碱基组成,含一个内含子,编码193个氨基酸。不计附加的18 bp凝血酶切割序列,与已报道的序列相比较,核苷酸序列及推导出的氨基酸序列的同源性分别为79.20%和91.21%。推测的氨基酸序列构成的蛋白质具有oleosin的基本结构特点,包含3个结构区域：两性N末端区（an amphipathic N-terminal region）,中心疏水区（a central hydrophobic domain）,两性C-末端区（an amphipathic C-terminal domain）。     

番茄果实不同发育期种子生活力研究

根据四唑(2,3,5-Tripheny Tetrazolium Chloride,TTC)染色法测定种子生活力的原理,结合种子萌发试验,研究普通番茄果实不同发育期种子的生活力。结果表明,TTC染色法最优条件为:30 ℃条件下1.0% TTC染色24 h;番茄种子在果实绿熟期(MG)前4 d开始具有生活力;在转色期(LR,59 d)具有较高的生活力,同时种子千粒重达到成熟标准,说明转色期种子已完全成熟,可用作育种材料。     

“谷上谷”生育性状的观察——Ⅰ.穗分化进程与刚毛小穗的发育

“谷上谷”的植株外部形态和生育过程与普通谷没有明显的区别,但由于在穗分化中“谷上谷”的刚毛小穗原基较普通谷的刚毛原基伸长后顶端保持继续分化小穗的能力,从而形成了具有刚毛顶端可结实的刚毛小穗这一特征。正在发育的刚毛小穗在其迅速伸长时分化较慢,当伸长到一定程度时即加快分化,缩短了与相邻的普通小穗分化所形成的     

Establishment of a crop evapotranspiration calculation model and its validation

In order to contribute knowledge on the method used to calculate the actual crop evapotranspiration, soil, crop, atmosphere, and water spatial structure were integrated into a complete system. Based on the energy balance equation and aerodynamic equation, the meteorological data was reduced and the crop physiological parameter was increased, then the crop evapotranspiration calculation model under natural conditions was derived. The crop evapotranspiration calculation model was verified by the water balance formula using data generated from corn, potato, and flue-cured tobacco grown under field conditions for three consecutive years from 2017 to 2019. The results showed that: from 2017 to 2019, the average root mean square error for measured and calculated evapotranspiration of corn, potato, and flue-cured tobacco at different growth times were 0.5948, 0.4753, and 0.3326, respectively, the mean deviation, mean absolute error, and mean relative error were small, and the coefficient of determination and consistency index were both greater than 0.9100. The measured and calculated crop evapotranspiration of the selected crops increased at first and then decreased gradually as the crops matured, and finally decreased to harvest evapotranspiration, showing a parabolic trend. The crop evapotranspiration calculation model not only reflects the actual evapotranspiration of crops at different growth time but also reflects the change law of actual crop evapotranspiration. The model does not need the correction of soil moisture content, irrigation method, and crop coefficient and can directly calculate the actual crop evapotranspiration. It has the characteristics of consistency between the calculated value and the measured value, strong applicability, simple calculation process, and high accuracy and has the best effect on monitoring soil moisture and crop water shortage sensitivity. The model is significance in that it guides for monitoring soil moisture, determining actual crop evapotranspiration, crop water shortage index, and high yield and efficiency under water-saving conditions.     

新植物生长调节剂——骆驼蓬碱对小麦的增产作用及生理效应研究

骆驼蓬碱(3H-Pyrido[3,4-b]indole,4,9-dihydro-7-methoxy-1—methyl-Harmaline)是我所1979年从骆驼蓬(Peganum Harmala L.)中提取、分离和鉴定的一种生物碱。大量的室内试验证明,骆驼蓬碱对小麦、水稻、黄瓜和蕃茄等作物的开花、结实和成熟有调节作用。自1983年起在山西省山阴县和河北省石家庄地区的春、冬小麦上,对该药及其     

早熟苦瓜新品种衡杂苦瓜1号的选育

衡杂苦瓜１号是以Ｂ０８为母本，Ｂ０２为父本育成的早熟苦瓜一代杂种，表现早熟、丰产、抗逆性强、品质优等优良特性。露地早熟栽培或春季保护地栽培，从定植到始收４３ｄ左右，夏秋栽培定植到始收４０ｄ左右，一般产量５２５００￣８２５００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２，前期产量、总产量、品质性状显著优于衡阳早熟苦瓜和蓝山苦瓜。     

鸭疫里氏杆菌江苏分离株G＋C含量测定及DNA同源性研究

采用苯酚－氯仿混合法,提取了鸭疫里氏杆菌（Ｒｉｅｍｅｒｅｌｌａ ａｎａｔｉｐｅｓｔｉｆｅｒ）血清１型Ｊｂ２株,Ｊｂ３株,未定型菌Ｔｂ１株以及鸭大肠杆菌Ｅ４株和大肠杆菌Ｋ１２株的基因组ＤＮＡ。用热变性法测得Ｊｂ２,Ｊｂ３,Ｔｂ１和Ｋ１２株的解链温度分别为６８．５,６８．５,６９．０和７３．５℃（缓冲液为０．１×ＳＳＣ）。由计算可知Ｊｂ２,Ｊｂ２和Ｔｂ１株的Ｇ＋Ｃ含量分别为３５．６２％,３５．６２％和