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31.
Rokibul Islam KHAN Sada ANDO Toshihiro TAKAHASHI Tetsuo MORITA Ryoji ONODERA 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(4):313-319
Suspensions of mixed rumen bacteria (B), protozoa (P), and mixed rumen microorganisms (BP) prepared from rumen contents of fistulated goats were anaerobically incubated with 1 mM p‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HPA) at 39°C for 24 h. Tyrosine (Tyr), phenylalanine (Phe), tryptophan (Trp) and other related compounds in both supernatants and hydrolyzates of microbial cells in all incubations were analyzed by HPLC. Large amounts of Tyr (32.1, 42.7 and 36.1% of disappeared HPA in B, P and BP, respectively) were produced from HPA during a 12 h incubation period. The formation of Tyr in P (178.6 µmol/g MN) was 1.5 and 2 times higher than in B and BP, respectively. Phe (7–11% of the disappeared HPA) and Trp (3–6% of the disappeared HPA) were also synthesized from HPA in B, P, and BP. Phe synthesis in P (46.3 µmol/g MN) was 1.7 times higher than in B but, in contrast, Trp synthesis in B, was 1.6 times higher than in P. The metabolites p‐hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (in the range of 5–14% of disappeared HPA), phenylacetic acid (1–11%), p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (3–7%) and benzoic acid (1–6%) were produced from HPA in B, P and BP. Phenylpropionic acid (6% of the disappeared HPA) was produced only in B and BP. 相似文献
32.
以河北省丰宁县小坝子乡的土地沙化为例,从地质过程、生物过程、人文过程探讨和研究了沙化演变与治理对策,指出了治穷和治沙的关系,绿化与水平衡的因果关系,提出绿色、人文、科技结合,林草兼顾、经济发展与环境建设是步,是为北京堵沙源、保水源的有效措施。 相似文献
33.
Ken‐ichi YAMANAKA Masahiro KANEDA Yasushi INABA Koji SAITO Kaiyu KUBOTA Miki SAKATANI Satoshi SUGIMURA Kei IMAI Shinya WATANABE Masashi TAKAHASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(4):523-530
Many observations have been made on cloned embryos and on adult clones by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), but it is still unclear whether the progeny of cloned animals is presenting normal epigenetic status. Here, in order to accumulate the information for evaluating the normality of cloned cattle, we analyzed the DNA methylation status on satellite I region in blastocysts obtained from cloned cattle. Embryos were produced by artificial insemination (AI) to non‐cloned or cloned dams using semen from non‐cloned or cloned sires. After 7 days of AI, embryos at blastocyst stage were collected by uterine flushing. The DNA methylation levels in embryos obtained by using semen and/or oocytes from cloned cattle were similar to those in in vivo embryos from non‐cloned cattle. In contrast, the DNA methylation levels in SCNT embryos were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those in in vivo embryos from non‐cloned and cloned cattle, approximately similar to those in somatic cells used as donor cells. Thus, this study provides useful information that epigenetic status may be normal in the progeny of cloned cattle, suggesting the normality of germline cells in cloned cattle. 相似文献
34.
Satoshi AKAGI Seiya TAKAHASHI Katsuhiro OHKOSHI Takato TAKENOUCHI Manabu SHIMIZU Masaya GESHI Noritaka ADACHI Dai‐ichiro FUCHIMOTO Yoshiaki IZAIKE Hisashi ASO 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(6):465-469
The developmental potential of nuclei from a bovine mammary epithelial cell line (BMEC) in nuclear transfer was investigated. For nuclear transfer donors, BMEC cells (passage 15) were cultured for 4–5 days after seeding at cell densities of 1.0 × 105 cells/cm2 (high‐density group) or 0.8 × 104 cells/cm2 (low‐density group). First, the effective electric stimulation for fusion of enucleated oocytes with BMEC cells was examined. Fusion rates reached maximum with two DC pulses of 30 V/150 µm for 20 µs in the high‐density group and with two DC pulses of 25 V/150 µm for 10 µs in the low‐density group. The fusion rate (37.5%) in the high‐density group was significantly (P < 0.005) lower than in the low‐density group (71.4%). Second, the in vitro developmental potential of nuclear transfer embryos derived from BMEC cells was examined. In the high‐density and low‐density groups, 18.8% and 24.1% of fused oocytes, respectively, developed to blastocyst stage. The results of this study indicate that nuclei from BMEC cells support the development of nuclear transfer embryos to the blastocyst stage and that the efficiency of oocyte–cell fusion is affected by the culture conditions of the donor BEMC cells before nuclear transfer. 相似文献
35.
Hiroshi KAGAMI Jun YASUDA Takahiro TAGAMI Mitsuru NAITO Yuko MATSUBARA Takashi HARUMI Takamasa NOGUCHI Yasuhiro YAMAMOTO Taikai TAKAHASHI Junichi MATSUYAMA Hiroyuki KOMATSU Tamao ONO 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(6):453-456
Effect of the strain combination of the donor and recipient on production efficiency of W‐bearing sperm in mixed‐sex chimeric testes was analyzed. The combinations of the donors and recipients were White Leghorn (WL) and Rhode Island Red (RIR), and vice versa. Generated mixed‐sex chimeras that had the male phenotype at sexual maturity were classified into four groups: (1) a female WL donor and a male RIR recipient; (2) a male WL donor and a female RIR recipient; (3) a female RIR donor and a male WL recipient; (4) a male RIR donor and a female WL recipient. The mean number of W‐bearing sperm detected by in situ hybridization among 10 000 sperm observed were 147, 165, 30 and 45 in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. The numbers in groups 1 and 2 were both significantly higher than those of groups 3 and 4 (P < 0.05). The combination of a WL donor and a RIR recipient produced W‐bearing sperm more efficiently than the reverse combination. 相似文献
36.
Shiaki TAKAGI Shunji HAYASHI Koichi TAKAHASHI Hiroshi ISOGAI Lanlan BAI Hiroshi YONEYAMA Tasuke ANDO Kumiko ITO Emiko ISOGAI 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(6):482-486
A bovine myeloid antimicrobial peptide (BMAP‐28) is a member of the cathelicidin family which is included in the innate immune system of mammals. Recently, there have been many studies about antimicrobial peptides. This study aims to clarify whether BMAP‐28 has bactericidal activity against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and compares its activity against methicillin‐susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA. We found that the peptide was effective in killing MRSA (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) range; 5–20 µg/mL). It was also revealed that MSSA (MIC range; 1.25–20 µg/mL) had two levels of susceptibility to BMAP‐28. We also examined the effect of BMAP‐28 on bacterial shape to visually show its activity. After exposure to the peptide, both MSSA and MRSA cells showed the morphological changes on their surfaces. Our results indicate that BMAP‐28 is a promising candidate for medicine against drug‐resistant bacteria. 相似文献
37.
Daisuke FUKUI Masashi NAGANO Ryohei NAKAMURA Gen BANDO Shinichi NAKATA Masao KOSUGE Hideyuki SAKAMOTO Motozumi MATSUI Yojiro YANAGAWA Yoshiyuki TAKAHASHI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(5):491-495
Artificial insemination (AI) can help to avoid inbreeding and genetic degeneration
for sustaining genetically healthy populations of endangered species in captivity.
Collection of a sufficient quantity of viable sperm is an essential first step in the
AI process. In the present study, we examined the effects of frequent
electroejaculation on semen characteristics in a Siberian tiger. We collected semen
in all 17 trials during 6 breeding seasons (6 years). The mean number of sperm and
the percentage of motile sperm were 294.3 ± 250.2×106/ejaculate and 82.4 ±
11.4%, respectively. The number of motile sperm tended to increase during frequent
electroejaculation in the same breeding season. Semen collection by
electroejaculation can be performed effectively up to the fourth sequential
ejaculate, which contained the most sperm in the study. In conclusion, frequent
collection of sperm by electroejaculation from tigers may be effective for collection
of a large number of motile sperm. 相似文献
38.
Yoshie MANABE Makoto TOCHIGI Akiyoshi MORIWAKI Sakae TAKEUCHI Sumio TAKAHASHI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(4):398-404
Reproductive functions decline with the onset of diabetes in female mice. Diabetic mice
have smaller uteri with an underdeveloped endometrium, suggesting diminished
estrogen-induced growth. We aimed to clarify the changes in the estrous cycle and in
insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) expression in the uteri of streptozotocin
(STZ)-treated diabetic mice, because IGF1 is one of the main growth factors involved in
estrogen-induced uterine growth. ICR female mice were intraperitoneally administered STZ
(10 mg/100 g BW), and blood glucose levels were determined. Mice with blood glucose levels
> 200 mg/dl were classified as diabetic mice. The onset of diabetes was associated with
acyclic estrous cycles. Diabetes was also induced with STZ in ovariectomized mice. Uterine
Igf1 mRNA levels were reduced in ovariectomized STZ-treated diabetic
mice. Estrogen is known to stimulate Igf1 mRNA expression in the uterus,
but estrogen action was abolished in the uteri of STZ-treated diabetic mice. mRNA
expressions of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and steroid hormone receptor coactivators
(SRC-1/Ncoa1, SRC-2/Ncoa2,
SRC-3/Ncoa3 and CBP/p300/Crebbp) were reduced in the
uteri of ovariectomized STZ-treated diabetic mice. The present study demonstrates that
diabetes induces a decline in female reproductive functions in mice. Igf1
expression in ovariectomized diabetic female mice was decreased, and decreased
responsiveness to estrogen in the uteri of diabetic mice is probably associated with a
reduction in ERα and steroid receptor coactivator mRNA expression. 相似文献
39.
Transgenic rice lines that include barley genes have increased tolerance to low iron availability in a calcareous paddy soil 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
40.
Tomoya TAKAHASHI Akihiro MORI Hitomi ODA Isao MURAYAMA Mitsuhiko KOUNO Toshinori SAKO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(2):260
Changes in lipoprotein profiles occur in dairy cows during the periparturient period and in cows with transition cow disease. Here, the lipoprotein profiles of Holstein–Friesian dairy cows during the periparturient period were obtained by anion-exchange, high-performance liquid chromatography to evaluate the usefulness of lipoprotein profile evaluation during the periparturient period and in cows with fatty liver and milk fever. Lipoprotein levels (including total and high- (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) cholesterol) in 10 healthy cows were low 4 weeks prepartum, with the lowest values at calving or within 1 week of calving; the values increased at 8 weeks postpartum. The lipoprotein levels were measured in 16 cows diagnosed with fatty liver (n=10) or milk fever (n=6) and compared to 10 healthy dairy cows. A significant difference was observed in HDL-C between healthy cows (at calving and 1 week postpartum), and the fatty liver and milk fever cows. Cows with fatty liver and milk fever had a lower mean HDL-C than the 10 healthy dairy cows at calving and 1 week postpartum. HDL-C might be a good indicator of energy balance for differentiating healthy cows from those with transition cow disease. 相似文献