《饲料生物技术》课程教学内容及教学方法的研究与实践

根据《饲料生物技术》课程的特点,研究课程的教学内容,确定教学重点,探讨更加合理的教学方法,以期得到更好的教学效果。     

8203号杨木材基本性质的测定

本文对８２０３号和木材基本性质进行了测定，其结果：基本密度０．３４５ｇ／ｃｍ＾２；气干密度０．４０ｇ／ｃｍ＾２；干缩系数０．３６；纤维长度１３３７μｍ，长宽比５１；综纤维素含量８０％。８２０３号杨适宜制作各种板材及建筑用材，同时也是较理想的制浆、造纸材种。     

Promoting effect of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A heavy chain on neuritogenesis in cultured Neuro-2a cells

AIM: To observe the neuritogenic actions of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A heavy chain (BoNT/A HC) on cultured Neuro-2a cells and to investigate the related signaling mechanisms for the effect of BoNT/A HC. METHODS: Neuro-2a cells were treated with different doses of BoNT/A HC (0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 nmol/L), and then the cells were harvested at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h of BoNT/A HC exposure for detecting the neurite length and the percen-tage of the cells with neuronal processes by immunofluorescence staining. The most efficient dose of BoNT/A HC was chosen for exposure to Neuro-2a cells as the above. Whole cell protein was harvested at different time points for detecting the protein levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) by Western blot. RESULTS: Low doses of BoNT/A HC stimulated the neurite outgrowth, and increased the percentage of the cells with neurites compared with the negative controls (P<0.05), especially in the group with 1 nmol/L of BoNT/A HC treatment. Meanwhile, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt was increased after treated with BoNT/A HC. There was an increasing tendency for the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 after the exposure of the cells to BoNT/A HC. The obvious increase in p-ERK1/2 was seen from 60 min to 5 h with 1 nmol/L of BoNT/A HC treatment (P< 0.05), and the increased protein level of p-Akt was mainly observed at 15 min and 60 min (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: BoNT/A HC stimulates the neuritogenesis. The neuritogenic mechanism of BoNT/A HC on Neuro-2a cells might be realized by activation of the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt.     

中国沿海半干旱地区海水养殖废水灌溉耐盐植物(菊芋)的研究

An experiment with six treatments： CK1 （rainfed）, CK2 （irrigated with freshwater）, and 4 treatments of saline aquaculture effluent blended with brackish groundwater at different ratios of 1：1, 1：2, 1：3, and 1：4 （v/v） was carried out during 2004 to assess the effect of saline aquaculture effluent on plant growth and soil properties in the Laizhou region, Shandong Province, China and to determine an optimal salinity threshold for aquaculture effluent. Cumulative evapotranspiration for the saline aquaculture effluent irrigation and non-irrigation treatments was lower than that for the freshwater irrigation treatment. Soil electrical conductivity was higher with respect to saline aquaculture effluent irrigation treatment compared to that with respect to non-irrigation or freshwater irrigation treatment. For Jerusalem artichoke （Helianthus tuberosus L.）, in comparison to the freshwater treatment, plant height and aboveground biomass for the 1：3 and 1：4 treatments were constrained, whereas stem width and root biomass were enhanced. Concomitantly, higher tuber yield was obtained for the 1：3 and 1：4 treatments compared to that for CK1 and 1：1 treatments. Nitrogen and phosphorus were higher in tubers of the 1：4 treatment. This study demonstrated that saline aquaculture effluent could be used successfully to irrigate Jerusalem artichoke with higher tuber yield and nutrient removal.     

基于GIS与137Cs技术的土壤侵蚀微观研究

坡地侵蚀的研究是进行流域侵蚀研究的基础，影响坡地土壤侵蚀的因素很多，但最主要的是地形因子。通过^137Cs技术和GIS技术，以黄土高塬沟壑区的多个自然汇流坡面为研究对象，从微观角度探讨了在自然坡面条件下不同地形因子对坡面土壤侵蚀的影响，根据土壤侵蚀在坡面上的垂直分异规律．对不同部位土壤侵蚀量的差异及不同地形因子对土壤侵蚀的影响大小进行了初步探索性研究。结果表明：在微观尺度内，坡度、坡长等常规因子对土壤侵蚀的影响并不像径流小区测定的那样明显，似乎已经退居到次要位置。借助GIS对土壤侵蚀进行微观研究，可以发现一些用常规方法很难发现的规律，有助于我们更加深刻地认识土壤侵蚀的变化规律。     

黄芩在承德县的种子繁殖和高产栽培技术

黄芩又名山茶根、黄芩茶。属唇形科,多年生草本植物。一般黄芩株高30~110cm,主根粗壮,略呈圆锥形,棕褐色。断面金黄色。茎枝四棱形,单生或簇生,茎上多分枝,直立或半直立。叶片单叶对生,形状披针形,总状花序。顶生花偏向一侧,花冠蓝紫色,个别也有白色、浅白色。果实较小,坚果、肾形,黑褐色。     

猕猴桃果醋的研制

初步探讨了以榨汁后的猕猴桃果渣、玉米粉、麸皮为原料 ,经酒精发酵和醋酸发酵酿制猕猴桃果醋的生产工艺。结果表明 :猕猴桃鲜果渣与淀粉质原料以质量比 1∶ 1混合 ,添加 3g/ kg混合发酵剂和 1g/ kg醋酸菌 ,在 30～ 35℃下酒精发酵 6～ 9d,然后在 35～ 4 5℃下醋酸发酵 10～ 12 d,酿制出色泽棕红 ,果香突出 ,口味柔和协调的猕猴桃保健果醋     

CaCl_2和6-BA处理对枣果呼吸强度及贮藏品质的影响

 研究了赞皇大枣和胜利枣采后在 0℃条件下呼吸强度和果实品质的变化规律以及采前 Ca Cl2 和 6 - BA处理对采后枣果呼吸强度和果实品质的影响。结果表明 ,赞皇大枣和胜利枣属于非跃变型果实 ;在贮藏过程中 V- C含量先积累后降低 ;采后果肉硬度逐渐下降且与贮藏时间呈极显著负相关 (r1 =- 0 .936 46 ,r2 =0 .936 2 4)。采前Ca Cl2 、6 - BA以及 Ca Cl2 +6 - BA处理 ,均能降低采后枣果的呼吸强度 ,但作用效果不显著。 1% Ca Cl2 和 1% Ca Cl2 +15 mg/ L 6 - BA处理能明显降低 V- C损失率 ,抑制果肉硬度和好果率的下降。 1% Ca Cl2 处理可使赞皇大枣和胜利枣贮藏末期的果肉硬度分别比对照增加 1.2 kg/ cm2 和 1.5 kg/ cm2 ,好果率分别增加 8.2 %和 5 .4% ;1% Ca Cl2 +15 m g/L 6 - BA处理可使赞皇大枣和胜利枣贮藏末期的果肉硬度分别增加 1.5 kg/ cm2和 2 .1kg/ cm2 ,好果率增加 17.8%和 11.7%。 15 m g/ L6 - BA处理对枣果的呼吸强度及果实品质有一定影响 ,但作用效果总体上不及 Ca Cl2 。     

不同株型水稻品种子粒形成期光合特性的研究

以不同株型水稻品种为材料,研究了其子粒形成期剑叶与倒二叶的光合能力及其对CO2和光强的适应能力。结果表明:品种之间叶片的光合能力有差异:沈农8718、沈农8714、辽粳454与辽粳294的叶片光合速率均高于其他品种;高气孔导度或高同化能力均可能使品种具有高光合能力。光合速率随外界CO2浓度的增加先增后减,随光强度的增强而上升,且光合能力强的品种(辽粳454)在光强2 000 μmoL/(m2·s)以下未发现有光饱和现象。高光合速率品种具有较低的CO2补偿点(沈农8718为50.54 μmol/mol)和较低的光补偿点(辽粳454为31.40μmol/mol,不同光强及CO2浓度下,气孔导度并不是影响光合作用的主要原因。     

直接施用秸秆增产作用的定位试验研究

1981~2002年进行了直接使用秸秆定位试验。结果表明:秸秆施用量与粮食产量之间呈线性关系(R2**≥0·85);在0~9000kg/hm2秸秆用量范围内,粮食产量随秸秆用量加大而增加,平均增产0·0747kg/(hm2·kg);化肥施用量和粮食产量之间呈二次曲线关系(R2**≥0·99),配施秸秆可以提高施用化肥时的最高粮食产量或者降低达到最高产量时的化肥施用量。