云南3种野生稻中抗白叶枯病基因的鉴定

白叶枯病是水稻生产上最重要的细菌性病害之一,培育抗病新品种是防治白叶枯病最经济有效的途径。然而,栽培稻来源的抗病基因数量有限,并且部分抗病基因的抗病谱窄。因此,从野生稻中发掘抗病基因,将有利于培育抗病谱广且抗病能力强的水稻新品种。本研究通过抗性鉴定和PCR分析,检测云南野生稻中的抗白叶枯病基因。结果表明,云南野生稻对2个代表性白叶枯病菌Y8和PXO99具有不同程度的抗性,疣粒野生稻甚至达到免疫的程度。功能标记检测结果显示,3种野生稻中均不含xa5、xa13和Xa21抗病基因,元江普通野生稻含Xa23和Xa3/Xa26基因或其同源基因,景洪普通野生稻中含Xa1、Xa3/Xa26和Xa27基因或同源基因,药用野生稻含Xa3/Xa26基因或同源基因,而疣粒野生稻含有Xa27抗性基因。本研究结果为进一步发掘和克隆云南野生稻中的抗白叶枯病新基因提供了理论参考。     

森林资源二类调查中MapInfo应用技巧探讨

MapInfo是一款著名的地理信息管理桌面系统,具有小巧灵活、使用简单、功能强大、价格适中的特点,非常适合森林资源二类调查中使用;通过合理定制工作流程、快捷键定义、快速配准、建立小班图层、MapBasic编程等技巧的应用,更能得心应手、简捷有效地处理小班信息。     

多效唑处理对蔓性千斤拔种子产量及质量的影响

目的:研究多效唑处理对蔓性千斤拔种子产量及质量的影响.方法:采用单因素随机区组试验,以多效唑喷施为因素,研究其对种子产量及质量的影响.结果:蔓性千斤拔种子产量排序为T2＞T3＞T1 ＞ck,分别较ck增加107.82％、78.52％、72.07％;而且经处理,其种子内在质量及幼苗潜在抗逆能力均高于ck.结论:适宜的多效唑处理浓度可提高蔓性千斤拔种子产量及种子质量.     

灯照控制菊花花期的问题

在生产栽培工作中,针对旧式的灯照控花方式存在的弊端,从理论上分析其科学的含量,着意从多方面去改善和革新现有的灯照控花方法,致力于提高菊花的花期控制技术.     

醌氢醌的制备及其对作物生长及根系活力的影响

结果表明 :制备的醌氢醌产率达 88% ,纯度达 98% ;应用在作物上能促进花生、黄豆、小麦、甘薯以及水稻地上部和地下部的生长 ,提高其叶片叶绿素含量 ,增强根系活力 ,使豆科作物根瘤数目增加 ,有利作物生长 ;醌氢醌对作物的作用效果为 ,质量浓度为 10 mg· L-1的醌氢醌 >质量浓度为 5 mg· L-1的 >质量浓度为 0的 (CK) ;醌氢醌对水稻幼苗芽鞘生长以及根系生长的最佳质量浓度为 18- 30 mg· L-1.本文还简要探讨了醌氢醌影响作物生长的作用机理     

节灌技术在东莞市现代农业园区设计中的应用

阑述了喷灌、滴灌两种节灌技术在现代农业园区设计中的应用及其规划设计方案,并结合东莞市农业园区的实例进行介绍.     

关于建立安徽统筹城乡发展支撑体系的研究

安徽省是个农业大省，城乡发展的不平衡性一直比较突出，制约了全省经济持续快速发展。统筹城乡发展，既是我省解决“三农”问题突破口，也是全面建设小康社会的一个重大战略举措。本文提出通过建立城乡统筹的支撑体系，逐步实现城乡协调发展。     

大别山五针松木材主要解剖特征及其变异研究

以安徽岳西的大别山五针松为试材,通过显微观察测定株内不同高度的纤维长度、纤维宽度以及树脂道径向直径、树脂道弦向直径、管胞弦向直径、管胞胞壁厚度等解剖特征,研究大别山五针松木材解剖特征的变异规律.结果表明:(1)大别山五针松木材纤维长度、纤维宽度的变异趋势自髓心向外呈现陡增和陡降之后,逐渐趋于稳定;(2)大别山五针松木材树脂道平均径向直径为98.7μm,树脂道平均弦向直径为94.7μm,树脂道在横切面上的形状大致为弦向稍凹、径向略鼓凸的椭圆;(3)大别山五针松木材管胞平均弦向直径为26.1μm,管胞平均胞壁厚度为3.2μm,属于细中等级木材解剖分子.     

高铝粉煤灰蒸压制品强度的研究

利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱对高铝粉煤灰进行了分析,在不同蒸压制度下通过未反应CH量的测定、结合水量的测定、冷热盐酸中溶出量的变化以及XRD、SEM等方法对该粉煤灰的蒸压性能进行了研究。结果表明,该粉煤灰的主要矿物组成为刚玉、莫来石、赤铁矿和少量玻璃相,不含二氧化硅。在不同蒸压制度下,该粉煤灰石灰蒸压试样中水化产物主要为C-S-H(I)和水石榴石,水石榴石的量较多,蒸压试样的强度很低,其原因与粉煤灰中可参与反应的硅的量少有关。     

A novel heavy metal chelating agent sixthio guanidine acid for in situ remediation of soils contaminated with multielements: its synthesis,solidification, biodegradability,and leachability

Purpose

The main objectives of the study were to (1) develop a one-step facile procedure for synthesizing a new chemical amendment agent with three chelating groups for solidifying multiple heavy metals, called sixthio guanidine acid (SGA), using guanidine hydrochloride and carbon disulfide as raw reactants and (2) assess its biodegradability, solidification effectiveness, and leachability in remedying soils contaminated with multiple heavy metals of various concentrations compared with other traditional amendment agents.

Materials and methods

Polluted soil samples were collected near a metalliferous mining site of Qixiashan in the southeast of Nanjing, China. Their concentrations were determined at 22.15–320 mg kg^?1 for As, 3.30–29.31 mg kg^?1 for Cd, 115.66–158.65 mg kg^?1 for Ni, 165.04–1677.06 mg kg^?1 for Pb, and 355.6–2426.91 mg kg^?1 for Zn. Biodegradability of SGA was assessed in accordance with GB/T 21831-2008 and OECD-301D. Total concentration of heavy metals was determined according to ISO11466:1995. A modified three-step sequential Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) extraction procedure was used to examine speciation of heavy metals in the soil sample, and concentrations of heavy metals were measured by using inductively coupling plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Leachate extraction tests were carried out before and after the soil sample was solidified with different amendments in accordance with HJ/T 557-2009.

Results and discussion

It is found that the optimal conditions for SGA synthesis are a molar ratio of 4:1, a reaction temperature of 40 °C, and a reaction time of 2 h. Under such conditions, SGA yield is achieved as high as 91.5 %. The bioavailability and mobility of As, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn in highly contaminated soils can be reduced via using SGA. Our results indicate that SGA is nonbiodegradative and much more effective than other traditional chemical amendment agents in that it is highly effective in comprehensively solidifying As, Cd, Ni, and Pb.

Conclusions

SGA has the potential for comprehensive in situ remediation of soils contaminated with several heavy metal elements of various concentration levels, and such findings may be used as a guide to design new chemical amendment agents for rehabilitating soils contaminated with heavy metals.