应该考虑肉鸡接种马立克氏病疫苗--肉鸡接种马立克氏病疫苗之一

一个接种马立克氏病疫苗的试验证明，接种马立克氏病疫苗能提高肉鸡成活率4．5％，料肉比改善0．5，胴体废弃率减少2．1％。     

利用EST-SSR技术分析银合欢种质资源遗传多样性

银合欢（Leucaena spp.）是豆科含羞草亚科银合欢属多年生木本植物,为了了解其种质资源的遗传多样性,采用184对引物对银合欢种质进行扩增,选择多态性较好的20对引物对48份银合欢种质进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：184对引物中有119对为有效引物,占总引物数的64.67%,其中具有多态性的有效引物55对,占有效引物数的46.22%,占总引物数的29.89%;使用多态性较好的20对引物对48份银合欢种质进行遗传多样性分析,其相似系数为0.618 2~0.941 2,平均多态性信息指数和Shannon信息指数分别为0.266和0.536。通过聚类分析将48份种质在相似系数0.78处分为5个类群,全部异叶银合欢（Leucaena diversifolia）种质聚在了类群I并与银合欢种质分开;单独聚类在类群II的c27号种质与其他银合欢种质差异较大,是较好的种内杂交育种的种质;类群V中不同来源地的银合欢各种质聚在一起,可能与银合欢自交不育和育种方式有关。     

Evaluation of Some Physical Properties of Cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）

Cucumber is one of the important vegetables in many countries. Information about physical properties of cucumber is necessary for designing, grading, sorting and processing operations. In this study, some physical properties such as diameter, length, height, and weight of three varieties of cucumber （Green Gold, Dharwad, and Super Dominus） were measured. The results revealed that there was no significant difference （P〈0.01） in the density values of the studied varieties, but regarding other physical properties there were a significant difference （P〈0.01） among them. The average density for Green Gold, Dharwad and Super Dominus were 0.98, 0.95 and 0.94 g/cm^3, respectively. Green Gold cucumber had the highest diameter, volume, weight, flesh diameter, geometric mean diameter and sphericity. Dharwad and Super Dominus varieties with 15.49 cm length and 4.61 length to diameter ratio had the highest length and length to diameter ratio, respectively. Smallest skin thickness （1.48 cm） was for Super Dominus. Surface area of Green Gold, Dharwad and Super Dominus were 192.29, 192.4 and 131.2 cm^2. As well as there was a high and positive correlation between weight and volume in the studied varieties. There was a non-significant and low correlation （0.56） between diameter and length in Super Dominus. There was also a high and positive correlation between diameter and geometric mean diameter in all the varieties.     

Effects of Gradual Water Deficit Stress on Phenological and Morphological Traits in Chickpea （Cicer arietinum L.）

The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of gradual water deficit stress on some phonological and morphological traits and grain yield of desi and kabuli chickpea cultivars. This study was carried out in 2007 and 2008, to evaluate responses of three chickpea cultivars （Hashem and Arman from kabuli and Pirooz from desi type） under well watering （I1： 70mm evaporation from class A pan）, gradual water deficit （12 and 13： 70→90→ 110→130 and 70→100→130mm evaporation from class A pan, respectively） and severe water stress （14： 130mm evaporation from class A pan）. Result showed that days to flowering and plant height were decreased, as water limitation increased. This reduction was significant under gradual water stress （I2 and I3） and Severe water deficit （I4）, compared with control （I1）. There were no significant differences in grain filling period and grain yield among I~, I2 and I3 irrigation treatments. No significant differences in days to physiologic maturity and number of sub branches were recorded among irrigation treatments. Interactions of year×cultivar for days to physiologic maturity, grain filling period and grain yield （P≤0.01） and for days to flowering and plant height （P≤0.05） were significant. The superiority of Arman in producing comparatively greater grain yield could be attributed to higher grain filling period of this cultivar in both years.     

Development and characterization of a cell line TTCF from endangered mahseer Tor tor (Ham.)

Tor tor is an important game and food fish of India with a distribution throughout Asia from the trans-Himalayan region to the Mekong River basin to Malaysia, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia. A new cell line named TTCF was developed from the caudal fin of T. tor for the first time. The cell line was optimally maintained at 28°C in Leibovitz-15 (L-15) medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The propagation of TTCF cells showed a high plating efficiency of 63.00%. The cytogenetic analysis revealed a diploid count of 100 chromosomes at passage 15, 30, 45 and 60 passages. The viability of the TTCF cell line was found to be 72% after 6 months of cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen (-196°C). The origin of the cell lines was confirmed by the amplification of 578- and 655-bp sequences of 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) genes of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) respectively. TTCF cells were successfully transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter plasmids. Further, immunocytochemistry studies confirm its fibroblastic morphology of cells. Genotoxicity assessment of H?O? in TTCF cell line revealed the utility of TTCF cell line as in vitro model for aquatic toxicological studies.     

Starchy and fibrous feedstuffs differ in their in vitro digestibility and fermentation characteristics and differently modulate gut microbiota of swineOA

Background: Alternative feedstuffs may contribute to reducing feed costs of pig production. But these feedstuffs are typically rich in fiber and resistant starch(RS). Dietary fibers and RS are fermented in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT) and modulate the microbial community. Certain microbes in the GIT can promote host health, depending on the type of fermentation substrates available. In this study, six alternative feedstuffs(three starchy: Okinawan sweet potato, OSP; yam, and taro, and three f...     

Fibroblast growth factor 21 in dairy cows:current knowledge and potential relevanceOA

Fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21) has been identified as an important regulator of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which plays an important role for metabolic regulation, particularly under conditions of energy deprivation or stress conditions. Dairy cows are subjected to a negative energy balance and various kinds of stress particularly during the periparturient phase and during early lactation. It has been shown that the plasma concentration of FGF21 in dairy cows is dramatically increased...