Allomorphs of native crystalline cellulose I evaluated by two equatoriald-spacings

The aim of this study was to develop a facile method for categorizing native celluloses as the algal-bacterial type or the cotton-ramie type and for estimating the I_α/I_β (triclinic/monoclinic) ratio of the cellulose samples. We investigated various native celluloses by X-ray diffractometry; and discriminant analysis was carried out using two equatoriald-spacings: 0.59–0.62 nm (d ₁) and 0.52–0.55 nm (d ₂). All of the samples were classified into the two groups without error. The function used to discriminate between the two groups is represented as:Z=1693d₁ — 902d ₂ — 549, whereZ>0 indicates the algal-bacterial (I_α-rich) type andZ<0 indicates the cotton-ramie (I_β-dominant) type. Another X-ray diffraction study of hydrothermally treatedCladophora cellulose revealed the relation between thed-spacings (d ₁,d ₂) and the I_α/I_β ratio. A calibrating equation by which the I_α/I_β ratio was estimated from the two parameters,d ₁ andd ₂, was then prepared. In the case of relatively highly crystalline native celluloses, it was found that the I_α/I_β ratio is easily determined by applying the two parameters in the equation.     

仔猪消化道胃泌素和五羟色胺分泌细胞时空分布的观察

为探讨仔猪消化道内分泌细胞的发育规律。本实验取0日龄、7日龄、28日龄、35日龄、两个月、四个月仔猪消化道各部分,并利用免疫组织化学方法显示其消化道的胃泌素和五羟色胺分泌细胞,观察仔猪胃泌素和五羟色胺分泌细胞分布及数量变化规律。实验结果显示胃泌素阳性细胞主要分布在胃幽门处,其他组织偶尔可见零星散布的胃泌素阳性细胞;五羟色胺阳性细胞在肠道中空肠处最多,胃部分泌多于肠道。结论：胃肠道五羟色胺与胃泌素分泌细胞在胃肠道的分布具有一定的规律性,且其时空分布应和母乳、应激等因素有关.     

间接免疫荧光染色空斑计数技术的建立及应用

以间接免疫荧光抗体技术（ＩＦＡ）为基础，并加以改进，建立了间接免疫荧光染色空斑计数技术（ＰＣＴＩＩＦＳ），用其检测鸡马立克氏病（ＭＤ）二价疫苗，可快速准确地计数疫苗中不同血清型病毒各自的空斑形成单位（ＰＦＵ）及其ＰＦＵ总数。克服了常规法不能计数二价苗中两种病毒各自空斑数的缺点，敏感性显著高于常规病毒空斑计数法。     

Termite resistance and color of heartwood of hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) trees in 5 half-sib families in a progeny test stand in Kyushu, Japan

Hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa) wood has been used as a structural material in Japan because of its superior mechanical properties, its excellent durability and the beautiful color of its heartwood. Variations of termite resistance and compositions of extractives among hinoki trees have been reported. However, genetic variation of termite resistance and the effect of heartwood color on termite resistance remain unknown. In this study, we report the characteristics of termite resistance and color indexes (L*, a* and b*) of heartwood of hinoki half-sib families in a progeny test stand. The survival days of termites and the mass loss of samples of hinoki heartwood differed significantly among hinoki families. Families with red-color heartwood had larger termite resistance than families with yellow-color heartwood. The termite resistances of individual samples from two families with yellow-color heartwood were as small as that of Pinus densiflora. Larger a* and smaller b* induced larger termite resistance of heartwood. The effect of DBH (diameter at breast height) of hinoki trees on termite resistance of hinoki families was small.     

农业政策性金融服务乡村振兴的可行性分析

探讨了新时代数字农业政策性金融服务体系的建设和推进,以促进经济高质量发展。研究指出,建设该体系对于将发展红利通过金融手段普及给广大人民群众至关重要。此外,本文还探讨了数字农业政策性金融服务与乡村振兴、城镇化建设之间的关联,强调了提高服务质量和效率的策略。在保障服务质量方面,本文提出了建立透明严格的监管制度的必要性,以应对金融风险。最后,为推进地区间数字农业政策性金融服务的融合交流,促进金融服务与经济发展的协调,呼吁加强区域合作和支持中西部地区的发展,为新时代数字农业政策性金融服务体系的发展提供参考。     

In situ visualization of hardwood microcracks occurring during drying

Microcracks produced in an Acacia hybrid (Acacia mangium × Acacia auriculiformis) and Melia azedarach during drying were visualized in situ using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM); the morphological differences were compared. In the Acacia hybrid, numerous microcracks were found between the wood fiber and ray parenchyma, which propagated toward both the pith and bark. The microcracks closed with further drying, but persisted until the last stage of drying. In Melia azedarach, however, few microcracks formed between the wood fiber and ray parenchyma in the latewood region; they also propagated toward both the pith and bark. Because the microcracks subsequently closed, some could not be detected by CLSM. These morphological characteristics resulted from differences in the wood structure and we conclude that the interface zone between the wood fiber and ray parenchyma is one type of weak point on the transverse surface that is susceptible to checking.     

普通小麦中外源异染色质的检测研究进展

小麦近缘植物存在着极为丰富的遗传多样性和可供改良小麦的优异基因,加强小麦与其近缘植物的杂交、外源异染色质的检测和利用研究,必将为小麦生产和育种带来更大的进展。本文概述了形态标记、细胞标记、生化标记和分子标记在小麦外源异染色质检测中的研究进展,并对其作了简要的评价。     

早熟优质陆地棉品种中棉113高产高效栽培技术

中棉113是早熟、优质、适宜机械采收的陆地棉新品种.本文介绍了中棉113的特征特性,结合生产示范推广案例,总结了中棉113在西北内陆早熟棉区种植的关键栽培技术,为中棉113大面积推广应用提供技术支撑.     

高产杂交棉棉铃发育特点的研究

在新疆生态条件下,选用不同叶形杂交棉品种,分析比较不同品种棉铃直径、长度、体积、重量以及纤维品质的变化。结果表明,铃龄20d之前品种间棉铃最大直径、长度、体积及棉铃干重无明显差异;铃龄20d以后,棉铃最大直径、长度、体积及干重迅速增加,品种间均表现为石杂2号新陆早43号新陆早33号。对产量及纤维品质的分析表明,新陆早43号和石杂2号单株结铃数、铃重及产量均高于新陆早33号,但棉纤维平均长度、马克隆值和断裂比强度等纤维指标均低于新陆早33号。