库源比对谷子（粟）结实的影响

在营养条件相同的条件下,颖花数越多,库容量越大,则结实率越低,说明“库”在谷子结实中具有一定作用。同时,维管束发育好坏对谷子结实具有重要作用,表明“流”在谷子结实中的意义。改变体内营养状况,可明显地改变结实率,特别是抽穗期营养状况,茎秆含糖量与秕谷率呈显著的负相关。改变根系活性也相应地改变结实率,根系伤流量越大,秕谷率越低。说明“源”在谷子结实中具有更加重要的意义。提高谷子结实率又须适当调节库源比。     

人工加糙床面薄层滚波流水力学特性试验

为了探求坡面薄层水流水力特性,从流体力学与泥沙运动学观点出发,研究均匀粗糙尺度床面（人工加糙粒径为0.380 mm）,5种不同坡度和17种单宽流量下坡面薄层水流水力学参数变化规律。结果表明：坡面薄层水流流态指数在0.33~0.43之间变化,水力关系可用流态指数综合反映;滚波流速随着流量增加逐渐增加,坡度对其影响较小;波长随着流量呈单驼峰形式变化,即先随流量的增加而增加,达到峰值后又减小,峰值对应的单宽流量为0.278 L/(s·m);滚波频率随流程的增加逐渐衰减,同时随着单宽流量的增加,平均衰减系数增大;试验条件下层流失稳产生的临界弗劳德数在0.64左右,紊流失稳临界弗劳德数在2.13左右。     

Serological assays to discriminate rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus from Australian non-pathogenic rabbit calicivirus

Serological cross reactivity between the virulent rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) and the closely related but non-pathogenic rabbit calicivirus (RCV) makes it difficult to study the epidemiology of each virus and the interaction between them when both viruses co-circulate in wild rabbit populations. ELISA methods for the diagnosis of RHDV infection are well characterized, but no specific serological tests for RCV have been developed. Following the characterization of Australian non-pathogenic RCV-A1 strains, we used virus-like-particles (VLPs) and anti-RCV-A1 specific antibodies to establish a set of isotype ELISAs for detection of IgG, IgA and IgM in rabbit sera and secretory mucosal IgA in rectal swabs, and two competition ELISAs. These assays were used to discriminate between anti-RCV-A1 and anti-RHDV antibodies in rabbits. The isotype ELISAs were highly sensitive for detection of anti-RCV-A1 antibodies, but varying levels of cross reactivity from anti-RHDV antibodies occurred in the isotype ELISAs and one competition ELISA. However, the second competition ELISA specifically detected antibodies to RCV-A1 and showed no cross reactivity to anti-RHDV sera. These ELISAs provide important tools to monitor RCV-A1 infection when it occurs alone, and to discriminate between RHDV and RCV-A1 infection when they occur in the same rabbit population. When used in parallel with RHDV serology, they could be used to monitor the dynamics of these two closely related but pathogenically distinct viruses in wild and domestic rabbit populations.     

The effect of temperature on survival of pathogenic bacteria in biogas plants

The paper deals with the hygienic advantages of sanitation to treat dairy manure in full‐scale biogas plants. The slurry samples were collected from two thermophilic biogas plants (55°C) and two mesophilic biogas plants (38°C) in Hokkaido Japan. A detectable number of Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus in the slurries after anaerobic digestion (AD) could not be found in either thermophilic biogas plants. However, in both mesophilic biogas plants the viable numbers of Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus were detected in the slurries even after anaerobic digestion. The mean decimation reduction time (T₉₀) values of the Coli‐aerogenes group and Enterococcus in the slurries during mesophilic digestion were 13.3 days and 16.7 days, respectively.     

Assessing the impacts of tourism on the world's largest fish Rhincodon typus at Panaon Island,Southern Leyte,Philippines

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Clinical Characteristics of 53 Dogs with Doppler-Derived Evidence of Pulmonary Hypertension: 1992–1996

Pulmonary hypertension occurs as a primary or secondary disorder of the pulmonary vasculature. Doppler echocardiography provides a noninvasive tool for the estimation of pulmonary arterial pressure when tricuspid regurgitation or pulmonic insufficiency is present. The cardiology database at Colorado State University was reviewed, and echocardiographic records from cases diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension were evaluated. Application of the modified Bernoulli equation to the maximal instantaneous velocity of a right-sided regurgitant jet provided evidence of pulmonary hypertension in 53 dogs over a 4-year period. Tricuspid regurgitant velocity > or = 2.8 m/second or pulmonic insufficiency velocity > or = 2.2 m/second was considered abnormal and indicative of pulmonary hypertension. Tricuspid regurgitant gradients in 51 dogs ranged from 32 to 145 mm Hg (mean, 63.0 mm Hg; median, 57.0 mm Hg; 25th-75th percentiles, 45.2-76.5 mm Hg). Pulmonic insufficiency gradients in 8 dogs ranged from 20 to 100 mm Hg (mean, 59.5 mm Hg; median, 61.5 mm Hg; 25th-75th percentiles, 32.0-84.5 mm Hg). Affected dogs ranged in age from 2 months to 16 years. Clinical signs were characteristic of cardiopulmonary disease, but a relatively high frequency of syncope was noted (12 of 53 dogs, 23%). Pulmonary hypertension was probably due to increased pulmonary vascular resistance in 23 dogs, pulmonary overcirculation in 2 dogs, and pulmonary venous hypertension in 23 dogs. Five dogs lacked a clinically recognizable cardiopulmonary cause of pulmonary vascular disease. Our results suggest that pulmonary hypertension can occur as a complication of commonly encountered cardiopulmonary diseases, and that Doppler echocardiography can facilitate recognition of this condition.