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161.
Brigitte Courtois Nourollah Ahmadi Farkhanda Khowaja Adam H. Price Jean-François Rami Julien Frouin Chantal Hamelin Manuel Ruiz 《Rice》2009,2(2-3):115-128
During the last 10 years, a large number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling rice root morphological parameters have been detected in several mapping populations by teams interested in improving drought resistance in rice. Compiling these data could be extremely helpful in identifying candidate genes by positioning consensus QTLs with more precision through meta-QTL analysis. We extracted information from 24 published papers on QTLs controlling 29 root parameters including root number, maximum root length, root thickness, root/shoot ratio, and root penetration index. A web-accessible database of 675 root QTLs detected in 12 populations was constructed. This database includes also all QTLs for drought resistance traits in rice published between 1995 and 2007. The physical position on the pseudo-chromosomes of the markers flanking each QTL was determined. An overview of the number of root QTLs in 5-Mb segments covering the whole genome revealed the existence of “hot spots,” The 32 trait × chromosome combinations comprising six or more QTLs were subjected to a meta-QTL analysis using the software package MetaQTL. The method enabled us both to determine the likely number of true QTLs in these areas using an Akaike information criterion and to estimate their position. The meta-QTL confidence intervals were notably reduced and, for the smallest ones, encompassed only a few genes. 相似文献
162.
Vialatte Aude Barnaud Cecile Blanco Julien Ouin Annie Choisis Jean-Philippe Andrieu Emilie Sheeren David Ladet Sylvie Deconchat Marc Clément Floriane Esquerré Diane Sirami Clelia 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(7):1653-1673
Landscape Ecology - While the concept of ecosystem services (ES) is well established in the scientific and policy arenas, its operationalization faces many challenges. Indeed, ES supply, demand and... 相似文献
163.
Teixeira Fernanda Zimmermann Bachi Laura Blanco Julien Zimmermann Ilaine Welle Iara Carvalho-Ribeiro Sónia M. 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(7):1583-1600
Landscape Ecology - The landscape approach and the ecosystem services (ES) framework have been widely used to investigate human-nature relationships and orient landscape planning and management.... 相似文献
164.
165.
Nora Scarcelli Serge Tostain Cédric Mariac Clément Agbangla Ogoubi Da Julien Berthaud Jean-Louis Pham 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2006,53(1):121-130
‘Domestication’ is a traditional farmers’ practice reported for yams (Dioscorea sp.) in Benin (West Africa). It involves introducing ‘spontaneous’ (naturally occurring) yams, supposedly wild (D. abyssinica and D. praehensilis), in varieties of the D. cayenensis–D. rotundata cultivated species complex. In this study, we established the genetic nature of ‘predomesticated’ yam plants using the amplified
fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique. A total of 213 accessions, consisting of 32 predomesticated yams, 70 D. cayenensis–D. rotundata, 86 D. abyssinica and 25 D. praehensilis yams were analysed. Using 91 AFLP markers, three groups of accessions were distinguished, broadly corresponding to the above
botanical species. Of the 32 predomesticated accessions, 16% were clustered with D. praehensilis, 37% with D. abyssinica and the remaining 47% with D. cayenensis–D. rotundata. These results demonstrated the use of wild plants by farmers in their domestication process, and suggested that plants derived
from intervarietal and interspecific hybridisation may also be subject to this process. This study has shown that through
domestication farmers influence and increase the genetic diversity in yam by using sexual reproduction of wild and possibly
cultivated yams. 相似文献
166.
Despite acknowledging that exotic species can exhibit tremendous influence over native populations, few case studies have clearly demonstrated the effects of exotic prey species on native predators. We examined the effects of the recently introduced island apple snail (Pomacea insularum) on the foraging behavior and energetics of the endangered snail kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) in Florida. We conducted time-activity budgets: (i) on kites foraging for native Florida apple snails (Pomacea paludosa) in major wetland units within the kites’ range that had not been invaded by the exotic island apple snail and (ii) on kites foraging for exotic apple snails in Lake Tohopekaliga, the only major wetland utilized by the snail kite that had suffered a serious invasion of P. insularum. When foraging for P. insularum, snail kites dropped a greater proportion of snails, and they experienced increased handling times and decreased consumption rates; however, kites foraging for P. insularum also spent a smaller proportion of the day in flight. Estimates of net daily energy balances between kites feeding on P. insularum versus P. paludosa were comparable for adults, but juveniles experienced energetic deficiencies when feeding on the exotic snail. Due to this discrepancy, we hypothesize that wetlands invaded by P. insularum, such as Lake Tohopekaliga, may function as ecological traps for the snail kite in Florida by attracting breeding adults but simultaneously depressing juvenile survival. This study highlights the conservation implications and importance of elucidating the effects that exotic species have on native specialists, especially those that are endangered, because subtle influences on behavior may have significant population consequences. 相似文献
167.
Wild-type nonneuronal cells extend survival of SOD1 mutant motor neurons in ALS mice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Clement AM Nguyen MD Roberts EA Garcia ML Boillée S Rule M McMahon AP Doucette W Siwek D Ferrante RJ Brown RH Julien JP Goldstein LS Cleveland DW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5642):113-117
The most common inherited [correct] form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease affecting adult motor neurons, is caused by dominant mutations in the ubiquitously expressed Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1). In chimeric mice that are mixtures of normal and SOD1 mutant-expressing cells, toxicity to motor neurons is shown to require damage from mutant SOD1 acting within nonneuronal cells. Normal motor neurons in SOD1 mutant chimeras develop aspects of ALS pathology. Most important, nonneuronal cells that do not express mutant SOD1 delay degeneration and significantly extend survival of mutant-expressing motor neurons. 相似文献
168.
Mesmin Xavier Maret Marion Vincent Marie Daniel Loc Gardin Pauline Raitif Julien Faloya Vincent Cortesero Anne-Marie Le Ralec Anne 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(2):653-667
Journal of Pest Science - Natural pest control is a significant service supporting agricultural production. However, the relative contribution of several functional groups of natural enemies to... 相似文献
169.
L a KERVRO DAN David HOUBEN Julien GUIDET Julia DENIER Anne-Ma miti DULAURENT Elisa MARRACCINI Amandine DELIGEY Charlotte JOURNEL Justine LAMERRE Michel-Pierre FAUCON 《农业科学与工程前沿(英文版)》2022,9(2):284
170.
Danielle A. Julien Jan M. Sargeant Catherine Filejski Sherilee L. Harper 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(5):554-565
This study investigated self‐reported dog bites in humans in rural and urban households in southern Ontario, Canada. Our objectives were to determine, and compare, the incidence of dog bites in rural and urban households, and to describe the profile of bite victims, biting dogs, and the proportion of biting dogs that respondents self‐reported as being not up to date on rabies vaccination. We conducted a cross‐sectional observational study using an online questionnaire. The 2,006 respondents, each representing one household, included 1,002 rural and 1,004 urban residences. The incidence risk of at least one person in the household being bitten over the previous year in rural households (6.09% per year) was less than in urban households (10.76% per year). In 53.20% of households from which at least one person had been bitten within the past year, only a single person had been bitten. Mostly, victims were 25 to 34 years old (21.67%), male (54.19%), and playing with or interacting with the biting dog at the time of the incident (59.11%). Most biting dogs were 3 to 5 years old (32.02%), males (53.69%), and unleashed (76.85%). Based on self‐reporting by respondents, 83.33% of respondent‐owned biting dogs were vaccinated against rabies at the time of the biting incident. Irrespective of dog ownership, the odds of an individual in a rural household being bitten by a dog were 0.53 (95% CI: 0.38–0.73) the odds for an individual in an urban household. Dog bites constitute a serious, yet preventable, public health concern that requires targeted, community‐specific efforts. Public health organizations could consider findings in developing messaging, particularly as we highlight biting dogs reported by their owners as not up to date on rabies vaccination. 相似文献