奶牛增乳剂的研究与应用

随着人们生活水平的提高,消费者对牛奶的需求量也越来越大,如何提高奶牛的生产水平和经济效益已成为众多畜牧工作者的研究重点,各种添加剂、增乳剂等产品也应运而生。目前,增乳剂的研究及应用主要是生态增乳剂的研究及应用、黄腐酸的研究及应用、多巴胺抑制剂的研究及应用、碘化酪蛋白的研究及应用和其他增乳剂的研究及应用。     

蓝山灰鹅生态之研究

对湖南省蓝山县的地方良种灰鹅进行了研究,测定了体重、体尺、体温、脉搏、呼吸次数、血液学参数、产蛋性能、屠宰率、羽绒产量等。经对该县不同生态环境中的灰鹅进行比较,发现山区灰鹅在体形外貌、成年体尺、体重、体温、脉搏、呼吸及血液学指数等方面与平原地区灰鹅没有明显差异,但生长发育较慢(P<0.05)、开产迟(p<0.05)、产蛋率低,但羽绒产量和孵化率皆显著高于平原地区(P<0.01和P<0.05),母鹅利用年限也较长(P<0.05)。     

Comparison of one-layer (continuous Lembert) versus two-layer (simple continuous/Cushing) hand-sewn end-to-end anastomosis in equine jejunum

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate single and double layer end-to-end anastomosis in equine jejunum. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental in vitro study. ANIMALS: Mid-jejunal sections from 12 adult horses without gastrointestinal disease. METHODS: Jejunal end-to-end anastomoses were performed by a continuous Lembert pattern or a simple continuous pattern oversewn with a Cushing pattern. Jejunal segments were distended with fluid at 1 L/min, and intraluminal pressure at failure, and mode of failure were recorded. Bursting pressure and bursting wall tension were calculated. Anastomosis construction time and degree of luminal reduction were recorded. Results- Single layer anastomoses were constructed in less time than 2-layer anastomoses. Both anastomotic techniques resulted in luminal reduction compared with control tissue; however, the reduction was smaller with a 1-layer continuous Lembert anastomosis. No differences were noted in bursting pressure or bursting wall tension between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Anastomosis using a 1-layer continuous Lembert pattern resulted in a larger stoma, was faster to perform, and as strong as a 2-layer anastomosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Use of a 1-layer continuous Lembert pattern for jejunojejunosotomy may be beneficial by decreasing anastomosis time and produce a larger stoma than a 2-layer anastomosis.     

Reducing methane emissions and the methanogen population in the rumen of Tibetan sheep by dietary supplementation with coconut oil

The objective was to evaluate the effect of dietary coconut oil on methane (CH(4)) emissions and the microbial community in Tibetan sheep. Twelve animals were assigned to receive either a control diet (oaten hay) or a mixture diet containing concentrate (maize meal), in which coconut oil was supplemented at 12?g/day or not for a period of 4?weeks. CH(4) emissions were measured by using the 'tunnel' technique, and microbial communities were examined using quantitative real-time PCR. Daily CH(4) production for the control and forage-to-concentrate ratio of 6:4 was 17.8 and 15.3?g, respectively. Coconut oil was particularly effective at reducing CH(4) emissions from Tibetan sheep. The inclusion of coconut oil for the control decreased CH(4) production (in grams per day) by 61.2%. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the number of methanogens and the daily CH(4) production (R?=?0.95, P?相似文献   

浅谈《草原管理学》课程的发展历史与教学改革实践

介绍了畜牧业发达国家的《草原管理学》课程的起源与发展,对我国草业科学专业及《草原管理学》的发展历程进行了回顾,并对当前的发展现状进行了分析,提出课程改革应与时俱进的观点。高等教育的目的就是要培养符合国家及社会发展需要的复合型人才。结合沈阳农业大学草业科学系《草原管理学》课程的建设、改革与发展的实例,充分说明了通过与时俱进的课程内容和授课手段的教学研究与改革,对于培养适应时代发展需要的高素质草业人才具有重要的意义。     

酸枣仁提取物的生物学作用及其在畜牧生产中的应用

酸枣仁提取物是镇静安神的传统中药,其发挥生物学功能的主要成分是其中的皂苷和黄酮类。该提取物逐步受到中兽医的关注,在畜牧生产中有着广泛的开发利用前景。作者主要综述酸枣仁提取物对中枢神经系统、免疫系统及其在畜牧生产中应用的影响,为其在畜牧生产中的开发应用提供依据。     

Associations between age or sex and prevalence of gastric ulceration in Standardbred racehorses in training

OBJECTIVE: To determine associations between age, sex, or medical treatment and prevalence and severity of gastric ulceration in Standardbred racehorses in training. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS: 224 Standardbred racehorses in training. PROCEDURE: Gastroscopy was performed on each horse, and mucosal ulceration was graded from 0 (normal mucosa, no lesions) to 3 (extensive, often coalescing, lesions with areas of deep ulceration). Associations between age, sex, or treatment and prevalence and severity of ulcers were evaluated. RESULTS: Prevalence of gastric ulceration was 87%. Although there was little association between age and prevalence of ulcers, there was an association between age and severity of ulcers. Most 2-year-old horses (57.7%) had an ulcer score of 0 or 1. In all other age groups, most (58% to 82.61%) of horses had an ulcer score of 2 or 3. Although overall prevalence of ulceration was comparable among sex groups, the relative risk for gastric ulceration increased with age in castrated males, whereas it decreased in females and sexually intact males. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Gastric ulceration is common in Standardbred horses in race training. Severity is higher in horses > or = 3 years of age than in 2-year-old horses. Relative risk for ulceration increases with age in castrated males.