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81.
Julia P.P. Rangel Eduardo R. Monteiro Flavia S. Bitti Juarez S.N. Junior Daniela Campagnol 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(2):167-173
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of incremental doses of acepromazine on hemodynamics in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs.Study designProspective, experimental study.AnimalsHealthy, adult, mixed-breed dogs (two male and four female) weighing 16.8 ± 5.1 kg (mean ± standard deviation).MethodsDogs were anesthetized with propofol (7 mg kg–1) intravenously (IV) and isoflurane. Thermodilution and arterial catheters were placed for hemodynamic monitoring and arterial blood sampling for blood gas analysis. Baseline measurements were performed with stable expired concentration of isoflurane (Fe′Iso) at 1.8%. Each dog was then administered four incremental acepromazine injections (10, 15, 25 and 50 μg kg–1) IV, and measurements were repeated 20 minutes after each acepromazine injection with Fe′Iso decreased to 1.2%. The four acepromazine injections resulted in cumulative doses of 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg kg–1 (time points ACP10, ACP25, ACP50 and ACP100, respectively).ResultsCompared with baseline, cardiac index (CI) increased significantly by 34%, whereas systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) decreased by 25% at ACP50 and ACP100. Arterial oxygen content (CaO2) was significantly lower than baseline after all acepromazine injections (maximum decreases of 11%) and was lower at ACP50 and ACP100 than at ACP10. No significant change was found in heart rate, stroke index, oxygen delivery index and systolic, mean and diastolic blood pressures. Hypotension (mean arterial pressure < 60 mmHg) was observed in one dog at baseline, ACP10, ACP25 and ACP100, and in two dogs at ACP50.Conclusions and clinical relevanceCompared with isoflurane alone, anesthesia with acepromazine–isoflurane resulted in increased CI and decreased SVRI and CaO2 values. These effects were dose-related, being more pronounced at ACP50 and ACP100. Under the conditions of this study, acepromazine administration did not change blood pressure. 相似文献
82.
Vincent Marolf Claudia Spadavecchia Nicole Müller Charlotte Sandersen Helene Rohrbach 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(3):398-406
ObjectiveTo determine the intraoperative and early postoperative opioid requirement after ultrasound-guided sciatic and/or femoral nerve block or epidural anaesthesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO).Study designProspective, masked, pilot, randomized, clinical trial.AnimalsA total of 40 client-owned dogs undergoing TPLO.MethodsEach dog was randomly assigned to group SF (combined sciatic and femoral nerve block), group S (sciatic nerve block), group F (femoral nerve block) or group E (epidural anaesthesia). A total of 0.3 mL kg–1 of ropivacaine 0.5% was administered to each nerve or in the epidural space. Intraoperatively, fentanyl (2 μg kg–1) was administered intravenously when heart rate, mean arterial pressure or respiratory rate increased by >30% compared with baseline values. Postoperatively, a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a modified German version of the French pain scale (4AVet) were used to assess pain every 30 minutes for 150 minutes and again once the morning after surgery. Methadone (0.1 mg kg–1) was administered intravenously if the VAS was ≥ 4 cm [maximal value 10 cm; median (interquartile range)] or the composite pain score was ≥5 [maximal value 15; median (interquartile range)]. Significance was defined as p ≤ 0.05.ResultsGroups SF and E required less total intraoperative and early postoperative opioid doses compared with groups S and F (p = 0.031). No dogs in group SF had a block failure or required postoperative methadone. A reduced methadone requirement was found in group SF compared with all the other groups up to 150 minutes after recovery (p = 0.041).Conclusions and clinical relevanceCombined sciatic and femoral nerve block and epidural anaesthesia lead to less cumulative consumption of perioperative opioids than single nerve blockade. Sciatic or femoral nerve block alone might be insufficient to control nociception and early postoperative pain in dogs undergoing TPLO. 相似文献
83.
Cristina de Miguel Garcia Luis Campoy Stephen Parry Julia E. Miller Manuel Martin-Flores Robin D. Gleed 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(2):223-229
ObjectiveTo collect data about the current practice of recovering horses from general anesthesia and recovery personnel safety.Study designOnline survey.MethodsAn online questionnaire, including questions on general demographic data, recovery drugs, modality and characteristics of equine recovery and morbidity and mortality, was designed and distributed via e-mail to equine practitioners worldwide.ResultsPractitioners from 22 countries completed 373 questionnaires; 53% of the participants were board-certified equine surgeons, and the remainder were board-certified anesthesiologists (18%), large animal residents (8%), general practitioners (7%), large animal interns (6%), anesthesia residents (4.5%) and veterinary technicians (1.6%). Respondents were employed by academia (58%) or private practice (42%). Of the respondents employed at a university, 93% had a board-certified anesthesiologist on staff compared with 7% of respondents employed at a private practice. Most of the respondents assist horses during recovery, with 23% assisting every recovery and 44% assisting recovery in the majority of cases. Reasons for choosing to assist horses during recovery were: orthopedic procedures (57%), neurological deficits (49%), bad health (47%), history of poor recovery (44%), foals (42%), draft breeds (30%), magnetic resonance imaging (17%) and computed tomography (16%). Unacceptable recoveries were reported by 77% of participants. Commonly reported complications during recovery with any method were: orthopedic injury (66%), myopathy (54%), skin abrasion (53%) and airway obstruction (37%). The incidences of unacceptable quality of recovery (p = 0.09) or personnel injury (p = 0.56) were not different between assisted and nonassisted recoveries; however, more equine fatalities were reported for assisted recoveries (p < 0.006). Practitioners in academia reported more unacceptable recoveries (p < 0.0007) and personnel injuries (p < 0.002) compared with those in private practice.ConclusionsThe method of recovery differs among hospitals. Recovery personnel injuries associated with assisting horses during recovery are an important and previously unreported finding. 相似文献
84.
Effects of extracerebral dopamine on salsolinol‐ or thyrotropin‐releasing hormone‐induced prolactin (PRL) secretion in goats
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Yuki Inaba Yuki Kato Azumi Itou Aoi Chiba Ken Sawai Ferenc Fülöp György Miklos Nagy Tsutomu Hashizume 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(12):1522-1527
The aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of extracerebral dopamine (DA) on salsolinol (SAL)‐induced prolactin (PRL) secretion in goats. An intravenous injection of SAL or thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) was given to female goats before and after treatment with an extracerebral DA receptor antagonist, domperidone (DOM), and the PRL‐releasing response to SAL was compared with that to TRH. DOM alone increased plasma PRL concentrations and the PRL‐releasing response to DOM alone was greater than that to either SAL alone or TRH alone. The PRL‐releasing response to DOM plus SAL was similar to that to DOM alone, and no additive effect of DOM and SAL on the secretion of PRL was observed. In contrast, the PRL‐releasing response to DOM plus TRH was greater than that to either TRH alone or DOM alone and DOM synergistically increased TRH‐induced PRL secretion. The present results demonstrate that the mechanism involved in PRL secretion by SAL differs from that by TRH, and suggest that the extracerebral DA might be associated in part with the modulation of SAL‐induced PRL secretion in goats. 相似文献
85.
86.
Differentiation between dogs with thrombosis and normal dogs using the overall hemostasis potential assay
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Anna L. Dengate BVSc BMedSc Marie‐Christine Morel‐Kopp PhD Julia A. Beatty PhD BVetMed BSc Vanessa Barrs BVSc MVetClinStud Jody A. Braddock BVSc MVetClinStud Richard K. Churcher BVSc Bethany J. Wilson BVSc PhD Christopher M. Ward BMedSc MBChB PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2016,26(3):446-452
87.
CASE HISTORY: A group of 32 Friesian and four Hereford calves, 3–4 months old with body weights between 100–120?kg, were purchased from a weaner sale. On arrival at the property the Hereford calves were treated with a combination anthelmintic containing 2?g/L abamectin and 80?g/L levamisole hydrochloride. Shortly afterwards they developed tremors and frothing from the mouth, and two died overnight. The Friesian calves were treated with the same anthelmintic on the following day, when some showed hypersalivation and frothing from the mouth.CLINICAL FINDINGS: Examination of the three most severely affected Friesian calves revealed severe nicotinic-type symptoms including hypersalivation, frothing from the mouth, muscle tremors, recumbency, rapid respiration, hyperaesthesia, and central nervous system depression. Other calves showed mild to moderate signs of intoxication including restlessness, tail switching, salivation, tremors, frequent defaecation, mild colic and jaw chomping. Two calves died shortly afterwards. An adverse drug event investigation revealed that the formulation and quality of the anthelmintic was within the correct specification, and that the drench gun was functioning correctly.DIAGNOSIS: Suspected levamisole intoxication due to a combination of possible overdosing, dehydration, and stress caused by transportation and prolonged yarding.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Susceptibility to levamisole toxicity in New Zealand calves can be increased if factors like dehydration or stress are present. Levamisole has a narrow margin of safety, and overdosing in calves can easily occur if the dose rate is not based on their actual weight or health status. 相似文献
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90.
Influence of Breed Size,Age, Fecal Quality,and Enteropathogen Shedding on Fecal Calprotectin and Immunoglobulin A Concentrations in Puppies During the Weaning Period
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