Comparative study on the aflatoxin B1 degradation ability of rumen fluid from Holstein steers and Korean native goats

The aflatoxin B1 degrading abilities of two different ruminants were compared in this study. One set of experiments evaluated the aflatoxin B1 degradation ability of different rumen fluid donors (steers vs. goats) as well as the rumen fluid filtration method (cheese cloth filtered vs. 0.45 µm Millipore) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Additional studies examined aflatoxin B1 degradation by collecting rumen fluid at different times (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h) after feeding. Cannulated Holstein steers (740 ± 10 kg bw) and Korean native goats (26 ± 3 kg bw) were fed a 60% timothy and 40% commercial diet with free access to water. Rumen fluid from Korean native goats demonstrated higher (p < 0.01) aflatoxin B1 degradability than Holstein steers. However, filtration method had no significant influence on degradability. In addition, aflatoxin degradation did not depend upon rumen fluid collection time after feeding, as no significant differences were observed. Finally, a comparison of two types of diet high in roughage found aflatoxin degradability in goats was higher with timothy hay opposed to rice straw, although individual variation existed. Thus, our findings showed the aflatoxin degradability is comparatively higher in goats compared to steers.     

新疆双峰驼的品种特征及饲养管理要点

新疆双峰驼产于新疆准噶尔盆地和塔里木盆地边缘及天山南北坡的荒漠草场、荒漠草原草场地带。新疆双峰驼在长期的进化过程中,形成了适应独特的荒漠化生态条件的器官和生活习性,具有耐粗饲、耐渴、耐饥饿、耐热、耐寒、抗风沙及善长途奔走等诸多特性。作者介绍了新疆双峰驼的品种特征、生产性能及饲养管理的特点,并对新疆双峰驼的饲养前景作了展望。     

牛心朴子生物碱的GC-MS分析

采用GC－MS联用技术从牛心朴子的全草中分离鉴定出12种生物碱，分别为2，4，6－三甲基吡啶；2，6－二乙基吡啶；4－（1－哌啶）－2－丁酮；苯并噻唑；3－正丙基－2，6－二苯基吡啶；娃儿藤定碱；2，2，6，6－四甲基－4－哌啶酮；Diazen,butyl[1-(2,2-dimethylhydr)];5,10-Diethoxy-2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-1H,6H-dipyrrolo[1,2-a;1^1，2^1-d]pyrazine;9-Azabicyclo[3,3,1]nonane,9-methyl-;Piperidino[2,3-b]2,3-dihtdroindene,1-methyl-4,4a-diethyl-6-methyl-;7,14-Methano-4H,6H-dipyrido[1,2-a:1^1,2^1-E][1,5]diazocin-4-one,7,7a,8,9,10,11,13,14-oc-tahydro-,[7R-(7,alpha,7a,alpha,14,alpha)]。其中后6种为首次从该植物中分得。     

CecA-Mag及其突变体在Pichia pastoris中的表达及抗菌活性试验

参考相关天蚕素类抗菌肽的作用机制及抗菌肽结构与功能关系的假说,设计了杂合肽CecA-mag的3个突变体并利用重组聚合酶链式反应定点诱变技术,使突变体得以合成,利用琼脂孔扩散法检测CecA-mag和其突变体对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌等临床分离菌株的抑菌效价.结果显示,3个突变体的抑菌活性比CecA-mag分别提高了1....     

猪细小病毒7型SYBR Green Ⅰ荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立及临床样品的检测

采用PCR方法扩增猪细小病毒7型(PPV7)衣壳蛋白基因保守区域493 bp,将其克隆到pMD18-T载体,构建重组质粒作为标准阳性质粒,以其为模板建立用于检测PPV7的SYBR GreenⅠ实时PCR检测方法,并验证其灵敏性、特异性和重复性。结果表明,本试验建立的SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量PCR检测方法在2.85×10^1~2.85×10^8拷贝/μL呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.995,斜率为4.158,灵敏度可达到2.85×10^1拷贝/μL。该方法对于猪繁殖障碍性传染病常见病原如PRRSV、PCV2和PRV未出现特异性扩增,表明特异性好。所有标准曲线在溶解温度为83.103℃时出现单一的特异峰。使用本方法检测了2017年山东地区7家养猪场216份临床样品,总阳性率为12.5%。     

新疆南疆籽棉超高产机理研究

为探寻新疆南疆地区籽棉9000 kg·hm-2超高产机理以及相关的指标,对南疆地区生态条件下超高产田、高产田、中高产田进行了调查研究与数据采集。研究发现:要获得超高产,首先要有良好的基础地力,有机质含量超10 g·kg-1,种植密度18×104~21×104株·hm-2为宜;其次,塑造良好株型,株高65~75 cm,茎粗接近10 mm,果枝9~10台,棉铃空间分布均匀,纵向上、中、下果枝棉铃比例3.2∶4.7∶2.1,横向第一、二果节比例7∶3,初花至盛铃LAI、SPAD、Pn一直维持较高水平,盛铃前后达到最大,后期下降缓慢;最后,氮磷钾分配上,前期差异不大,进入花铃期生殖生长明显增强,蕾花铃氮磷钾比例明显增大,一直维持到见絮,超高产处理的蕾花铃干物质量比例明显高于其它处理8%以上,见絮时蕾花铃干物质量达到了6 402 kg·hm-2。以指标数据作参考,塑造良好株型,协调棉铃空间分布,维持较高较长的光合速率,减缓LAI、SPAD下降速度,促进生殖生长,合理养分分配,便能实现产量目标。     

Porphyra tenera Protects against PM2.5-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction with the Regulation of Gut Function

To evaluate the biological effects of Porphyra tenera (P. tenera), we tried to confirm the possibility that the intake of P. tenera could modulate cognitive and intestinal functions in PM_2.5-induced cognitive decline mice. P. tenera attenuated PM_2.5-induced learning and memory impairment through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the mitochondrial function and TLR-initiated NF-κB signaling. In addition, P. tenera effectively alleviated Aβ production/tau phosphorylation by inhibiting the JNK phosphorylation. Also, the bioactive constituents of P. tenera determined the sulfated galactan, mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), and chlorophyll derivatives. Moreover, the bioactive compounds of P. tenera by gut fermentation protected against gut dysbiosis and intestinal tight junction damage with a decrease in inflammatory response and short-chain fatty acid production. Based on these results, our findings suggest that P. tenera with sulfated galactan and MAAs is a potential material for cognitive function improvement.     

不同抗氧化剂对辐照熟五花肉脂肪氧化的影响

本文研究了几种抗氧化剂对真空包装辐照熟五花肉中脂肪氧化的影响。在熟五花肉中分别添加0.02%的茶多酚(TP)、迷迭香(Rosemary)、特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)、二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、维生素E(VE)5种抗氧化剂后,经6kGy辐照,4℃贮藏,试验结果表明抗氧化剂可以降低辐照熟五花肉的TBA值、POV值,其中以TBHQ与TP效果最好,其他依次为Rosemary、BHT和VE。