Effects of Glyphosate on Soil Salinization and Alkalization in Cotton Fields

We analyzed the effects of glyphosate to the index of salinization and alkalization by simulation in soils collected from cotton fields in Anyang, Henan and Anqing, Anhui, China, in 2014. The results showed that application of glyphosate changed electrical conductivity (EC), total alkalinity (TAL), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and pH of soil in both regions，compared with the blank control. With increased frequency of glyphosate application and increased concentration applied, all indices increased in the Anqing cotton fields soil which were treated with concentrations of 2.5-20 g·L^－1 . However, EC, TAL and ESP increased dynamically in Anyang soil to which high concentrations of 20 g·L^－1 were applied only four consecutive times. After different glyphosate treatments, the soil pH value showed an upward trend but smaller changes. Therefore, after repeated use of glyphosate to soils of two different region soils, although the changes of all indices were within the range of non-saline and non-sodic soils, the soils affected by salt in the glyphosate aqueous solution tended towards saline-sodic soils.     

橄榄多酚类物质研究进展

橄榄是中国传统的药用植物，其中多酚类物质是橄榄重要的功效成分之一。目前，橄榄多酚类物质研究较为 广泛，常用的提取方法包括温浸法、超声波辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法、超声与微波协同辅助提取法等，分离纯化 后采用液相色谱或液质联用技术鉴定多酚类物质的种类和成分，并对其抗氧化、抗病毒、抗菌消炎、抗癌抑癌、解酒 护肝和提高机体免疫等方面的药理活性进行验证。此外，橄榄多酚类物质合成和代谢分子机理也已经被初步阐释。基 于上述研究报道，本文进一步对橄榄多酚类物质后续研究方向和产业化开发利用前景进行展望。     

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Barodon on Growth Performance,Innate Immunity and Disease Resistance of Juvenile Olive Flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus,Against Streptococcus iniae

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of Barodon, an anionic alkali mineral complex, on growth, feed utilization, humoral innate immunity and disease resistance of olive flounder. A basal experimental diet was used as a control and supplemented with 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5% Barodon. Triplicate groups of fish (26.4 ± 0.2 g) were fed one of the diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 10 wk. The growth performance was enhanced (P < 0.05) linearly and quadratically in fish fed diets containing Barodon compared with that in fish fed the control. Feed utilization was significantly improved by Barodon supplementation. Serum lysozyme and antiprotease activities were increased quadratically in Barodon fed groups. Also, significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity was found in Barodon‐fed fish. Dietary supplementation of 0.1–0.3% Barodon resulted in significant enhancement of fish disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. The findings in this study indicate that dietary supplementation of Barodon can enhance growth, feed utilization, innate immunity, and disease resistance of olive flounder and that the optimum level seems to be 0.1% in diets.     

Ultrastructural impairment of islet microvascular endothelial cells in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice

AIM: To investigate the ultrastructural changes of islet microvascular endothelial cells in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice. METHODS: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into diabetic group and control group. The expression of insulin and platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) in islet microvessels was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The ultrastructural changes of islet β cells and islet microvessels were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the number of islet β cells, ratio of β cells/α cells, average number of secretory granules in β cells and insulin expression area per islet in diabetic group were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Besides, diabetic group had fewer microvessels with lower expression of CD31 (P<0.01). Mitochondria in islet microvascular endothelial cells and pericytes in diabetic group were swelling. The basement membrane of islet microvessels became thicker in diabetic group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Islet microvascular endothelial cells were impaired in type 1 diabetic mice.     

海南省益智产业发展优势、存在问题与对策

为促进海南省益智(Alpinia oxyphylla Miq.)产业的可持续发展,更好地发挥其对地区经济的推动作用,对海南益智产业发展现状开展了调查。分析发现海南益智产业具有资源比较优势明显、市场潜力巨大、产业基础良好等发展潜力和优势,是海南经济结构调整和精准扶贫的首选。指出了海南益智产业发展中存在种苗、种植、品质、市场风险等问题,提出了加强育种、规范化栽培、功能成分提取和产品开发研究,制定相关标准,健全组织保障和资金保障体系,加强市场营销,打响品牌知名度等建议。此研究可为海南益智产业发展提供参考。     

云南省昆明市执业兽医考试现状及管理措施

昆明市通过加强考务工作,积极宣传动员,建立长效机制等举措,近年来执业兽医考试工作成效显著,2010—2018年昆明市执业兽医累计报考4 819人,其中(助理)执业兽医师共考取通过1 222人。通过对2010—2018年的考试情况分析发现:昆明市报考人数逐年上升,学历水平不断提升;报考人员职业以动物诊疗机构、学生、非兽医从业人员为主;报考人员通过率以科研教育人员、诊疗机构、学生等居前列。上述情况提示,今后应进一步优化执业兽医注册备案管理,强化行业对执业兽医的重视与认可,完善执业兽医考试和继续教育制度。     

优质黑猪育种30年工作体会

品种是影响养猪生产中的最重要因素,猪育种是一项复杂且系统的工程,文章从育种素材筛选、育种方案设计、育种方法选择、品种审定以及扩群产业化推广等方面进行详细的阐述,并结合育种经验提出相应猪育种建议。     

转角法施工镀锌高强螺栓关键技术

常州现代传媒中心主塔楼屋顶高88 m的钢塔(塔桅钢结构)设计工艺复杂,施工难度极大,所有钢构件均进行热浸锌防腐处理,采用8.8级热浸锌高强螺栓连接。考虑到钢结构拼接节点热浸锌高强螺栓的安装质量直接影响塔桅钢结构的安全和稳定,通过对热浸锌高强螺栓施工工艺进行反复论证、试验,最终确定采用转角法施工热浸锌高强螺栓,取得了理想的施工效果,确保了工程施工质量。