Evaluation of endotoxaemia in the prognosis and treatment of scouring merino lambs

This study looked at measurement of endotoxaemia as a tool in determining prognosis and probable response to treatment in scouring lambs. One hundred eighty-three lambs in the first 15-20 days of life, from eight Merino sheep farms located in the region of La Serena, south-west Spain, were used in this experiment. Scouring and normal/control lambs were selected following a clinical examination, the scouring group was further divided into subgroups, specifically those that did or did not survive 72 h following treatment. At the time of the clinical examination, faecal and blood samples were taken. Faecal culture and commercial faecal antigen tests for detection of enteropathogens in faeces and serum endotoxin measurement using chromogenic lymulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) were carried out. Scouring lambs received 0.07 mg/kg liveweight halofuginone once a day for 3 days, a single oral dose of 0.20 mg/kg liveweight of spectinomycin and oral rehydration fluid. The pathogens isolated were Cryptosporidium spp. and Escherichia coli. The case fatality rate was 51% in the scouring lambs. Postmortem findings were consistent with enterotoxigenic E. coli infection. The concentration of endotoxin was 0.18 +/- 0.12 ng/ml in the control group, 0.35 +/- 0.17 ng/ml in the surviving lambs and 0.46 +/- 0.14 ng/ml in the non-surviving lambs. Significant differences between groups were found. Case fatality rate of the scouring lambs with endotoxaemia below 0.30 ng/ml was 0%, while it was 100% above 0.50 ng/ml. These results may be utilized as a prognostic indicator in lambs affected by E. coli and Cryptosporidium that will help aid in decision-making as to whether to treat a lamb or not based on its chances of survival.     

Characterization,phylogenetic analyses and pathogenicity of Bipolaris setariae associated with brown stripe disease on sugarcane in Yunnan,China

Brown stripe disease is a severe foliar fungal disease of sugarcane worldwide and is widespread in all sugarcane planting areas in China. Brown stripe is a major disease that seriously affects the output and quality of the sugarcane industry in Yunnan Province, China's second-largest sugar base, while the pathogen of this disease remains not yet fully understood. To address this, we isolated and identified the fungi associated with 68 leaf samples showing typical symptoms of brown stripe from 22 sugarcane varieties in different areas of Yunnan Province. A total of 113 isolates were obtained, which were morphologically similar. Of these, 64 representative isolates were sequenced for the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), GAPDH and EF-1α loci. All representative isolates grouped with the type strain of Bipolaris setariae in the phylogenetic trees inferred with individual and concatenated sequences of ITS, GAPDH and EF1-α. Pathogenicity test results showed that B. setariae strains were able to induce typical symptoms of brown stripe. The results obtained in this study clarify that only B. setariae is associated with sugarcane brown stripe in Yunnan, China. It is recorded here for the first time as a pathogen causing sugarcane brown stripe in Yunnan, and it is able to infect many major cultivars and new varieties, posing a new threat to the sugar industry in Yunnan Province. In addition, these results provide the scientific basis for the future breeding of disease-resistant varieties and effective prevention and control of sugarcane brown stripe disease.     

湿地松优良半同胞家系蛋白质及糖类对水分胁迫的生理响应

为研究湿地松优良半同胞家系蛋白质及糖类对水分逆境的生理响应，采用盆栽试验和吸光度测定结合的方法，以湿地松普通种子为对照（CK），测定了七个湿地松半同胞家系在正常水分状态（土壤相对含水量为70%）、弱度水分胁迫（土壤相对含水量为55%~60%）、中度水分胁迫（土壤相对含水量为35%~40%）和强度水分胁迫（土壤相对含水量为20%~25%）条件下的可溶性蛋白质、还原性糖、可溶性糖的含量，研究结果表明：无论是不同水分梯度还是不同家系水平，蛋白质、还原性糖、可溶性糖含量的差异均达极显著性水平。随着水分胁迫程度的加剧，各家系蛋白质含量呈先升后降的趋势，在水分胁迫初期，各家系蛋白质含量增加，水分胁迫中、后期各家系蛋白含量呈直线下降；随着水分胁迫的加剧，各家系还原性糖、可溶性糖含量呈直线上升。家系1027、101、464在水分胁迫条件下具有较高的可溶性糖含量，其抗旱性较其它家系要强，是这三个家系速生、高产的生理原因之一。     

Effects of Low- Intensity Ultrasound Treatment on Excess Sludge

In this study the influence of the low-intensity ultrasound treatment on excess sludge has been observed.The oxygen uptake rate(OUR),soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD),soluble total nitrogen(TN) and soluble total phosphorus(TP) were examined for three power levels of 0.03 W/mL, 0.05 W/mL and 0.1 W/mL as well as two time series of 0~5 min and 0~30 min.It showed that there were two stages of ultrasonic treatment: the first stage took place within the flocs in four minutes,in which SCOD,TN,TP were dissolved from flocs.In the second stage,the microbial activities have been strengthened,as well as OUR,TN,TP have increased greatly.     

Reuolution and Research of Green Automobile

The green is as a symbol of no pollution,no public harm and environmental protection. The green automobile is the inevitable results that the automobile technique continuously developes. A new style vehicle--the green automobile is the urgent solicit of environmental protection is developed. The automobile industry can develop continuously. This article mainly discusses the importance of the green auto_mobile's research and development,the development status in quo and prospect of the green auto_mobile technique in the world,and states the relationship between the green automobile technique and environmental protection from green technical system theoretically clarify the study of green automobile,including its design and the system,the manufacture and its technology,the energy,the rebuild engineering and a series of subjects. How to evaluate the cycle and the evaluable mark of the green automobile,the prospect of green automobile are pointed out.     

CALCULATION OF TNE END-EFFECT FACTOR OF SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR WITH CYLINDRICAL SOLID ROTOR

This paper presents the end-effect factor of Synchronous motor with cylindricalsolid rotor offered by analysing the 3-D electromagnetic field and using the Poynting vector.To ap-ply it in an actual calculation,the end-effect factor is proved correct and applicable.     

Study on Application Model of Knowledge Expression

As a key resource, the knowledge management is becoming a research field interested by many researchers. In order to study the mathematics theory base of knowledge expression, in this paper, a knowledge expression model is given. In this model the knowledge system is expressed by multi-tuple, the single knowledge object is expressed by the tuple, a structural expression of knowledge is given using token as example and the application of the model in city water supply pipe network is presented in this paper.     

Real-time Performance of Linux System

The standard Linux is a typical time-sharing system, it has a poor real-time performance. But according to the applications of the Linux OS are expanding on real-time domain, it becomes necessary to enhance the performance of the Linux system. This paper analyses the schedule policies and schedule algorithms of the Linux kernel, and discusses several different kinds of methods about enhancing real-time performance of the Linux system from the total Linux system. They authors summarizes the current research's developments of the Linux system.     

小黄鱼热泵干燥工艺及设备选型分析

研究了不同热泵干燥温度下小黄鱼的干燥特性,并对其干燥品质进行分析。结果表明在干燥温度55℃、铺放密度为6.48 kg/m2的条件下干燥时间为13.5 h,干燥品质最优。在综合考虑能耗、企业加工条件和产品品质的前提下,将生产工艺参数确定为:干燥温度60℃、铺放密度为6~7 kg/m2,干燥时间为10~12 h。根据企业日处理量5.5~6.0 t的加工要求,通过对产能核算及加工成本计算,确定设备选型方案为:1台GHRH-510型热泵干燥机与2台GHRH-340型热泵干燥机,该方案投资回报期短,社会效益明显。     

水稻田间育秧精密播种机设计与试验

为提高田间育秧播种机的播种合格率和播种稳定均匀性,设计了一种适用于南方水稻田间育秧的精密播种机。在深入分析螺旋勺轮式播种器的播种原理,以及播种器行走控制系统的基础上,采用正交试验方法,研究了螺旋勺轮的凹槽深度、螺旋升角、播种器行走速度对播种合格率和空穴率的影响规律,得出杂交稻播种合格率和空穴率影响因素的最佳参数组合:凹槽深度h为3 mm、螺旋升角α为81.73°、播种器行走速度v为0.35 m/s。试验表明,采用闭环控制系统后的播种机播种杂交稻2~6粒/格合格率由87.14%提升到93.21%,常规稻3~8粒/格的播种合格率为92.14%,播种性能满足常规稻和杂交稻精密播种育秧的技术要求。