变叶海棠的研究进展与应用前景

变叶海棠为我国西部高海拔地区植被恢复优良乡土树种,属蔷薇科苹果属植物,其果实具有很高的营养价值,叶片可制茶,是一种天然的绿色保健品。本文综述了变叶海棠生物学特性、植物区系、居群特征、起源、遗传多样性、形态学、抗逆性及栽培利用方面研究现状。提出野生变叶海棠资源现状调查、种质保存、人工扩繁技术、抗旱机理以及市场开发利用等研究亟待加强,同时展望了变叶海棠的市场开发前景。     

抛栽密度与促芽肥用量和化学促芽剂对中稻—再生稻的影响研究

此研究是针对再生稻生产中存在发苗不足、成穗率低、肥料利用率不高等因素而设计。试验结果表明,抛栽密度在18～31.5万穴/hm^2的范围内,再生稻粒重变化不大,实际产量基本一致,但再生稻发苗数和有效穗以18～22.5万穴/hm^2最高,分别达20.3～24.3苗/穴和18.9～20.1穗/穴;促芽肥施用过多,会影响头季中稻的产量,随促芽肥的增加,再生芽长也增长,但发苗数、有效穗数、结实率、单穴穗重则有下降趋势。同时,化学促芽剂4PU-30、高产精、腐殖酸、IAA能够增加头季中稻单穗重和促进再生芽的萌发生长,提高穗数和产量。     

Routing protocol of the wireless sensor networks for bridge health monitoring

By analyzing the reason that why the existing routing protocols cannot be applied to the wireless sensor networks for bridge health monitoring, a new routing protocol is proposed. Since the locations of the collecting modules are fixed, the proposed protocol exchanges the routing information between the neighbor nodes by adjusting the exchange cycle according to reliability of the modules. For the low routing security requirement, while to increase the routing efficient, the middle nodes replying the routing requirements with variable thresholds is introduced. In order to make full use of information in route discovering procedure, the backup routes mechanism is adopted. The proposed protocol can efficiently forward data and is suitable for the bridge health monitoring.     

低甲氧基果胶制备草莓低糖果酱的研究

采用单因素和正交试验设计,以草莓低糖果酱的感官评分为评价指标,并结合质构仪进行凝胶强度的辅助评价,研究低甲氧基果胶制备草莓低糖果酱的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,草莓低糖果酱制备最佳工艺条件为:以草莓原料为基准,低甲氧基果胶用量为0.3%,CaCl2用量为1.6mg/g,加糖量为20%。     

Methyl jasmonate alleviated salinity stress in soybean

We studied the role of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in alleviating NaCl-induced salt stress on soybean growth and development in hydroponics medium. Soybean seedlings were exposed to 60 mM NaCl stress for 2 weeks, 24 h after the application of 20 and 30 μM MeJA. NaCl stress induced a significant reduction in plant growth, endogenous bioactive gibberellin (GA4), photosynthesis and transpiration rate, while a marked increase in the endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and proline contents were recorded. MeJA application greatly mitigated the adverse effects of NaCl on soybean growth and endogenous hormones. MeJA significantly increased ABA levels, while the endogenous amount of GA4 was reduced by the application of NaCl. Our study revealed that MeJA counteracted the negative effects of NaCl stress on plant growth, chlorophyll content, leaf photosynthetic rate, leaf transpiration rate, and proline content.     

Density dependence on tree survival in an old-growth temperate forest in northeastern China

? Density dependence is a major mechanism for shaping plant communities. However, its role in regulating diverse, mixed natural tree communities is less certain.

? In this study we investigated density-dependent effects in a large-scale (25 ha) old-growth temperate forest in northeastern China. Spatial patterns of neighborhood distribution in the plot were analyzed using various methods for inferring competition, including (1) pair correlation function to determine spatial patterns of pre-mortality and post-mortality and (2) neighborhood analysis of individuals to examine the extent to which tree survival is correlated with other covariates.

? Results showed that, for common species, 3 of 5 canopy species and 3 of 8 midstory and understory species were random in mortality. Negative density-dependent mortality was not found when trees reach 1 cm in DBH. There was no significant correlation for canopy species between tree survival and conspecific abundance, but largely positive correlations for midstory and understory species. In contrast, tree survival was found to negatively correlate with conspecific basal area for most species, indicating strong intraspecific competition. No strong interspecific density dependence was found in the forest.

     

N+离子注入对萌发期小麦中POD和SOD同工酶的影响

采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,研究N+离子注入处理后小麦种子豫麦34萌发时期根、盾片、芽、胚乳中POD和SOD同工酶的变化.结果表明:N+离子注入可引起豫麦34的不同器官中POD和SOD同工酶的酶带与酶活性的不同变化,除芽中POD和SOD同工酶活性无明显变化外,其它器官中POD和SOD同工酶均表现为活性增强.4种器官相比,根和胚乳中同工酶变化较大,盾片和芽中同工酶变化不明显.其中,根中同工酶变化更为显著,N+离子束注入处理后根中POD同工酶多了Rf值为0.47的新酶带.     

氮用量对小黑麦东农96026群体生长及饲用品质的影响

为小黑麦东农96026在黑龙江省哈尔滨地区种植获得高的产量及较优的饲用品质,研究从栽培措施的密度及氮肥施用入手,采用裂区设计,4个密度水平（基本苗750万株/hm2,600万株/hm2,450万株/hm2,300万株/hm2）,3个施氮水平（纯氮75kg/hm2, 150kg/hm2, 225kg/hm2）,研究了不同密度和氮肥处理对小黑麦东农96026生长发育、产量及饲用品质的影响。结果表明,降低密度和增加氮素营养水平利于提高东农96026的生物产量,并具有较好的饲用品质。在种植密度为450万株/hm2、施氮水平为150kg/hm2时产量结构比较协调,品质最优。     

小麦春溶蛋白酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（A-PAGE）方法的优化与改良及其应用

依据国际种子检验协会（ISTA）1986年公布的标准小麦醇溶蛋白酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（A-PAGE）方法,结合国内实验室的实际情况,摸索出了适合我国试剂和仪器的小麦醇溶蛋白酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（A-PAGE）的改良方法。该方法克服了标准方法中的胶韧性差、剥胶困难、分辨率不高、谱带识别繁琐、实验效率较低的限制,适合我国小麦品种纯度的快速鉴定、血缘关系分析等。     

滇东南喀斯特石漠化地区粮食增产的主导因素分析——以西畴县为例

根据西畴县近17年（1990 ~ 2006年）的耕地资源和社会经济统计数据,运用多元统计分析中的主成分分析方法来分析西畴石漠化地区影响粮食增产的主导因素。结果表明,耕地质量对粮食增产的贡献率是69.85%,经济投入水平对粮食增产的贡献率是20.29%,说明耕地质量因素是西畴石漠化地区粮食增产的主导因素,而耕地质量的提高则主要得益于西畴土地整理模式的实施。在西畴石漠化地区后备耕地资源极为缺乏,以及因为经济建设发展需要耕地减少难以避免的情况下,只有坚定不移地推进土地整理,切实加强土壤改良和农田基础设施建设,从根本上改良耕地和提高耕地质量,才能提高耕地产出水平,进而提高粮食产量。