城市常规公交客运能力评价体系研究

针对城市常规公交客运的实际状况,科学合理地进行指标的初定、筛选、定性与定量的综合分析等,并结合主成份分析与AHP法建立一套准确实用的多指标评价体系。以哈尔滨市为例,对评价指标进行权重计算,应用模糊综合评价法实施具体评价,实现城市常规客运能力评价体系的科学建立与应用。     

不同年龄枫香对土壤中重金属污染物吸收能力比较

为了解枫香在不同年龄段对重金属污染土壤的净化能力,在土壤受到重度重金属污染的栖霞矿区测定其乔木层优势树种枫香年轮及根部土壤中Cr、Pb、Ni、Zn、Cu、Mn、Fe7种重金属元素含量。评价抗逆树种枫香随年龄增长吸收土壤重金属能力的变化。结果表明:1、Duncan’新复极差法分析显示,不同年龄枫香吸收重金属污染物能力大小的排列顺序为:30年生>40年生>20年生>50年生≌10年生≌70年生。枫香处于20～30年龄段富集重金属污染物能力最强,30～40年龄段次之。其他年龄段较弱。2、20～30,30～40年龄段枫香胸径增长量最大,将50年生枫香历年胸径增长量与相应年轮中重金属含量比较发现,在20～30,30～40年龄段之间两者均出现较快增长。     

领导力塑造:高校教育者从危机中把握转机能力探索

基于教育者在高校校园危机控制中的把关者地位,分析了高校教育者从危机中把握转机的关键素质——领导力,并从校园危机的情境管理、资源管理、沟通管理和行为管理等四个维度阐述高校教育者在危机中把握转机的领导力,提出从把垂直组织变成扁平组织、充分授权,构建学生组织多领导人校园文化、全力培养学生各阶层领导人和用头脑也用心来领导四个方面锻造高校教育者领导力。     

凤梨释迦低产园改造技术研究初报

针对广西早期引进的凤梨释迦老龄果树存在低产、裂果、果品不佳等问题,通过树形改造和产期调节技术,对10年生以上凤梨释迦大树进行了低产改造试验研究。结果表明,该技术实现了老龄树形结构优化,促进树冠透风透光,均衡树体营养供应,为轻简化栽培管理提供了便利;结合人工授粉和产期调节,显著提高了着果率,改善了果品质量,株产提高。     

Comparative analysis of genetic effects of wheat‐Dasypyrum villosum translocations T6V#2S·6AL and T6V#4S·6DL

Wheat‐Dasypyrum villosum translocations T6V#2S·6AL and T6V#4S·6DL, carriers of Pm21 and PmV, respectively, confer high resistance to wheat powdery mildew. For better understanding of the difference in genetic effect between them, a RIL population was constructed based on the cross between “Yangmai 18” carrying T6V#2S·6AL and “Yangmai 22” carrying T6V#4S·6DL. Analysis of distribution of the translocations showed that T6V#2S·6AL is much more transmittable than T6V#4S·6DL. By comparing their effects on main agronomic traits, we firstly found that T6V#2S·6AL contributes greatly to top spikelet fecundity, but causes a decrease of 6.7%–10.5% of spike number. No stable effects of T6V#4S·6DL on agronomic traits were found, except for positive effect on plant height. Excitingly, a new recombinant, T6V#4S‐6V#2S·6AL carrying PmV, was screened and proved to have a higher transmission rate than the original translocation T6V#4S·6DL, which will greatly promote the utilization of PmV. The above conclusions of this research will provide important guidance for utilization of Pm21 and PmV more effectively, in wheat powdery mildew resistance breeding.     

镉胁迫对烟草种子萌发和烟苗生长发育的影响

为探讨不同镉（Cd）胁迫对不同烟草品种种子萌发、幼苗生长的生理生态效应的影响,以吉烟9号、吉烟10号、延晒六号3个烟草品种为材料,研究了不同浓度的Cd溶液对烟草种子萌发以及烟苗生长发育的影响。结果表明,Cd胁迫下烟草种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、苗高均受到抑制;烟苗叶绿素含量降低,根冠比变小,生长受到抑制,CAT活性、SOD活性、可溶性糖含量随Cd浓度的增加呈先增后降的趋势,POD活性、MDA含量、Pro含量、Cd含量均随Cd浓度的增加而增加。可见Cd胁迫能不同程度地影响烟草种子萌发和烟苗生长发育,烟苗体内的抗氧化酶系统被破坏,多种酶活性不协调,生理生化过程紊乱,最终导致烟苗受害。     

Polymorphisms of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">FT</Emphasis> gene as a tool to identify underground rhizome types of bamboos

The Flowering Locus T (FT)-like genes of angiosperms are highly conserved. The FT-encoded proteins include a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding domain that is involved in the control of the shoot apical meristem identity and flowering time. In the present study, FT genes were investigated in 20 bamboo species that are grouped into sympodial, mixed and scattered bamboos based on their morphology. All examined orthologous FT genes consisted of four exons and three introns. Their encoded protein sequences contained the critical amino acid residues Tyr85, Glu109, Leu128, Tyr134, Trp138, Arg139, Gln140 and Asn152, of which each possesses a biological function. The DNA sequences were rich in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites. The SNP frequency was 1 SNP/16.8 bp, and the nucleotide diversity (π) equaled 0.265. Some SNPs altered restriction enzyme sites or resulted in changes in amino acid contents. The correlation analysis showed that several SNPs were informative in relation to the underground rhizome types of bamboos. Therefore, FT polymorphisms could be used as a tool to identify the underground rhizome types of bamboos. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the FT gene sequences showed that the obtained clustering was consistent with the underground rhizome types. The SNP markers developed in the present study will provide information on the genetic diversity of bamboos and they can aid taxonomic study as well.     

滇东北4种典型筇竹林凋落物的持水性

以滇东北4种典型筇竹林为研究对象,对比分析不同类型筇竹林凋落物储量及持水性能,从而为滇东北筇竹林生态可持续经营提供理论依据和实践指导。研究结果表明,凋落物储量为人工筇竹-黄皮树混交林（7.61 t/hm²） > 天然筇竹-人工黄皮树混交林（6.61 t/hm²） > 天然筇竹-人工厚朴混交林（5.73 t/hm²） > 天然筇竹纯林（5.23 t/hm²）。凋落物最大持水量为天然筇竹-人工厚朴混交林（3.45 t/hm²） > 人工筇竹-黄皮树混交林（3.22 t/hm²） > 天然筇竹-人工黄皮树混交林（2.89 t/hm²） > 天然筇竹纯林（2.69 t/hm²）。4种类型筇竹林凋落物吸水速率均随着浸泡时间延长而逐渐趋于一致,筇竹混交林凋落物吸水速率高于筇竹纯林。凋落物的总有效拦蓄量为人工筇竹-黄皮树混交林（9.74 t/hm²） > 天然筇竹-人工厚朴混交林（8.95 t/hm²） > 天然筇竹-人工黄皮树混交林（7.73 t/hm²） > 天然筇竹纯林（6.23 t/hm²）。     

Distribution of water-stable aggregates under soil tillage practices in a black soil hillslope cropland in Northeast China

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure. Water-stable aggregates (WSAs) are greatly influenced by tillage practices. The main objective of our study...