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111.
Lígia Regina Lima Gouvêa Guilherme Augusto Peres Silva Cecília Khusala Verardi André Luis Bombonato de Oliveira Elaine Cristine Piffer Gonçalves Erivaldo José Scaloppi-Junior Mário Luiz Teixeira de Moraes Paulo de Souza Gonçalves 《Euphytica》2013,191(3):365-373
Rubber production in the rubber tree [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell. Arg.] can be expressed differently in different environments. Thus the objective of the present study was to select productive progenies, stable and responsive in time and among locations. Thirty progenies were assessed by early yield tests at three ages and in three locations. A randomized block design was used with three replications and ten plants per plot, in 3 × 3 m spacing. The procedure of the mixed linear Reml/Blup model—restricted maximum likelihood/best non-biased linear prediction was used in the genetic statistical analyses. In all the individual analyses, the values observed for the progeny average heritability ( $ \hat{h}_{pa}^{2} $ ) were greater than those of the additive effect based on single individuals ( $ \hat{h}_{a}^{2} $ ) and within plot additive ( $ \hat{h}_{ad}^{2} $ ). In the joint analyses in time, there was genotype × test interaction in the three locations. When 20 % of the best progenies were selected the predicted genetic gains were: Colina GG = 24.63 %, Selvíria GG = 13.63 %, and Votuporanga GG = 25.39 %. Two progenies were among the best in the analyses in the time and between locations. In the joint analysis among locations there was only genotype × location interaction in the first early test. In this test, selecting 20 %, the general predicted genetic gain was GG = 25.10 %. Identifying progenies with high and stable yield over time and among locations contributes to the efficiency of the genetic breeding program. The relative performance of the progenies varies depending of the age of early selection test. 相似文献
112.
Tropical tanniniferous legumes used as an option to mitigate sheep enteric methane emission 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Guilherme Dias Moreira Paulo de Mello Tavares Lima Bárbara Oliveira Borges Odo Primavesi Cibele Longo Concepta McManus Adibe Abdalla Helder Louvandini 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(3):879-882
This study presents the first results from Brazil using SF6 tracer technique adapted from cattle to evaluate the capability of condensed tannin (CT) present in three tropical legume forages, Leucaena leucocephala (LEU), Styzolobium aterrimum (STA), and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth (MIM) to reduce enteric CH4 production in Santa Inês sheep. Twelve male lambs [27.88?±?2.85 kg body weight (BW)] were allocated in individual metabolic cages for 20-day adaptation followed by 6 days for measuring dry matter intake (DMI) and CH4 emission. All lambs received water, mineral supplement, and Cynodon dactylon v. coast-cross hay ad libitum. The treatments consisted of soybean meal (710 g/kg) and ground corn (290 g/kg) [control (CON)]; soybean meal (150 g/kg), ground corn (30 g/kg), and Leucaena hay (820 g/kg) (LEU); soybean meal (160 g/kg), ground corn (150 g/kg), and Mucuna hay (690 g/kg) (STA); and soybean meal (280 g/kg), ground corn (190 g/kg), and Mimosa hay (530 g/kg) (MIM); all calculated to provide 40 g/kg CT (except for CON). DMI (in grams of DMI per kilogram BW per day) was lower for LEU (22.0) than CON (29.3), STA (31.2), and MIM (31.6). The LEU group showed emission of 7.8 g CH4/day, significantly lower than CON (10.5 g CH4/day), STA (10.4 g CH4/day), and MIM (11.3 g CH4/day). However, when the CH4 emission per DMI was considered, there were no significant differences among treatments (0.37, 0.36, 0.33, and 0.35 g CH4/g DMI/kg BW/day, respectively, for CON, LEU, STA, and MIM). The sheep receiving STA had shown a tendency (p?=?0.15) to reduce methane emission when compared to the CON group. Therefore, it is suggested that tropical tanniniferous legumes may have potential to reduce CH4 emission in sheep, but more research is warranted to confirm these results. 相似文献
113.
Jaqueline Mena Carolina Manosalva Ruben Ramirez Lhia Chandia Daniel Carroza Anitsi Loaiza Rafael A. Burgos Maria A. Hidalgo 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2013,151(3-4):275-284
Neutrophils are critical to the innate immune response; therefore, the proper function of neutrophils is critical to avoid the development of certain diseases. Linoleic acid, a polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acid, is one of the most abundant long-chain fatty acids found in the plasma of cows after giving birth. In this study, we evaluated the effects of linoleic acid treatment on bovine neutrophil adhesion, chemotaxis, metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 release, CD11b expression, intracellular calcium mobilisation, mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and COX-2 and IL-8 expression. Bovine neutrophils isolated from healthy heifers were incubated with different concentrations of linoleic acid, and then neutrophil responses were evaluated. Our results show that the treatment of neutrophils with 100 μM linoleic acid increased their adhesion to the bovine endothelial cell line CPA47. The results of a transwell migration assay revealed that linoleic acid could also promote the chemotaxis of bovine neutrophils. Furthermore, linoleic acid treatment increased MMP-9 activity and CD11b cell surface expression in neutrophils. Fifty and 100 μM linoleic acid also increased intracellular calcium mobilisation in neutrophils loaded with Fluo-4 AM dye. Linoleic acid also rapidly (2–5 min) stimulated the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK as evaluated by immunoblot. Finally, COX-2 and IL-8 mRNA expression increased after 2 h of linoleic acid treatment. In conclusion, linoleic acid stimulates adhesion, chemotaxis, granule release and intracellular responses in bovine neutrophils. 相似文献
114.
Carla M.F. Rodrigues Roberio G. Olinda Taciana M.F. Silva Rodolfo G. Vale Anderson E. da Silva Gabriela L. Lima Herakles A. Garcia Marta M.G. Teixeira Jael S. Batista 《Veterinary parasitology》2013,191(1-2):146-153
Infection by Trypanosoma vivax and other African trypanosomes plays an important role in reproductive disorders in male and female livestock. Outbreaks of T. vivax in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil are characterized by wasting disease in cattle, sheep and goats with hematological, cardiac and nervous compromises in addition to reproductive failures. Similar to reports from Africa, we previously observed a reduction in fertility rates and severe testicular degeneration and epididymitis in male sheep infected with T. vivax from this region. Although anestrus is frequently reported in goats and sheep infected with T. vivax, the effects of this infection on the female reproductive organs need clarification. In this study, we addressed this issue through a histopathological evaluation of ovarian follicular morphology and classification in goats experimentally infected with a T. vivax isolate from the Brazilian semi-arid region. The infected animals presented typical clinical signs of trypanosomosis by T. vivax, including anemia, hyperthermia, pallor of the mucous membranes, enlarged lymph nodes, and progressive loss of weight. All the infected goats remained anestrus throughout the experimental period and exhibited important disturbances in the ovaries, evidenced by reduced size and a smooth surface without follicles or corpora lutea, and abnormal follicular development. In addition, through PCR, we detected T. vivax DNA in the ovarian tissues of the infected goats. Our findings contributed to understand the female reproductive failure associated with trypanosomosis caused by T. vivax. 相似文献
115.
G. L. Lima E. A. A. Santos V. B. Luz A. P. R. Rodrigues A. R. Silva 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2013,42(4):304-311
The aim of this research was to characterize the preantral ovarian follicular population in collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu) using light and electron microscopy. Ovaries from six mature females were collected and further fixed for histological and ultrastructural analysis. A total of 33273.45 ± 5789.99 preantral follicles (PFs) were estimated for the population in each ovary. Most preantral follicles were primordial (91.56%), followed by primary (6.29%) and secondary (2.15%) ones. Most PFs were morphologically normal (94.4%), and only a few were atretic (5.6%). At histology assessment, amounts of lipid droplets were observed into the oocyte cytoplasm, which was confirmed through ultrastructural analysis. This work characterizes for the first time the ovarian population of preantral follicles, total and per category, in collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu). The general follicles featured at primordial, primary and secondary categories are very similar to those described for other species. 相似文献
116.
为建立BMY牛的活体采卵(OPU)-体外胚胎生产(IVP)-胚胎移植(ET)快速扩繁技术体系,从人工草地全放牧牛群中选择健康的经产空怀BMY牛作为供体(n=14)集中OPU一次;卵母细胞经TCM-199体外成熟培养(IVM)、Fert-TALP液体外受精(IVF),受精卵用合成输卵管液(SOF)体外培养(IVC)生产胚胎;BMY牛受体(n=81)用CUE-MATETM孕酮阴道栓+EB+FSH+PG方法同期发情处理,对黄体合格的移植OPU-IVP来源鲜胚。研究结果表明:①OPU头均获卵母细胞23.50枚,获10枚以上卵母细胞的供体占85.7%;IVP的平均囊胚数和可用胚数分别为5.21和4.00枚;OPU前8~9d卵巢上有黄体(CL)的供体,头均获卵母细胞数及IVP的囊胚数、可移植胚数、囊胚率和可移植胚率分别比对照组高7.28枚(P<0.05)、7.29枚(P<0.05)、6.00枚(P<0.05)、27.3%(P<0.01)和23.2%(P<0.01);②受体黄体合格率69.1%(56/81),胚胎移植妊娠率37.5%(21/56),产犊率35.7%(20/56);③受体在胚胎移植时注射GnRH,其妊娠率比对照组高16.2%(P>0.05)。结果显示,BMY母牛具有良好的OPU潜力,但个体间差异较大;可通过严格供体选择及改善IVP技术等措施,实现OPU-IVP效率最大化。CUE-MATETM+EB+FSH+PG同期发情处理方法适于在牛规模化胚胎移植(ET)和人工授精(AI)中应用。综合应用OPU、IVP、同期发情和ET技术是加快优良BMY牛扩繁的重要途径之一。 相似文献
117.
118.
R.M.P. Rocha L.F. Lima A.M.C.V. Alves J.J.H. Celestino M.H.T. Matos I.B. Lima-Verde M.P. Bernuci C.A.P. Lopes S.N. Báo C.C. Campello A.P.R. Rodrigues J.R. Figueiredo 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2013
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on the in vitro culture of goat preantral follicles. Ovarian fragments were cultured for 7 d in α-minimum essential medium (α-MEM+) containing melatonin (100, 250, 500, or 1,000 pM), FSH (50 ng/mL), or a combination of the 2 hormones and further analyzed by histology and transmission electron and fluorescent microscopy. The results showed that after 7 d of culture, tissues cultured in α-MEM+ alone or supplemented with FSH alone, melatonin (500 and 1,000 pM), or the combination of FSH and melatonin (1,000 pM) maintained percentages of normal preantral follicles similar to the fresh control. In contrast to the noncultured tissues, the percentage of developing follicles was increased under all culture conditions after 7 d (P < 0.05). The addition of 1,000 pM melatonin associated with FSH to the culture medium increased follicular and oocyte diameters compared with α-MEM+ alone after 7 d of culture (P < 0.05). Ultrastructural and fluorescent analyses confirmed the integrity of follicles cultured with 1,000 pM of melatonin plus FSH for 7 d. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the interaction between melatonin and FSH maintains ultrastructural integrity and stimulates further growth of cultured caprine preantral follicles. 相似文献
119.
Barbara M. Rezende Priscila T. T. Bernardes Carolina B. Resende Rosa M. E. Arantes Danielle G. Souza Fern?o C. Braga Marina G. M. Castor Mauro M. Teixeira Vanessa Pinho 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2595-2615
Lithothamnion muelleri (Hapalidiaceae) is a marine red alga, which is a member of a group of algae with anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and immunomodulatory properties. The present study evaluated the effects of treatment with Lithothamnion muelleri extract (LM) in a model of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), using a model of adoptive splenocyte transfer from C57BL/6 donors into B6D2F1 recipient mice. Mice treated with LM showed reduced clinical signs of disease and mortality when compared with untreated mice. LM-treated mice had reduced tissue injury, less bacterial translocation, and decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5)). The polysaccharide-rich fraction derived from LM could inhibit leukocyte rolling and adhesion in intestinal venules, as assessed by intravital microscopy. LM treatment did not impair the beneficial effects of graft-versus-leukaemia (GVL). Altogether, our studies suggest that treatment with Lithothamnion muelleri has a potential therapeutic application in GVHD treatment. 相似文献
120.
Luiz Henrique Agra Cavalcante-Silva Ana Carolina de Carvalho Correia José Maria Barbosa-Filho Bagnólia Araújo da Silva Bárbara Viviana de Oliveira Santos Daysianne Pereira de Lira Jéssica Celestino Ferreira Sousa George Emmanuel C. de Miranda Fabiana de Andrade Cavalcante Magna Suzana Alexandre-Moreira 《Marine drugs》2013,11(5):1553-1564
In this work, we investigated the spasmolytic effect of caulerpine, a bisindole alkaloid isolated from marine algae of the Caulerpa genus, on guinea pig ileum. Our findings indicated that caulerpine inhibited phasic contractions induced by carbachol (IC50 = 7.0 ± 1.9 × 10−5 M), histamine (IC50 = 1.3 ± 0.3 × 10−4 M) and serotonin (IC50 = 8.0 ± 1.4 × 10−5 M) in a non-selective manner. Furthermore, caulerpine concentration-dependently inhibited serotonin-induced cumulative contractions (pD′2 = 4.48 ± 0.08), shifting the curves to the right with Emax reduction and slope of 2.44 ± 0.21, suggesting a noncompetitive antagonism pseudo-irreversible. The alkaloid also relaxed the ileum pre-contracted by KCl (EC50 = 9.0 ± 0.9 × 10−5 M) and carbachol (EC50 = 4.6 ± 0.7 × 10−5 M) in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was probably due to inhibition of Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV), since caulerpine slightly inhibited the CaCl2-induced contractions in depolarizing medium without Ca2+, shifting the curves to the right and with Emax reduction. According to these results, the spasmolytic effect of caulerpine on guinea pig ileum seems to involve inhibition of Ca2+ influx through CaV. However, other mechanisms are not discarded. 相似文献