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91.
D C Hirsh S S Jang E L Biberstein 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1990,197(5):594-596
The combination of ampicillin together with trimethoprim-sulfonamide is sometimes used as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial regimen for treatment of dogs with bacterial infections of unknown etiopathogenesis. To determine whether this combination is indeed broad spectrum, we analyzed susceptibility data derived from commonly encountered bacterial agents in dogs. A total of 381 isolates from 344 cases was studied. Overall, 80 (20.9%) of the 381 isolates were resistant to ampicillin and to trimethoprim-sulfonamide; 159 (41.7%) were resistant to ampicillin, but susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfonamide; 131 (34.4%) were susceptible to both ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfonamide; and 11 (2.9%) were susceptible to ampicillin, but resistant to trimethoprim-sulfonamide. Of isolates susceptible to ampicillin and/or trimethoprim-sulfonamide, 290 (96.3%) were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfonamide (ampicillin increased the coverage by 3.7%). On the other hand, 142 (47.2%) were susceptible to ampicillin. In addition, with respect to agents most commonly encountered (members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and members of the genus Staphylococcus), combining ampicillin with trimethoprim-sulfonamide increased coverage by 2.2% over use of trimethoprim-sulfonamide alone. We contend, therefore, that use of ampicillin together with trimethoprim-sulfonamide does not result in an acceptable broad-spectrum antimicrobial regimen for treatment of bacterial disease in dogs. 相似文献
92.
J M da Silva Curiel C J Murphy S S Jang R W Bellhorn 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1990,197(5):624-626
Nutritionally variant streptococci (NVS) are nutritionally deficient viridans streptococci that require pyridoxal for growth. Although NVS are pathogenic in human beings, they have not been considered to be pathogenic in domestic animals. In 1982 and 1983, 24 isolates of NVS were recovered from horses with ulcerative keratitis. A retrospective study was done to determine the incidence of NVS in horses with corneal disease. The medical records of 249 horses (259 eyes) examined for clinical signs of corneal disease were reviewed. Nutritionally variant streptococci were isolated from approximately 13.5% of horses with ulcerative keratitis. 相似文献
93.
In a case-control study of risk factors associated with an episode of nosocomial Salmonella krefeld infection in dogs at the veterinary medical teaching hospital, data on 20 case dogs and 75 control dogs were obtained by review of hospital records. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were carried out for possible risk factors for infection to obtain odds of Salmonella krefeld isolation, given exposure to each risk factor of interest. Compared with control dogs, case dogs were 11.9 times more likely to have been fed rice, 7 times more likely to have had radiography done, 10.2 times more likely to have been a resident in ward 2, 5.6 times more likely to have been given antimicrobial agents orally, 11.3 times more likely to have been given antimicrobial agents parenterally, and 37.9 times more likely to have been given antimicrobial agents orally and parenterally (P less than 0.05). 相似文献
94.
本实验用3-6岁的驴6头,先以每百公斤体重1.8mL 剂量肌注保定宁,取得呼吸、心率、体温等数据以供对照。过两天后,再在同一驴上仍以同样剂量肌注保定宁5min后,随以每公斤体重2.2mg 剂量静注盐酸氯胺酮复合麻醉。结果表明,两药复合后,氯胺酮对保定宁引起的心血管抑制有一定的颉顽作用,特别是在麻醉初期作用较显著,但促使呼吸更加加快,尤其给药初期更甚,以致出现呼吸困难和暂时危急症状。两药复合后动物会迅速倒地,诱导期短,能平稳地进入麻醉期,麻醉期可维持21±1.41min,苏醒期亦平静。因此,可以认为两药复合应用,是一种安全实用的麻醉方法。 相似文献
95.
Kidong Eom Kumjung Moon Yunsang Seong Taeho Oh Sungjoon Yi Keunwoo Lee Kwangho Jang 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2008,9(4):401-405
Tracheal ultrasonography was performed to measure the width of the tracheal ring shadow and to assess the clinical relevance of these measurements for identifying tracheal collapse. The first tracheal ring width (FTRW) and thoracic inlet tracheal ring width (TITRW) were measured on both expiration and inspiration. The mean of the FTRW width (129 dogs) was greater in expiration (10.97 ± 1.02 mm, p = 0.001) than that in inspiration (9.86 ± 1.03 mm). For 51 normal dogs, the mean of the TITRW width was greater in expiration (9.05 ± 1.52 mm, p = 0.001) than in inspiration (8.02 ± 1.43 mm). For 78 tracheal collapse dogs, the mean of the TITRW width was greater in expiration (15.89 ± 1.01 mm, p = 0.001) than in inspiration (14.85 ± 1.17 mm). The TITRW/FTRW ratio of the normal dogs was higher (p = 0.001) in expiration (0.81 ± 0.09) than that in inspiration (0.79 ± 0.10). When compared between the normal and tracheal collapse dogs, the TITRW/FTRW ratio was also increased (p = 0.001) both in expiration (1.54 ± 0.09) and inspiration (1.47 ± 0.08), respectively. Based on these results, the cutoff level of the TITRW/FTRW ratio was statistically analyzed according to the receiver operating characteristic curve and it could be set at 1.16 in expiration and at 1.13 in inspiration. We have demonstrated that tracheal ultrasonography is a useful technique for the evaluation of tracheal collapse and it can be a supportive tool together with the radiographic findings for making the correct diagnosis. 相似文献
96.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 is a pathotype of diarrheagenic E. coli that produces one or more Shiga toxins, forms a characteristic histopathology described as attaching and effacing lesions, and possesses the large virulence plasmid pO157. The bacterium is recognized worldwide, especially in developed countries, as an emerging food-borne bacterial pathogen, which causes disease in humans and in some animals. Healthy cattle are the principal and natural reservoir of E. coli O157:H7, and most disease outbreaks are, therefore, due to consumption of fecally contaminated bovine foods or dairy products. In this review, we provide a general overview of E. coli O157:H7 infection, especially focusing on the bacterial characteristics rather than on the host responses during infection. 相似文献
97.
Sang Tae Shin Sung Keun Jang Hong Suk Yang Ok Keun Lee Yhong Hee Shim Won Il Choi Doo Soo Lee Gwan Sun Lee Jong Ki Cho Young Won Lee 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2008,9(1):103-107
This study was performed to produce transgenic Korean native goat (Capra hircus) by laparoscopic embryo transfer (ET) to overcome the limitations of ET performed by laparotomy. Transgenic embryos were produced by DNA pronuclear microinjection of in vivo zygotes. The recipient goats were synchronized for estrus by using an introvaginal progesterone devices as a controlled internal drug-releasing insert (CIDR) for 13 days and injection of 400 IU PMSG 48 h before removal of the insert. Embryos were transferred on day 3 and 4 after removal of the insert. Recipient goats were deprived of feed for 48 h, then suspended in a laparotomy cradle at an angle of 45°. After obtaining a sufficient pneumoperitoneum, the laparoscope and forceps were inserted abdominally through 5 mm trocar sleeves. Examination of the ovaries and uterus was performed and then 213 embryos were transferred into the oviducts via the infundibula of 76 recipient goats. To compare pregnancy rates, ET was also performed by laparotomy in 82 recipient goats. The pregnancies in the recipient goats were diagnosed by ultrasound on day 30 after embryo transfer. The pregnancy rate with laparoscopic ET was significantly higher than with ET performed by laparotomy (46.1% vs. 28.6%, p < 0.05). In addition, the pregnancy rates were compared between ovulated and non-ovulated ovaries of the recipient goats in the laparoscopic ET group. No significant difference was observed between the pregnancy rates of ovulated and non-ovulated ovaries (41.3% vs. 33.3%, p < 0.05) suggesting that ET may also be possible in non-ovulated recipients through artificial rupture of Graafian follicles. These results suggest that laparoscopic ET is a highly efficient method for the transfer of goat embryos. 相似文献
98.
99.
Biochemical analysis of uterine fluid for identification of indicators for subclinical endometritis in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) 下载免费PDF全文
SC Gahlot S Kumar A Kumaresan S Vairamuthu KK Saraf L Sreela RK Baithalu SS Lathwal TK Mohanty 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):48-53
Alterations in biochemical constituents of uterine fluid have been suggested for diagnosis of subclinical uterine infection in the bovine. This study was undertaken to investigate whether uterine fluid biomolecules could act as tool for diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in the buffalo. Uterine fluid samples from normal (n = 22) and subclinical endometritis (n = 18; diagnosed based on uterine cytology)‐affected buffaloes were subjected to biochemical analysis. Among the different biochemical constituents estimated, urea, urea N, cholesterol, total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) concentrations were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in uterine fluid obtained from subclinical endometritis‐affected buffaloes. The extent of difference between normal and subclinical endometritis‐affected buffaloes was highest in ALP (69%) followed by cholesterol (55%), bilirubin (48%), urea (30%) and urea N (30%) concentrations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the likelihood ratio (LR) was 3.63 for urea, indicating that buffaloes having less than the threshold concentration (47.5 mg/dl) of urea in their uterine fluid were at 3.6 times more risk to be affected with SE. The LRs for urea N, cholesterol, ALP and bilirubin were 2.33, 2.54, 2.12 and 1.65, respectively. It was concluded that ALP, urea, urea N and cholesterol concentrations in uterine fluid may serve as an aid for diagnosing subclinical endometritis in the buffalo. 相似文献
100.